• Spatial Information Research
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 1994

하천공간은 하천을 주제로한 주위의 모든 공간을 의미하는것인데, 하천환경의 정비와 관리 기본계획의 수립시 하천공간 자료의 효율적인 관리 및 분석이 필요하다. 하천공간 자료가 2차원성과 3차원성을 포함하기 때문에 지리정보시스셈을 구축하여 자료를 관리하고 필요한 분석을 실시하는것이 효율적이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 목적에 부합하여 시범적으로 한강의 동작대교에서 잠실철교까지 약 12Km의 구간을 지리정보시스템으로 구축하여 RSDB '93(River Space Database 93)이라 명명하였다. 여기서 사용한 S/W는 PC ARC/INFO이고 H/W386PC였다. 도형정보는 1 : 10,000서울특별시도를 이용하여 강, 고수부지, 주변 주요도로,수리구조물의 위치, 횡단도의 위치 등을 각각의 레이어로 하였고 속성정보로는 횡단측량자료, 하천이용현황자료, 하천생태계자료, 하천공작물자료, 문화사적자료, 수문자료, 수질자료, 인고위성사진을 입력하였다. 구축된 데이타베이스의 이용을 용이하게 하기 위하여 메뉴방식을 채택하였는데 이는 ARC/INFO 의 자체 Macro Language인 SML을 이용하였다. RSDB '93은 하천공간의 정비와 관리의 기법에 있어서 앞으로의 나아갈 방향을 제시하여준 시스템으로서 그 이용가능성은 높다고 할 수 있으며 차후에 국내의 모든 하천으로 대상범위가 확대되어져야 할 것이다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2009

Purpose: In this study, a Checklist for Infant and Child Developmental Screening (CICDS) was designed for use by primary pediatric health care providers to identify infants and children with developmental delays. Method: Each Item of the CICDS was constructed referring to existing tools. In 5 public health centers of B city, 500 infants and children were selected at the age of 2, 4, 6, 12, & 18 months and assessed between October and December 2006, CICDS and the Korea Denver II were compared to assesses the validity of the CICDS. Results: The CICDS consisted of 30 items in 4 areas; Personal-social, Fine motor-adaptive, Language, Gross motor. The results of the CICDS correlated significantly with the result of Korea Denver II at each month of age. (r=0.19; p<.01). Of the 500 infants and children, 148 were "suspect" for development delays (sensitivity of 96%, specificity 73%). On the CICDS, 74.6% of children received same result as Denver II. In discriminant analysis, 89.9% of children were identified correctly by CICDS (p<.01). Conclusion: CICDS could be a screening procedures to quickly and reliably identify infants with developmental delays. It also provides a mean of recording measurements of development characteristics.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.134-140
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• 2011

Objectives Postpartum blues is known to be a major risk factor for postpartum depression and can be associated with the problems of language skills, behaviors or learning skills of their children. Therefore, it is very important for clinicians to evaluate precisely and control postpartum blues. Recent studies have found that music has an effect on depressive mood and the frontal EEG asymmetry of the patients with depression. The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of music on the frontal EEG asymmetry of the mothers with postpartum blues. Method Among one hundred and seventy mothers assessed with Korean version of the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), nine mothers with postpartum blues (EPDS ${\geq}$ 10) as postpartum blues group and nine non-depressive mothers (EPDS < 10) as non-depressive mother group were included. Ten non-labored, non-depressive women were also included as a normal control group. The subjects were evaluated with the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)-X1, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Depression Adjective Checklist-Korean version (K-DACL) and EEG twice before and after the music sesssion with the length of twenty minutes and thirty two seconds. The statistical analyses were done for A1 score (log R - log L) which were computed from the alpha powers at F3 and F4. Results No significant difference was noted in demographic data among all three groups. The postpartum blues group had higher scores in the STAI-X1, the VAS and the K-DACL compared to the other groups at baseline, and their A1 scores were lower than those of only normal controls. There was a statistically significant increase of A1 score only in the postpartum blues group after the music session. Conclusion This study suggests that the mothers with postpartum blues may have a frontal EEG asymmetry which is possibly associated with their depressive mood, and the music session can affect the frontal asymmetry positively.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.92-97
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• 2004

Background and Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine objectively pre and post operative voice quality evaluation and intelligibility of alaryngeal voice using speech recognition program, HUVOIS. Materials and Methods : 2 laryngologists and 1 speech pathologist were evaluated 'G', 'R', 'B' in the GRBAS sclae and speech intelligibility using NTID rating scale from standard paragraph. And also acoustic estimates such as jitter, shimmer, HNR were obtained from Lx Speech Studio. Results : Speech recognition rate was not significantly different between pre and post operation for pathological vocie samples though voice quality(G, B) and acoustic values(Jitter, HNR) were significantly improved after post operation. In Alaryngeal voices, reed type electrolarynx 'Moksori' was the highest both speech intelligibility and speech recognition rate, whereas esophageal speech was the lowest. Coefficient correlation of speech intelligibility and speech recognition rate was found in alaryngeal voices, but not in pathological voices. Conclusion : Current study was not proved speech recognition program, HUVOIS during telephone program was not objective and efficient method for assisting subjective GRBAS scale.

• 인지과학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2000

인간의 자연스러운 대화에서는 생략 현상이 빈번하게 일어난다. 생략 어구로부터 화자의 의도를 파악하는 것은 쉽지가 않다. 생략 어구 자체만 가지고는 그것의 의미와 화자의 의도를 파악하기 힘들며 이전 발화들로부터 구성된, 혹은 영역에 내재된 맥락과의 연관성을 살펴보아야 하기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 Lambert가 제안한 3단계 계획기반 대화이해모델을 확장함으로써 한국어 대화에서 나타나는 생략 어구로부터 화자의 의도를 인식하는 모델을 제안한다. 먼저 Lambert의 모델에서 고려하지 않은, 생략 어구 형태의 발화를 통해 화자가 의도하는 담화 행위를 새로운 담화 recipe로 정의하여 추가하였다. 한국어에서는 조사가 화자의 의도를 나타내므로 이러한 특성을 이용하여 생략어구를 표층 화행으로 표현할 때, 조사 정보를 포함하여 화자의 의도 인식을 용이하게 함을 볼 수 있었다. 또한 객체와 초점화 이론을 제안하여, 생략 어구를 통해서 화자가 두 개의 계획을 비교하여 고려하는 의도를 인식할 수 있도록 했다.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제15D권3호
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• pp.355-360
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• 2008

복잡한 임베디드 시스템의 멀티태스킹 지원은 실시간 운영체제가 요구된다. 이종의 임베디드 시스템 개발 환경에서 각각의 시스템에 최적화 된 운영체제와 프로세서를 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 이종 임베디드 시스템 개발 시 기존의 크로스 컴파일러 대신, 운영체제의 API 정보 및 프로세서 레지스터 구성 정보의 UML 프로파일화 방식을 제안한다. 이는 각각의 임베디드 시스템에 적합한 프로파일을 이용해 이종의 시스템 개발 환경을 선택하여 자동 코드 발생을 통해 개발 기간 및 비용을 단축할 수 있다. 적용사례로서 이종 시스템 프로파일 정보를 이용해 이종의 실시간 운영체제 (brickOS와 uC/OS-II) 및 프로세서(Hitachi H8과 Intel PXA255)에 맞는 모델 및 코드를 생성하여 포팅 하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13호
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• pp.150-160
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• 1997

The tendency of the Minimalism in the contemporary a architecture is based on Mies van der Rohe s saying ‘나SS IS m more" as the principle of the Minimal art and its formative c composition. It can be divided into technical Minimalism p prevailed in Northern Europe and the zone of German l language, and the regional one in Southern Europe and S Southern America. The former is interested in the experiences of the techniques and materials, and the latter in that of the s space and the place through the simple forms. The minialistic approach to the architecture is nat only m methodological one. It accepts the concept and the construction of architecture as 2 axes for making it keeps the tradition and c communication with the master builder, the materials, and i염 m means to compound. The expressive characteristics of works in M Minimalism are 1) as the formal issue, it is simple, self-referring. without any symbol or any allusion, and compounds the r repetitive forms as the comceptual aspec않 of architecture, 2) it h has the characteristies such as the approach directly to the m means by which architecture made, the critical interests to the m material attributes, and the capacity to the contemporary t technology as the issue of technique and materials, 3) regarding t the space and the place, it shows the good sense to the site in t the sphere intervention of architecture 1e Maininlalism architecture has i않 impotance in the point t that it seeks to the qualities immanent in architecture by s showing the marvelous status through discovering the i immanent properties of the site, program materials, and the s structure, and also it begins new way of interpreting a architecture with new viewpoint to the its essence as well as a architecture itself.self.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.319-327
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• 2017

Studying the structural behavior of prestressed segmented girders is quite important due to the large use this type of solution in viaducts and bridges. Thus, this work presents a nonlinear three-dimensional structural analysis of an externally prestressed segmented concrete girder through the Finite Element Method (FEM), using a customized ANSYS platform, version 14.5. Aiming the minimization of the computational effort by using the lowest number of finite elements, a new viscoelastoplastic material model has been implemented for the structural concrete with the UPF customization tool of ANSYS, adding new subroutines, written in FORTRAN programming language, to the main program. This model takes into consideration the cracking of concrete in its formulation, being based on fib Model Code 2010, which uses Ottosen rupture surface as the rupture criterion. By implementing this new material model, it was possible to use the three-dimensional 20-node quadratic element SOLID186 to model the concrete. Upon validation of the model, an externally prestressed segmented box concrete girder that was originally lab tested by Aparicio et al. (2002) has been computationally simulated. In the discretization of the structure, in addition to element SOLID186 for the concrete, unidimensional element LINK180 has been used to model the prestressing tendons, as well as contact elements CONTA174 and TARGE170 to simulate the dry joints along the segmented girder. Stresses in the concrete and in the prestressing tendons are assessed, as well as joint openings and load versus deflection diagrams. A comparison between numerical and experimental data is also presented, showing a good agreement.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2663-2667
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• 2012

Objectives: An attempt was made to understand the nicotine dependence of smokers selected for an ongoing smoking cessation intervention programme in rural Kerala, India. Methods: Data were collected from resident males in the age group of 18 to 60 years from 4 randomly allocated community development blocks of rural Thiruvananthapuram district (2 intervention and 2 control groups). Trained accredited social health activist workers were utilised to collect data from all groups through face to face interview. Nicotine dependence among participants was assessed by means of the six-item Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) translated into the local language. The internal consistency of FTND was computed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Criterion validity (concurrent) was assessed by correlations of nicotine dependence scores with age at initiation of smoking and cumulative smoking volume in pack-years. Results: Among the 928 smokers identified, 474 subjects were in the intervention area (mean age = 44.6 years, SD = 9.66 years) and 454 in the control area (mean age = 44.5 years, SD = 10.30 years). The overall FTND score among current daily smokers was 5.04 (SD: 5.05). FTND scores in the control and intervention areas were 4.75 (SD: 2.57) and 4.92 (SD: 2.51) respectively. The FTND scores increased with age and decreased with higher literacy and socioeconomic status. The average FTND score was high among smokers using both bidi and cigarettes (mean 6.10, SD 2.17). Internal consistency analysis yielded a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.70 in a subsample of 150 subjects, a moderate result. The association of the scale was strongest, with the number of pack-years smoked (rho = 0.677, p < 0.001). Conclusion: A moderate level of nicotine dependence was observed among smokers in the current study. Tobacco cessation strategies could be made more cost effective and productive if a baseline assessment of nicotine dependence is completed before any intervention.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.3992-3998
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• 2013

본 논문은 고음질의 대용량 코퍼스 기반 음성 합성기에 감정 음성 코퍼스를 추가하여 보다 다양한 합성음을 생성할 수 있는 방법에 관한 것이다. 파형 접합형 합성기에서 사용할 수 있는 형태로 감정 음성 코퍼스를 구축하여 기존의 일반 음성 코퍼스와 동일한 합성단위 선택과정을 통해 합성음을 생성할 수 있도록 구현하였다. 감정 음성 합성을 위해 태그를 사용하여 텍스트를 입력하고, 억양구 단위로 일치하는 데이터가 존재하는 경우 감정 음성으로 합성하고, 그렇지 않은 경우 일반 음성으로 합성하도록 하였다. 그리고 음성에서 운율을 구성하는 요소로 휴지기(break)가 있는데, 감정 음성의 휴지기는 일반 음성보다 불규칙한 특성이 있다. 따라서 합성기에서 생성되는 휴지기 정보를 감정 음성 합성에 그대로 사용하는 것이 어려워진다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 가변 휴지기(Variable break)[3] 모델링을 적용하였다. 실험은 일본어 합성기를 사용하였고, 그 결과 일반 음성의 휴지기 예측 모듈을 그대로 사용하면서 자연스러운 감정 합성음을 얻을 수 있었다.