• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.396-404
• /
• 2008

This study investigated the functional properties of lateral roots of red ginseng following roasting treatment The ten different conditions, based on the central composite design for roasting parameters, were pre-established according to roasting temperature($140{\sim}240^{\circ}C$) and time($5{\sim}25\;min$). The functional characteristics were monitored using response surface methodology, whereby polynomial equations and correlation coefficients were investigated between roasting conditions. The functional properties of the samples were affected more by roasting time than temperature. The optimal roasting condition ranges for maximizing the functional qualities of lateral roots of red ginseng were predicted to be a roasting temperature of $194.5-210.9^{\circ}C$, and a roasting time of 13.8-20.0 min.

• ALGAE
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.137-146
• /
• 2021

Intertidal macroalgae are regularly exposed to hypo- or hypersaline conditions which are stressful. However, red algae in New Zealand are generally poorly studied in terms of salinity tolerance. Consequently, two native (Bostrychia arbuscula W. H. Harvey [Ceramiales], Champia novae-zelandiae [J. D. Hooker & Harvey] Harvey [Rhodymeniales]) and one introduced red algal taxon (Schizymenia spp. J. Agardh [Nemastomatales]) were exposed for 5 days in a controlled salt stress experiment to investigate photosynthetic activity and osmotic acclimation. The photosynthetic activity of B. arbuscula was not affected by salinity, as reflected in an almost unchanged maximum quantum yield (F_v/F_m). In contrast, the F_v/F_m of C. novae-zelandiae and Schizymenia spp. strongly decreased under hypo- and hypersaline conditions. Treatment with different salinities led to an increase of the total organic osmolyte concentrations with rising salt stress in B. arbuscula and Schizymenia spp. In C. novae-zelandiae the highest organic osmolyte concentrations were recorded at S_A 38, followed by declining amounts with further hypersaline exposure. In B. arbuscula, sorbitol was the main organic osmolyte, while the other taxa contained floridoside. The data presented indicate that all three red algal species conspicuously differ in their salt tolerance. The upper intertidal B. arbuscula exhibited a wide salinity tolerance as reflected by unaffected photosynthetic parameters and strong sorbitol accumulation under increasing salinities, and hence can be characterized as euryhaline. In contrast, the introduced Schizymenia spp. and native C. novae-zelandiae, which preferentially occur in the mid-intertidal, showed a narrower salinity tolerance. The species-specific responses reflect their respective vertical positions in the intertidal zone.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.42 no.9
• /
• pp.1518-1523
• /
• 2013

To estimate the shelf life of red cabbage sprouts (stored at 4 and $10^{\circ}C$), the numbers of total aerobic bacteria were determined during storage. Parameters for the Gompertz model were determined and the shelf life was predicted using a modified Gompertz equation. The estimated shelf lives of red cabbage sprouts packed with polyolefin film and polyamide/polyamide/polyethylene (PA/PA/PE) film at $4^{\circ}C$ were 49.4 and 52.3 h, respectively, whereas those of red cabbage sprouts packed with polyolefin film and PA/PA/PE film at $10^{\circ}C$ were 19.7 and 22.6, respectively. The shelf life prediction equation was appropriate, based on the statistical analysis of the accuracy factor, bias factor, and mean square error. On the other hand, for red cabbage sprouts treated with aqueous $ClO_2$/fumaric acid and UV-C then packed with polyolefin film or PA/PA/PE film, the shelf life was predicted to be longer than 168 h. These results suggest that the combined treatment of aqueous $ClO_2$/fumaric acid and UV-C can be useful for improving microbial safety and extending the shelf life of red cabbage sprouts during storage.

• Annals of Laboratory Medicine
• /
• v.38 no.6
• /
• pp.503-511
• /
• 2018

Background: Sampling a healthy reference population to generate reference intervals (RIs) for complete blood count (CBC) parameters is not common for pediatric and geriatric ages. We established age- and sex-specific RIs for CBC parameters across pediatric, adult, and geriatric ages using secondary data, evaluating patterns of changes in CBC parameters. Methods: The reference population comprised 804,623 health examinees (66,611 aged 3-17 years; 564,280 aged 18-59 years; 173,732 aged 60-99 years), and, we excluded 22,766 examinees after outlier testing. The CBC parameters (red blood cell [RBC], white blood cell [WBC], and platelet parameters) from 781,857 examinees were studied. We determined statistically significant partitions of age and sex, and calculated RIs according to the CLSI C28-A3 guidelines. Results: RBC parameters increased with age until adulthood and decreased with age in males, but increased before puberty and then decreased with age in females. WBC and platelet counts were the highest in early childhood and decreased with age. Sex differences in each age group were noted: WBC count was higher in males than in females during adulthood, but platelet count was higher in females than in males from puberty onwards (P <0.001). Neutrophil count was the lowest in early childhood and increased with age. Lymphocyte count decreased with age after peaking in early childhood. Eosinophil count was the highest in childhood and higher in males than in females. Monocyte count was higher in males than in females (P <0.001). Conclusions: We provide comprehensive age- and sex-specific RIs for CBC parameters, which show dynamic changes with both age and sex.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.84.2-84.2
• /
• 2014

We report the discovery of a new Milky Way globular cluster (GC) candidate in the Galactic plane. We found this object during our WISE survey of star clusters in the Milky Way. We derived physical parameters of this object using the 2MASS JHK photometry. The color-magnitude diagram of the resolved stars shows a well-developed red giant branch (RGB). We derived its reddening, distance and metallicity. These results indicate that it is probably an old globular cluster, located behind the Galactic disk.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
• /
• 1993.09a
• /
• pp.17-27
• /
• 1993

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
• /
• 1999.11a
• /
• pp.67-70
• /
• 1999

This paper describes preliminary discussions on manufacture of a He-Ne laser and investigation of output characteristics. The He-Ne laser which is to be manufactured is what is the most common wavelength λ=632.8[nm] transition in the red portion of the spectrum. The output characteristics as various parameters, such as gas mixture ratio, gas pressure, discharge current, resonator, resonator length, and the efficiency characteristics as a input power will be investigated.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.167-172
• /
• 2000

CaTiO₃:Pr phosphor thin films were prepared on Si(100), ZnO/glass, Corning glass and ITO/glass by rf magnetron reactive sputtering. The effects of deposition parameters such as oxygen partial pressure, substrate temperature, and annealing conditions on crystallinity and compositional variation of the films were investigated. PL spectra of CaTiO₃:Pr phosphor thin films exhibited red regime peaking at 613 nm and enhanced PL intensity was observed for the film annealed in vacuum atmosphere as compared to the deposit annealed in N₂ environment.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.81-99
• /
• 1989

Applying five morphological parameters defined along the main sequence (MS), red giant branch (RGB) and horizontal branch (HB) in the C-M diagram (CMD), and the transition period-luminosity relation for RR Lyrae variables, some basic physical quantities such as helium abundance, age, mass and luminosity are determined for 21 well observed globular clusters with combination of evolutionary models and atmospheric models properly chosen by the numerical test. The dependences of these quantities on the age and chemical abundance are investigated.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.241-246
• /
• 2007

Andrographis stenophylla C. B. Clarke., (Acanthaceae) is an erect glabrous undershrub with very narrow leaves and stems from a stout rootstock, the corolla pale with dark red stripes. The plant grows in hills of about 1200 meters height in South India. No scientific work reports are available with regard to this plant. The present study, thus deals with the detailed pharmacognostical evaluation of the plant A. stenophylla using light and confocal microscopy, WHO recommended physico-chemical determinations and authentic phytochemical procedures. The physico-chemical, morphological and histological parameters presented in this paper may be proposed as parameters to establish the authenticity of A. stenophylla and can possibly help to differentiate the drug from its other species.