• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 2009.10a
• /
• pp.470-473
• /
• 2009

In this paper, back pressure forging processes of which back pressures are exerted by mechanical forces including spring reaction are simulated by three-dimensional finite element method. The basic three-dimensional approach extended from two-dimensional approach is accounted for. An axisymmetric backward and forward extrusion process having a back pressing die, which is exposed to oscillation of forming load due to variation of reduction ratios with stroke and its related frequent variation of major deforming region, is simulated by both two and three dimensional approaches to justify the presented approach by their comparison. A three-dimensional forging process having a back pressing die attached to the punch by a mechanical spring is simulated and the results are investigated to reveal accuracy of the presented approach.

• Interaction and multiscale mechanics
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2012

Considerable longitudinal rail forces and displacements may develop in continuous welded rail (CWR) track on long-span bridges due to temperature variations. The track stability may be disturbed due to excessive relative displacements between the sleepers and ballast bed and the accompanied reduction in frictional resistance. For high-speed tracks, however, solving these problems by installing rail expansion devices in the track is not an attractive solution as these devices may cause a local disturbance of the vertical track stiffness and track geometry which will require intensive maintenance. With reference to temperature, two actions are considered by the bridge loading standards, the uniform variation in the rail and deck temperature and the temperature gradient in deck. Generally, the effect of temperature gradient has been disregarded in the interaction analysis. This paper mainly deals with the effect of temperature gradient on the track-bridge interaction with respect to the support reaction, rail stresses and stability. The study presented in this paper was not mentioned in the related codes so far.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.230-237
• /
• 2015

Soil deformation on the off-load ground is significantly affected by soil conditions, such as soil type, water content, and etc. Thus, the soil characteristics should be estimated for predicting vehicle movements on the off-load conditions. The plate-sinkage test, a widely-used experimental test for predicting the wheel-soil interaction, provides the soil characteristic parameters from the relationship between soil stress and plate sinkage. In this study, soil stress under the plate-sinkage situation is calculated by the DEM (Discrete Element Method) model. We developed a virtual soil bin with DEM to obtain the vertical reaction forces under the plate pressing the soil surface. Also parametric studies to investigate effects of DEM model parameters, such as, particle density, Young's modulus, dynamic friction, rolling friction, and adhesion, on the characteristic soil parameters were performed.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.601-614
• /
• 2018

This study presents structural and parametric analyses on the behavior of an integrated and pile-bent abutment with mechanically stabilized earth wall (IPM) bridge. The IPM bridge is an integral abutment bridge (IAB) with partially protruded piles, which excludes earth pressure by means of a mechanically stabilized earth wall developed by the authors. The results of the analysis indicate that the IPM bridge, as any other IAB, is influenced to a large extent by temperature and time-dependent loads. When these loads are applied, the stress on a pile in the IPM bridge decreases as the displacement of the pile top increases, because the piles protrude from the ground surface and no soil reaction is generated on the protruded pile. Because the length of an IAB is restricted by the forces acting on its piles, the IPM bridge is an effective alternative to extend its length.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2005.06a
• /
• pp.1984-1987
• /
• 2005

This study evaluate the statical stability of the container crane with respect to the direction of wind load which is varied between $0^{\circ}$ and $180^{\circ}$ and its average velocity is 40m/s. Using wind experimental data and a formula of wind pressure, we figured out the wind load needed to perform a finite element analysis. And we can obtain the variation of reaction forces at each supporting point according to the direction of wind load.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.1940-1950
• /
• 1993

The theoretical investigation is done on the dynamic behavior of a crank shaft used in a scroll compressor. The compression performance of a scroll compressor is directly influenced by the sealing characteristics between fixed and orbiting scrolls, which is related with the dynamic behavior of a scroll compressor. Analyzing the constrained power transmitting system is came to be of importance, accordingly. The equations of motion and interacting forces of a scroll compressor are derived and solved numerically in this paper. The locus of the crank shaft is also obtained by employing the reaction force caused by the oil film of journal bearing. The results show that the crank shaft of a scroll compressor has considerably stable rotating locus.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.2043-2050
• /
• 1993

This paper presents a three dimensional modeling and dynamic analysis of a hydraulic excavator. An excavator composed of a boom, a bucket, two boom cylinders, an arm cylinder, and a bucket cylinder is used for the analysis. Each cylinder is modeled to two separate bodies linked by a translational joint. Judging from the actual degrees of freedom of the excavator, proper kinematic joints are selected to exclude redundant constraints in the modeling. In order to find the reaction forces at kinematic joints during operations, inverse dynamic analysis is carried out. Dynamic analysis is also carried out to verify the results from inverse dynamic analysis. The DADS program is used for analysis, with proper modification of the DADS user routine according to various motions.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.80-86
• /
• 2002

Previous method of computer simulation to predict the dynamic response of a vehicle has been based on the assumption that vehicle structure is rigid. If the flexibility of the vehicle structure becomes too large to ignore, rigid body assumption will no longer give good estimation of the dynamic characteristics. Therefore, in order to predict more precise vehicle dynamic characteristics, flexible multi-body dynamic analysis of a vehicle is necessary. This paper investigates dynamic characteristics of vehicle systems with flexible frames numerically. Joint reaction forces, vertical accelerations, pitch accelerations are analyzed for the vehicle systems with various flexible frames using multi-body dynamic analysis code and finite element analysis code.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.10 no.6
• /
• pp.2420-2426
• /
• 2015

This paper proposes an evolutionary optimization approach for optimal hopping of humanoid robots. In the proposed approach, the hopping trajectory is generated by a central pattern generator (CPG). The CPG is one of the biologically inspired approaches, and it generates rhythmic signals by using neural oscillators. During the hopping motion, the disturbance caused by the ground reaction forces is compensated for by utilizing the sensory feedback in the CPG. Posture control is essential for a stable hopping motion. A posture controller is utilized to maintain the balance of the humanoid robot while hopping. In addition, a compliance controller using a virtual spring-damper model is applied for stable landing. For optimal hopping, the optimization of the hopping motion is formulated as a minimization problem with equality constraints. To solve this problem, two-phase evolutionary programming is employed. The proposed approach is verified through computer simulations using a simulated model of the small-sized humanoid robot platform DARwIn-OP.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1988.11a
• /
• pp.84-1-84-4
• /
• 1988

To obtain both lift and guidance forces, either seperate vertical and horizontal reaction rails with a ssociated magnets may be used, or a pair of magnets each latterally staggered relative lo the rail center line may be empolyed. This paper deals with the latter design, and shows that the heave and sway motions arc decoupled by linearization for small heave and sway displacement and for large sway displacement. However. there are some cowpling factors because of parameter variation nonlinear effects, which are compensated.