• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.965-972
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• 2020

Objective: Astragalus membranaceus root is a well-known traditional Chinese herbal medicine with many biological active constituents. This study was conducted to examine the effects of Astragalus membranaceus root powder (AMP) on growth performance, serum antioxidant and immune response in finishing lambs. Methods: A total of thirty-six Guangling fat-tailed ram lambs (body weight = 19±2 kg, mean±standard deviation) were randomly assigned to one of six treatments for a 40 d feeding period, with the first 10 d for adaptation. Treatments consisted of the lambs' basal diets with addition of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 g/kg of diet of AMP. Results: Response to supplementation level of AMP was quadratic (p≤0.032) for final weight and ADG with the greatest at 10 g/kg of diet, but dry matter intake was not affected (p≥0.227) by treatments. The increase of AMP supplementation resulted in a quadratic response in contents of triglyceride and creatinine (p<0.05), with the lowest values for 10 and 20 g/kg of diet, respectively. A linear and quadratic decrease was observed in activity of alkaline phosphatase in serum of lambs. As the AMP supplementation increased, the activities of total superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity increased linearly (p≤0.018) and hydroxyl radical (OH^-) decreased linearly (p = 0.002). For catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA), quadratic (p≤0.001) effects were observed among treatments, with the greatest CAT and lowest MDA values at 10 g/kg AMP. Additionally, supplementing AMP up to a level of 10 or 15 g/kg of diet quadratically increased immunoglobulin and interleukin contents in the serum. Conclusion: The results indicated that AMP can be used as natural feed additive in the ration of lambs to improve ADG, antioxidant status, and immune functions, and the optimal dose was 10 g/kg of diet under the condition of this experiment.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.12-26
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 물리적 분포형 강우-유출 모형인 GRM(Grid based Rainfall-runoff Model)과 마이크로소프트 Azure(Microsoft cloud computing service)를 이용하여 낙동강 유역의 유출해석시스템을 개발하고, Azure의 가상머신(VM, Virtual Machine) 설정에 따른 시스템 실행시간을 평가하는 것이다. 이를 위해서 낙동강 유역을 20개의 소유역으로 구분하고, 각 소유역에 대해서 GRM 모형을 구축하였다. 각 유역의 유출해석은 상하류 위상관계를 유지하면서 독립된 프로세스로 실행된다. 실시간 유출해석을 위해 국토교통부의 실시간 강우레이더 자료와 댐방류량 자료를 이용한다. 유출해석시스템은 Azure에서 실행되며, 유출해석 결과는 웹을 통해서 가시화 된다. 연구결과 실시간 수문자료 수신서버와 유출해석 계산서버(Azure) 및 사용자 PC가 연계된 낙동강 실시간 유출해석시스템을 개발할 수 있었다. 유출해석을 위한 전산장비는 하드디스크와 메모리 보다는 CPU의 성능에 크게 의존하는 것으로 평가되었다. 유출해석시의 디스크 입출력(I/O)과 계산 프로세스를 분산함으로써 입출력과 계산 병목을 각각 감소시킬 수 있었고, 실행시간을 단축시킬 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 고해상도의 공간 및 수문 자료를 활용하는 분포형 모형을 이용한 대유역 유출해석시스템을 구축하기 위한 기술로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate difference in fascicle behavior of the medial gastrocnemius during the locomotion with varying intensities, such as gait and one-legged and two-legged vertical jumping. Methods : Six subjects (3 males and 3 females; age: $27.2{\pm}1.6yrs.$, body mass: $62.8{\pm}9.8kg$, height: $169.6{\pm}8.5cm$) performed normal gait (G) at preferred speed and maximum vertical jumping with one (OJ) and two (TJ) legs. While subjects were performing the given tasks, the hip, knee and ankle joint motion and ground reaction force was monitored using a 8-infrared camera motion analysis system with two forceplates. Simultaneously, electromyography of the triceps surae muscles, and the fascicle length of the medial gastrocnemius were recorded using a real-time ultrasound imaging machine. Results : Comparing to gait, the kinematic and kinetic parameters of TJ and OJ were found to be significantly different. Along with those parameters, change in the medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle-tendon complex (MTC) length ($50.57{\pm}6.20mm$ for TJ and $44.14{\pm}5.39mm$ for OJ) and changes in the fascicle length of the MG ($18.97{\pm}3.58mm$ for TJ and $20.31{\pm}4.59mm$ for OJ) were observed. Although the total excursion of the MTC and the MG fascicle length during the two types of jump were not significantly different, however the pattern of length changes were found to be different. For TJ, the fascicle length maintained isometric longer during the propulsive phase than OJ. Conclusion : One-legged and two-legged vertical jumping use different muscle-tendon interaction strategies.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.52-60
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• 2010

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) have been widely used to quantify aflatoxins in food, but these methods are expensive, time-consuming, unsuitable for analysis of the routine screening of large sample numbers and require derivatization and high level techniques to perform. The objective of this study is to detect aflatoxins in a large number of foods by a high efficient analytical system of combined enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for screening and LC/MS/MS for confirmation. The samples spiked individually with aflatoxin $B_1$ (0.5 and 1.0 ng/g) and total aflatoxins (10 ng/g) were analyzed by ELISA and LC/MS/ MS, and the recoveries for ELISA and LC/MS/MS were 71.8~119.2% and 70.8~135.3%, respectively. A total of 378 samples (grains, nuts, soybean and fermented soybean foods, pepper and fermented pepper foods) were purchased from the six major cities in Korea and analyzed by ELISA-LC/MS/MS system. Twenty two (5.8%; peanut: 11, pistachio: 2, walnut: 6, almond: 1, pepper powder: 1, pepper paste: 1) out of 378 samples were screened as aflatoxin B1 positive by ELISA, but, 4 (1.1%; peanut: 2, pistachio:1, pepper powder: 1) out of the 22 samples screened were confirmed as aflatoxins positive at levels of 1.02~52.79 ng/g by LC/MS/MS. ELISA-LC/MS/MS system provides a more rapid, accurate and cost-effective method for the detection of aflatoxins in large number of samples.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제103권3호
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• pp.375-382
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• 2014

본 연구는 편백 조림목의 초기 생장과 부위별 질소와 인 농도 분석을 통하여 최적 생장을 위한 편백 조림지 특성을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 연구 대상지인 전라남도 해남과 장성에 2011년 3월 말 편백 노지묘(1-1)를 3,900본${\cdot}ha^{-1}$ 밀도로 식재하였다. 식재 이후 3년간 조림목의 근원경과 수고를 측정하였고, 조림지 토양 특성 및 조림목의 부위별 질소와 인 농도를 분석하였다. 해남 조사지 토양 내 전질소, 유기물 농도 및 양이온치환능력은 장성 조사지보다 양호하였으나, 조림목의 근원경과 수고 생장은 오히려 장성 조사지가 우수하였다. 이러한 결과는 장성 조사지의 유효토심이 깊고 해남 조사지가 상대적으로 연 강수량이 적으며, 강한 바람(해풍)으로 인하여 편백 조림목의 생장이 불량했기 때문으로 판단된다. 편백 조림목의 부위별 질소와 인 농도는 잎 내 인 농도를 제외하고 두 조사지 간 차이는 나타나지 않았고, 잎 > 당년생 가지 > 세근 > 줄기 2 mm 이상 뿌리의 순서로 조사되었다. 본 연구 결과는 향후 지속적으로 조림면적이 증가할 것으로 예상되는 편백 조림목의 최적 입지 특성을 제시하는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1231-1237
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 한국의 전통 발효 식품인 김치로부터 분리된 4개의 잠재적인 프로바이오틱스 균주의 안전성과 기능적 특성을 측정하기 위한 것이다. 담즙산염에 대한 높은 내성과 내산성 그리고 소수성 특성에 기초하여 한 균주의 Lactobacillus arizonensis (BCNU 9032)와 3 균주의 L. brevis (BCNU 9037, BCNU 9098 and BCNU 9101)는 선택되었다. 모든 균주는 pH 2.5에서 3시간 후에도 99% 이상 생존가능했고, 1%의 담즙산염에 내성을 보였다. 이들 균주는 특히 Echerichia coli와 Shigella sonnei 같은 다수의 식중독 원인균에 대해 우수한 항균활성을 보였다. L. arizonensis BCNU 9032와 L. brevis 9037의 콜레스테롤 수준을 감소시키는 능력은 시험관내 담즙염 가수분해 활성과 콜레스테롤 동화작용 시험을 통해 검증되었다. 게다가, L. brevis BCNU 9098과 BCNU 9101은 Caco-2 cells에 대해(각각 12.76, 11.86%) 상업균주인 Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG 보다 높은 부착능을 가진 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과들을 이들 균주를 프로바이오틱스로서 사용할 수 있음을 제시하고 있다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2015

Objective : To evaluate the status of mobile personal health records (mPHR) applications of Atopic Dermatitis, assessing general characteristics, information content, features of PHR content and functions. Method : Searches were conducted from Android's Google Play and iOS's App Store. Main criteria used to include mPHRs were: providing health information of PHR function of Atopic Dermatitis; operating in Korean or English; for human. Selected mPHRs were analyzed considering general characteristics, information contents, data elements, and application features. Results : 19 applications were included in this study. 15 were providing health information. Data elements of information included general information, symptom, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, management and FAQ. No single application contained all seven data elements. Only Eight applications had PHR function. In the features analysis, one PHR applications contained all eight PHR functional features; saving profile function, profiles supported, password, import data, export data, information provided, progress chart and push-up alarm. Conclusion : mPHR is an emerging health care technology. The majority of existing mPHR applications only provide one-way information. Application designed to help users and doctors to exchange mutual information was the only one. Also, there was no application that can record the Traditional Korean Medicinal treatment information. However, as the mobile market continues to expand it is likely that more comprehensive mPHRs will be developed in the near future. New advancements in mobile technology can be utilized to enhance Tranditional Korean Medical health care.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1075-1083
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cutting types on microclimate and growth characteristics of afforested tree in Quercus acutissima stand after different types of cutting. The difference in temperature reaching $5.2^{\circ}C$ was shown in between clear cutting and selective cutting treatments. On July and August days with temperatures more than $35^{\circ}C$ often appeared in clear cutting stand. The values of VPD in July and August were higher than those in other months. Maximum VPD of 3.99 kPa was shown in clear cutting stand on May 23 as a prolonged rainless days appeared. However, VPD in selective cutting stand always stayed under 3.0 kPa throughout growing season. A higher intensity was shown in clear cutting and strip clear cutting stands, reaching to more than $1,600{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$ at midday on early August, while that in selective cutting stand stayed about 1,500. In relative growth rate selective cutting stand showed a significantly higher relative growth rate in plant height than those in other cutting stands (p<0.05). The number of leaf in current-year branches significantly increased in selective cutting stand, whereas no increase was shown in clear cutting and strip clear cutting stands (p<0.05). In addition, relative elongation rate of current year branch also showed higher values in selective cutting stand compared with that in strip clear cutting stand (p<0.05). However, leaf mass per unit area (LMA) was higher in order of strip clear cutting, clear cutting, and selective cutting stands. From these results it is concluded that environmental conditions in clear cutting and strip clear cutting stands during growing season are more stressful to afforested tree species, resulting in lower relative growth in plant height, elongation of current-year branches, and leaf number per branch compared with those in selective cutting stand. Consequently, more data must be accumulated in the field to find out best cutting type in plantation considering the adaptational characteristic of each tree species varies with species and life span of tree is long.

• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2016

목적 : 아동을 대상으로 실시한 그룹 작업치료에 대한 효과를 체계적 고찰을 통해 알아보고 이를 통해 아동 그룹작업치료에 대한 근거를 마련하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 국외 검색 데이터베이스는 Pubmed와 Ovid를 국내 검색 데이터베이스는 학술연구정보서비스(RISS), 한국학술정보(KISS), 디비피아(DBpia)를 사용하여 2014년까지의 국외/국내 학회지를 검색하였다. 국외/국내 검색어를 다르게 사용하여 총 14개의 연구를 선정하였으며 근거의 질적 수준에 따라 나누고 PICO(Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) 형식으로 정리하였다. 결과 : 대상자는 정상아동보다 진단을 받은 아동이 많았고, 감각통합장애 아동(28.6%)이 가장 많았다. 중재방법은 그룹감각통합치료(40%)가 가장 많았고, 중재 결과 분석을 위해 사용된 평가 영역 및 평가도구로는 사회성(31.0%)을 측정하기 위한 것이 가장 많았다. 중재 효과는 통계학적으로 유의한 결과가 전체의 40.7%이었다. 결론 : 앞으로 아동을 대상으로 실시하는 그룹 작업치료는 다양한 진단군을 대상으로 폭 넓은 중재내용을 통해 높은 근거수준의 효과가 입증 되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2016

Objective: Direct current cardioversion for atrial fibrillation could be associated with the risk of thromboembolic events. Anticoagulation therapy with warfarin (INR 2.0-3.0) is recommended 3 weeks before and 4 weeks after cardioversion to reduce the risk of thromboembolism. This study evaluated warfarin therapy in pharmacist-managed anticoagulant services (ACS). Methods: This retrospective study was performed in 106 patients with atrial fibrillation from 2012 to 2013. The primary efficacy endpoint was the composite of stroke, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death. The primary safety measure was major bleeding. To evaluate the peri-procedural effects of warfarin treatment, we studied whether target INR was maintained, as well as the maintenance period of the therapeutic range. Quality of treatment was measured by time in therapeutic range (TTR) by using the Rosendaal method. Results: There were no thromboembolic events, but TEE examination at time of cardioversion showed a left atrial thrombus in three patients (2.8%). Bleeding complications after cardioversion occurred in 2 patients (1.9%). The average INR value at the time of cardioversion was $2.59{\pm}0.8$, and was within the therapeutic range in 83 patients (78%). Analysis of the patients in whom the value was within the therapeutic range twice consecutively showed that the ratio of TTR was 80% and the therapeutic range was maintained in 67 patients (63%) for an average of 4.90 weeks prior to cardioversion. Similarly, 76 patients (72%) had a stable INR within the therapeutic range for an average of 5.70 weeks and a mean TTR of 83%. Conclusion: Pharmacists significantly contributed to appropriate warfarin treatment with close monitoring during cardioversion. Likewise, active pharmacist monitoring and systemic management should be considered to reduce thromboembolism and bleeding complications in the peri-cardioversion period.