• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.259-265
• /
• 2005

The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) encoded by the coat color extension gene (E) plays a key role in the signaling pathway of melanin synthesis. The primers for the amplification of bovine MC1R gene were designed based on a bovine MC1R gene sequence (GenBank accession no. Y19103). A size of 483bp (482bp for Hanwoo) was amplified by PCR, digested with Hpa II restriction enzyme and electrophoresed in $1.5\%$ agarose gel. When the amplified DNA product (483 bp) was digested with Hpa II restriction enzyme, Hanwoo meat showed a single band of 482bp, whereas two fragments of 325bp and 158bp were detected in Holstein, Angus and meat of Hanwoo / Holstein cross cow having back coat color phenotype, respectively. The results of this experiment Indicate that new designed primers of bovine MCIR gene may be useful for identification of Hanwoo meat from Holstein, Black Angus and Hanwoo / Holstein cross cow meat.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.837-844
• /
• 2008

Glucose (xylose) isomerases from Streptomyces sp. have been used for the production of high fructose corn syrup for industrial purposes. An 11-kb DNA fragment containing the xyl gene cluster was isolated from Streptomyces lividans TK24 and its nucleotide sequences were analyzed. It was found that the xyl gene cluster contained a putative transcriptional repressor (xylR), xylulokinase (xylB), and xylose isomerase (xylA) genes. The transcriptional directions of the xylB and xylA genes were divergent, which is consistent to those found in other streptomycetes. A gene encoding XylR was located downstream of the xylB gene in the same direction, and its mutant strain produced xylose isomerase regardless of xylose in the media. The enzyme expression level in the mutant was 4.6 times higher than that in the parent strain under xylose-induced condition. Even in the absence of xylose, the mutant strain produce over 60% of enzyme compared with the xylose-induced condition. Gel mobility shift assay showed that XylR was able to bind to the putative xyl promoter, and its binding was inhibited by the addition of xylose in vitro. This result suggested that XylR acts as a repressor in the S. lividans xylose operon.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.75-80
• /
• 2015

Osteoclasts are unique cells responsible for the resorption of bone matrix. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of a wide range of physiological processes. Here, we examined the role of miR-26a in RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. The expression of miR-26a was upregulated by RANKL at the late stage of osteoclastogenesis. Ectopic expression of an miR-26a mimic in osteoclast precursor cells attenuated osteoclast formation, actin-ring formation, and bone resorption by suppressing the expression of connective tissue growth factor/CCN family 2 (CTGF/CCN2), which can promote osteoclast formation via upregulation of dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP). On the other hand, overexpression of miR-26a inhibitor enhanced RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and function as well as CTGF expression. In addition, the inhibitory effect of miR-26a on osteoclast formation and function was prevented by treatment with recombinant CTGF. Collectively, our results suggest that miR-26a modulates osteoclast formation and function through the regulation of CTGF.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.27-30
• /
• 1989

F. velutipes Leu 2 gene (${\beta}-isopropylmalate$ dehydrogenase gene) was used for transformation of P. florida leucine requiring auxotrophic mutant P101. Transformation frequency was very low but the transformed colony can grow on minimal medium very slowly. Transformation was identified by Southern hybridization and reverse transformation into E. coli using chromosome DNA isolated from transformed P. florida.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.263-271
• /
• 2010

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) constitute the largest superfamily of cell membrane receptors, mediating diverse signal-transduction pathways. The melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) has been of interest for its physiological role and size, one of the smallest among the GPCRs, which makes it a good model system for the structural study of GPCRs. To study the molecular structure and tissue-specific expression of MC4R in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), the full-length MC4R gene was obtained using PCR amplification of genomic DNA as well as cDNA synthesis. Sequence analysis of the gene indicates that 978 bp of the MC4R gene encodes 325 amino acids without introns. Sequence alignment with the MC4Rs from other fish shows the highest degree of identity (96%) between Paralichthys olivaceous and Verasper moseri, followed by Takifugu rubripes and Tetraodon nigroviridis (89%). RNA was isolated from various tissues to examine the tissue distribution of MC4R by using RT-PCR. The results showed major expression of MC4R in the liver, brain, and eye, which is consistent with the expression pattern in other fish belonging to the order Pleuronectiformes.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.165-169
• /
• 1997

Two gentamicin resistance R plasmids, pGM5 and pGM6, containing aacC2 gene were selected from environmental isolates. The gentamicin resistance determinants of R plasmids were cloned into the BamHI site of pUC18. Restriction enzyme map of inserted region of recombinant plasmids, pSYS and pSY6, and PCR results indicated that Tn3 sequence was located upstream of gentamicin resistance gene. Based on the restriction maps and susceptibility tests, it was concluded that the sequence of bla and 3' inverted repeat of Tn3 play a important roles in the expression of gentamicin resistance gene.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.20-30
• /
• 2000

Objective : This experiment was performed in order to study the effect of an aqueous extract of Salviae radix root(SRRAE) on NO production and NOS gene induction from macrophages Methods : To investigate dose-dependent effects of SRRAE for NO release on the $rIFN-{\gamma}-treated$ macrophages, the cells were incubated for 6 hrs in a medium containing $rIFN-{\gamma}$ (5 U/ml), stimulated with SRRAE and incubated in a CO2 incubator. The cells were treated with 5 U/ml $rIFN-{\gamma}$ plus 100 g/ml of SRRAE, Then, the cells were incubated with various concentrations of NGMMA at $37^{\circ}C$ for 48 hrs, Results : SRRAE had no effect on NO production by itself, whereas recombinant $interferon-{\gamma}(rIFN-{\gamma})$ alone showed modest activity, When SRRAE was used in combination with $rIFN-{\gamma}$, there was a marked cooperative induction of NO production in a dose-dependent manner. The optimal effect of SRRAE on NO production was shown at 6hrs after treatment with $rIFN-{\gamma}$. The SRRAE-induced production of NO was inhibited by NG-monomethyl- L-arginine(NGMMA) and arginase. $rIFN-{\gamma}$ in combination with SRRAE showed a marked increase of the expression of the inducible NOS(iNOS) gene. In addition, the effect of SRRAE was mainly dependent on the SRRAE-induced tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}(TNF-{\alpha})$ secretion. Conclusions : SRRAE induces NO production from macrophages as a result of SRRAE-induced $TNF-{\alpha}$ secretion. SRRAE may provide a second signal for synergistic induction of NO production in macrophages already induced to express iNOS gene by $rIFN-{\gamma}$.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 1998

Small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene nucleotide sequences of bovine ReiLerin isolates from Korea (KLS and KCB) and japan (JHS) were determined. The genes from each isolate were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and the approxi- mately 1.8 kb product cloned and sequenced by a modified dideoxynucleotide method. Overlapping gene segments produced with a series of primers were sequenced, resoRting in a complete DNA sequence for both forward and reverse strands of the SSU rRNA genes of each isolate. SSU rRNA gene sequences (termed Type A) were identical among the bovine ReiLeri,n isolates from Korea and the isolate from Japan. A GenBank data library homolo- gy search showed the sequence to be the same as that listed as leiLeyia buKeLi isolated from cattle in Marula, Kenya.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.53 no.3
• /
• pp.275-285
• /
• 2020

Two specimens presumed to be hybrids of Rhodeus pseudosericeus and R. notatus were collected from the Sangcheon Stream of the Han River, Korea. The body color of natural hybrid individuals was yellowish brown, showing the intermediate characteristics of R. pseudosericeus and R. notatus, but overall, the characteristics of R. notatus were similar. Meristic and morphometric characters, the number of dorsal fin rays, anal fin rays and longitudinal row scales showed a hybrid index (HI) of 0, indicating the characters of R. notatus. The hybrid index of predorsal length (HI=74.6), preanal length (HI=75.3), and preventral length (HI=77.6) were similar to the characters of the R. pseudosericeus. Also four characters were appeared to have intermediate characters between R. pseudosericeus and R. notatus; number of gill rakers (HI=55.3), body depth (HI=67.9), snout length (HI=43.4), and inter orbital width (HI=44.8). The rest of 14 characters deviated between 0 and 100, showing unique characteristics of hybrid individuals. Recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) analysis, hybrids were identified as natural hybrids due to the overlapping peaks of their parent species. Also, as a result of analysis using the cytochrome b gene (COB), one individual was derived from R. pseudosericeus, while the other was derived from R. notatus.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.37 no.9
• /
• pp.664-671
• /
• 2014

MiR-217 can function as an oncogene or a tumour suppressor gene depending on cell type. However, the function of miR-217 in lung cancer remains unclear to date. This study aims to evaluate the function of miR-217 in lung cancer and investigate its effect on the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to cisplatin. The expression of miR-217 was detected in 100 patients by real-time PCR. The effects of miR-217 overexpression on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of SPC-A-1 and A549 cells were investigated. The target gene of miR-217 was predicted by Targetscan online software, screened by dual luciferase reporter gene assay and demonstrated by Western blot. Finally, the effects of miR-217 up-regulation on the sensitivity of A549 cells to cisplatin were determined. The expression of miR-217 was significantly lower in lung cancer tissues than in noncancerous tissues (p < 0.001). The overexpression of miR-217 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion as well as promoted the apoptosis of lung cancer cells by targeting KRAS. The up-regulation of miR-217 enhanced the sensitivity of SPC-A-1 and A549 cells to cisplatin. In conclusion, miR-217 suppresses tumour development in lung cancer by targeting KRAS and enhances cell sensitivity to cisplatin. Our results encourage researchers to use cisplatin in combination with miR-217 to treat lung cancer. This regime might lead to low-dose cisplatin application and cisplatin side-effect reduction.