• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to establish the concurrent validity of the Korean Occupational Balance Assessment(OBA) tool. Methods : This study was conducted on 1016 people from October 1 to October 25, 2019. Data collection was performed using OBA and Occupational Balance Questionnaire11(OBQ11). The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation. Results : There was a significant correlation between the scores of the three areas of OBA and the total score of OBQ11(p<.01). All three areas were analyzed with positive correlations. The time use area (r = .554) and occupation frequency area (r = .574) were found to be correlated. Most of the sub-factors in the occupation characteristics area (importance r = .582, goal achievement r = .633, enjoyment r = .649, health r = .650) were analyzed with high correlation. Conclusion : OBA has proven to be a valid and reliable assessment tool for measuring occupational balance. Further research needs to provide guideline on occupational balance for usefulness in clinical area.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.23-28
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• 2000

In this study, pool boiling performance of a structured enhanced tube for a flooded refrigerant evaporator was experimentally investigated. Tests were performed for three different refrigerants(R-11, R-123, R-l34a). Compared with the heat transfer coefficients of the smooth tube, the heat transfer coefficients of the enhanced tube were 6.6 times larger for R-11, 6.0 times larger for R-123 and 3.5 times larger for R-l34a, which are comparable with the performance of foreign products. The heat transfer coefficients of R-l34a was higher than those of R-11 or R-123, both for the enhanced tube and for the smooth tube. At 4.4$^\circ$C saturation temperature, however, the heat transfer coefficients of R-l34a was approximately the same as those of R-11. The effect of the saturation pressure on the boiling performance was similar to that of the smooth tube-the heat transfer coefficient increased as the saturation pressure increased.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.570-576
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• 2004

In this paper, we design the IFFT/FFT (Inverse fast Fourier Transform/Fast Fourier Transform) modules for IEEE 802.11a-1999, which is a standard of the High-speed Wireless LAN using the OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing). The designed IFFT/FFT is the 64-point FFT to be compatible with IEEE 802.11a and the pipelined architecture which needs neither serial-to-parallel nor parallel-to-serial converter. We compare four types of IFFT/FFT modules for the hardware complexity and operation : R22SDF (Radix-2 Single-path Delay feedback), the R2SDF (Radix-2 Single-path Delay feedback), R2SDF (Radix-4 Single-path Delay Feedback), and R4SDC (Radix-4 Single-path Delay Commutator). In order to minimize the error, we design the IFFT/FFT module to operate with additional decimal parts after butterfly operation. In case of the R22SDF, the IFFT/FFT module has 44,747 gate counts excluding RAMs and the minimized error rate as compared with other types. And we know that the R22SDF has a small hardware structure as compared with other types.

• BMB Reports
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.206-211
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• 2020

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are a unique cell type that has unusual plasticity controlled by environmental stimuli. As an abnormal increase of VSMC proliferation is associated with various vascular diseases, tight regulation of VSMC phenotypes is essential for maintaining vascular homeostasis. Hypoxia is one environmental stress that stimulates VSMC proliferation. Emerging evidence has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators in the hypoxic responses of VSMCs. Therefore, we previously investigated miRNAs modulated by hypoxia in VSMCs and found that miR-1260b is one of the most upregulated miRNAs under hypoxia. However, the mechanism that underlies the regulation of VSMCs via miR-1260b in response to hypoxia has not been explored. Here we demonstrated that hypoxia-induced miR-1260b promotes VSMC proliferation. We also identified growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, as a novel target of miR-1260b. miR-1260b directly targets the 3'UTR of GDF11. Downregulation of GDF11 inhibited Smad signaling and consequently enhanced the proliferation of VSMCs. Our findings suggest that miR-1260b-mediated GDF11-Smad-dependent signaling is an essential regulatory mechanism in the proliferation of VSMCs, and this axis is modulated by hypoxia to promote abnormal VSMC proliferation. Therefore, our study unveils a novel function of miR-1260b in the pathological proliferation of VSMCs under hypoxia.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.44-48
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to introduce and investigate the concept of fuzzy almost r-minimal continuous function between fuzzy minimal spaces and fuzzy topological spaces. Particularly, we investigate characterizations for the fuzzy almost r-minimal continuity by using generalized fuzzy r-open sets.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.296-300
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• 1990

For interspecific portoplast fusion, Brevibacterium flauum lOAHR (Rifr axg his) and Corynebacterium glutamicum 11TS ($Sm-r$ trp) were induced by UV and NTG treatment. The protoplast fusion frequency between E. flavum XOAHR and C. glutamicum llTS was $3.7\times 10^{-6}$ with the lysozyme treatment (300 P $\mu g$ml) for 18 hrs. Genotypes of recombinants were analized as FMM ($Rif^r\; Sm^r$), FA (Rift $Sm^r$ arg), FH ($Rif^r\; Sm^r$ his), FT ($Rif^r\; Sm^r$ trp), FAH ($Rif^r\; Sm^r$ arg trp), FAT ($Rif^r\; Sm^r$ arg trp), and FAHT ($Rif^r\; Sm^r$ arg his trp). FAH 1 produced 12 fold of glutamate production compared to parental type, E. flauum 10AHR. In glutamine productivity, it produced 2.6 fold to parental type, C. glutamicum 11TS. Production of glutamate or glutamine by recombinants was involved in the specific activities of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and glutamine synthetase (GS), respectively.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.2189-2205
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• 1991

Thermodynamic properties of binary nonazeotropic refrigerant mixtures are estimated by using a modified Carnhan-Starling equation of state. In this study, pure component refrigerants such as R14, R23, R13, R13 B1, R22, R12, R134a, R152a, R142b, RC318, R114, R11, R123 and R113 are chosen and the thermodynamic properties of enthalpy and entropy are calculated in terms of relevant variables. The modified Carnahan-Starling equation of state is compared with the carnahan-Staring-De Santis equation of sate. Results show that the relative errors become slightly smaller with the equation of state proposed in this study. Correlations are obtained for the mixtures of which the vapor liquid equilibruim data are available to us in the literature. Those mixtures are R14/R23, R23/R12, R13/R12, R13/R11, R13B1/R22, R13B1/RC318, R12/RC138, R12/R114 and R12/R11. The binary interaction coefficients are found under the condition of minimizing the pressure deviations at the vapor liquid equiblibrium state and the estimation of the vapor liquid equilibrium for the refrigerant mixtures is done. Pressure-enthalpy and temperature-entropy diagrams are plotted for the refrigerant mixtures of specific composition.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.1981-1990
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• 2017

Let R be a root system in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with Coxeter-Weyl group W and let k be a nonnegative multiplicity function on R. The generalized volume mean of a function $f{\in}L^1_{loc}(\mathbb{R}^d,m_k)$, with $m_k$ the measure given by $dmk(x):={\omega}_k(x)dx:=\prod_{{\alpha}{\in}R}{\mid}{\langle}{\alpha},x{\rangle}{\mid}^{k({\alpha})}dx$, is defined by: ${\forall}x{\in}\mathbb{R}^d$, ${\forall}r$ > 0, $M^r_B(f)(x):=\frac{1}{m_k[B(0,r)]}\int_{\mathbb{R}^d}f(y)h_k(r,x,y){\omega}_k(y)dy$, where $h_k(r,x,{\cdot})$ is a compactly supported nonnegative explicit measurable function depending on R and k. In this paper, we prove that for almost every $x{\in}\mathbb{R}^d$, $lim_{r{\rightarrow}0}M^r_B(f)(x)= f(x)$.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.18-25
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• 2016

Enhanced tubes are used widely in the evaporators of large tonnage compression-type refrigerators. The evaporators consist of tube bundles, and the refrigerant properties are dependent on the locations in the tube bundles. In particular, the saturation temperatures of low pressure refrigerants (R-11, R-123) are strongly dependent on the locations due to the saturation temperature-pressure curve characteristics. Therefore, for the proper design of evaporators, local property predictions of the refrigerants are necessary. In this study, a computer program that simulates the flooded refrigerant evaporators was developed. The program incorporated theoretical models to predict the refrigerant shell-side boiling heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops across the tube bundle. The program adopted an incremental iterative procedure to perform row-by-row calculations over the specified incremental tube lengths for each water-side pass. The program was used to simulate the flooded refrigerant evaporator of the "T" company operating with R-123, which yielded satisfactory results. The program was extended to predict the performance of the flooded refrigerant evaporator operating with R-11, R-123, and R-134a. The effects of bundle aspect ratio are investigated.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.99-109
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• 2001

Novel glucoconjugates phenolic moiety, 3-(methoxycarbonyl)-4-(hydroxyphenyl)-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside(4), 3-(methoxyacetyl)-4-(hydroxyphenyl)-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside(7), 4-(hydroxyphenyl)-$\beta$-D-ribofuranoside(11), were synthesized. In order to investigate their depigmentation effect, inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase and inhibitory activity of melanin synthesis in B16 melanoma cell were evaluated in vitro. Compound 11 showed 92.0$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖ of tyrosinase inhibitory activity whereas compound 4 and 7 showed very low activity not less than 300$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖. Inhibitory activities of melanin synthesis in B16 melanoma cell of compound 4, 7, and 11 were 8.7, 15.1, and 36.0%, respectively, at the concentration of 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎖. Inhibitory activity of compound 11 was much higher than that of arbutin at the same concentration.