• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.727-734
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• 2014

To investigate anti-thrombosis and anti-oxidation activities of the root of Arctium lappa L (RALL), which has been used as foodstuff and oriental medicine in Korea, the ethanol extract and its subsequent organic solvent fractions of the RALL were prepared. The yield of ethanol extraction was 10.94%, and the content of total polyphenol and total sugar of ethanol extract were 5.01 and 694.53 mg/g, respectively. The fraction yields of n-hexane, ethylacetate (EA), butanol and water residue were 1.62, 0.42, 5.98 and 85.38%, respectively. In anticoagulation activity assay, the ethanol extract of RALL did not show significant changes in thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), whereas the EA fractions showed 13 folds extended TT, PT, and aPTT respectively. Interestingly, the water residue showed strong activation effect against blood clotting factors with shortened aPTT, which might provide the evidence of coagulation agent of RALL in folk remedy. In anti-platelet aggregation assay, the activity of the ethanol extract and its fractions were comparable to that of aspirin. Especially the EA fraction showed 2-folds higher inhibitory activity than aspirin. In anti-oxidation activity assay, the EA fraction also showed strong in DPPH, ABTS and nitrite scavenging activity, and reducing power activity. The extract and fractions of RALL have ignorable hemolytic activity against human RBC up to 0.5 mg/mL concentration. Our results suggest that the EA fraction of RALL have potentials as safe and novel anti-thrombosis agent.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.119-124
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• 1979

In order to examine $SO_2$ injury to apple shoots, cutting shoots of five cultivars were exposed to 3 ppm $SO_2$ in vase life conditions. 1. The most sensitive cultivar to $SO_2$ was 'Rall's Genet', and 'Starking' was most tolerant among cultivars tested. 2. Ethylene production of shoots showed peak after 8 hours exposure, when visible injury was not appeared, and was decreased with increase in exposure time. 'Rall's Genet' showed slower decrease in ethylene production than other cultivars. 3. Chlorophyll a, b and a/b ratio were decreased in all cultivars after 40-hr exposures to 3 ppm $SO_2$ and greatly decreased in 'Rall's Genet' compared to other cultivars.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.323-332
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• 2016

A robot's recognition and diagnosis of pronunciation and its speech are the most important interactions in RALL(Robot Assisted Language Learning). This study is to verify the effectiveness of robot TTS(Text to Sound) technology in assisting Korean English language learners to acquire a native-like accent by correcting the prosodic errors they commonly make. The child English language learners' F0 range and speaking rate in the 4th grade, a prosodic variable, will be measured and analyzed for any changes in accent. We compare whether robot with the currently available TTS technology appeared to be effective for the 4th graders and 1st graders who were not under the formal English learning with native speaker from the acoustic phonetic viewpoint. Two groups by repeating TTS of RALL responded to the speaking rate rather than F0 range.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1991.11a
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• pp.101-104
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• 1991

Bal1 screw systems has been used for positioning elements of machine tools. In order to maintain high rigidity and accuracy, preload is applied between nut and screw. However, large amount of preload increases frictional heat. Temperature rises remarkably at high speed notion, Thermal expansion degrades positioning accuracy, In this paper, finite differance method is applied to compute temperature distributions and thermal expansions of ball screw systems according to preload condition and rotational steed. Some simulation results show that the developed methodology is good to study thermal expansion of ball screw systems.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.155-162
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• 1999

Extruded aluminum sections are used to the light construction of the rall vehicles structures However, the research works on the crashworthy design of the extruded aluminum sections are not published sufficiently in this paper, the impact energy absorption characteristics of extruded aluminum sections are investigated by crash simulation and test The optimized energy absorbing studies are also performed based on the selected design parameter variations of the sectional shapes and the dimensional ratios.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.6-9
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• 2006

Crystal structure of Bis(N-Methylphenazinium)-Tetracyanopalladate(II) hydrate has been determined by X-ray crystallography. Crystal data: $(C_{13}H_{11}N_2){_2}[Pd(cn)_4]{\cdot}H_2O$, Monocline, Space group $P2_1/b$(No=14), a=9.783(4), b=10.788(4), c=13.666(4) ${\AA},\;{\beta}=104.59(5),\;Z=2,\;V=1392.9{\AA}{^3},\;Dc=1.476gcm^{-3},\;F(000)=632,\;{\mu}=7.05cm^{-1}$. The structure was solved by Patterson method and refined by full matrix least-square methods using unit weights. The final R and S values were R=0.0257, Rw=0.0732, Rall=0.0283 and S=1.07 for 1930 observed reflections. Both cation and anion complexes are essentially planar and have dihedral angles of $10.16(4)^{\circ}$. The planar complex anions are sandwiched between slightly bent cations. The interplanar separations in one triad and between two triads are 3.419(3) and $3.402(4){\AA}$, respectively. The triads are stacked along b-axis.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.269-273
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• 2003

A total of 57 isolates of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were recovered from diseased tissues of Hall's crab apple (Malus haliana), 3 cultivars of edible apple (M. pumila var. dulcissima), red pepper (Capsicum annum), and grapevine (Vitis vinifera) fruits. All isolates showed strong virulence on their own host plants. Isolates from edible apple exhibited high level of cultivar specificity in pathogenicity tests. Ten isolates from apple cultivar 'Fuji' were virulent on 'Jonathan' and 'Rall's Genet'. However, 12 isolates from 'Jonathan' and 'Rall's Genet' were not virulent on 'Fuji'. Among the 24 isolates from red pepper, only seven and two isolates were infective on edible apple and grapevine fruits, respectively. All six isolates from grapevine were only virulent on their own host. These isolates were grouped into five vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs), A, B, C, D, and E, by demonstrating heterokaryosis through complementation using nitrate-nonutilizing (nit) mutants. Among them, isolates belong to VCG-A and VCG-D accounted for 24 and 17 isolates； those in VCG-A exhibited wide host range involving Hall's crab apple, all three edible apple cultivars, and red pepper. On the other hand, isolates of VCG-D and VCG-E showed limited host range specific to red pepper and grapevine, respectively. Taken together, the data suggest that among C. gloeosporioides isolates, the concepts of pathotype and/or forma specialis may exist, and that three is a relationship between host specificity and VCG grouping among C. gloeosporioides isolates.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 1998

Crystal structure of Bis(ethylenediamine)palladium(II)-Bis(oxalato)palladate(II0 has been determined by X-ray crystallography. Crystal data : (Pd(C2H8N2)2.Pd(C2O4)2), Fw=509.04, Monocline, Space Group P21/c (no=14), a=6.959(2), b=13.506(2), c=15.339(2) Å, β=99.94(3), Z=4, V=1420 Å3, Dc=2.380 gcm-3, μ=25.46cm-1, F(000)=992. The intensity data were collected with Mo-Kα radiation (λ=0.7107 Å) on an automatic four-circle diffractometer with a graphite monochromater. The structure was solved by Patterson method and refined by full matrix least-square methods using unit weights. The final R and S values were R=0.021, Rw=0.030, Rall=0.032 abd S=2.1 for 1472 observed reflections. The essentially planar complex anions form diade of interplanar distances of 3.41 Å and their diads are stacked along aaxis with interplanar separation of 3.44 Å.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.333-336
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• 2002

An alternative CMOS implementation of a multi-output four-terminal floating nullor (FTFN) with constant-g$_{m}$ rall-to-rail input stage is proposed. This presented circuit is based on the advantages of a complementary transconductance amplifier and class AB dual translinear cell circuit that comes up with wide bandwidth. The constant-g$_{m}$ characteristic is controlled by the maximum-current selection circuits, maintaining the smooth response over the change of input common mode voltage. The circuit performances are confirmed through HSPICE simulations. A current-mode multifunction filter is used to exhibit the potentiality of this proposed scheme.eme.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.1117-1122
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• 2003

The paper on table deflection by stop state and move speed at loaded load, and the table deflection measured of static load. It is developed program for Date correction of LSM(Least Square Method). We experimented the method as following. The first a Laser setting and scan Experimental device measured curvature radius, The second A center of measurement object and curvature radius taking of LSC.