• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.820-824
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• 2004

An optical purity test was indirectly performed on (S)-ibuprofen as its diastereomeric (R)-(+)-1-phenylethylamide derivative using achiral gas chromatography (GC). The method for the determination of trace (R)-ibuprofen (optical impurity), within the range 1.0 to 50 ng, from a racemic ibuprofen standard was linear (r＝0.9997) with acceptable precision (％ $RSD{\leq}5.3$) and accuracy (％ RE＝0.7~-3.9). Similar results were obtained with the method validation for the quantification of (S)-ibuprofen within the range 0.1 to 2.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$ using a (S)-ibuprofen stan-dard. When applied to seven different commercial (S)-ibuprofen products, their optical purities (98.7~99.1％) were determined with good precision (％ $RSD{\leq}4.0$).

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.783-787
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• 2007

Nowadays, vehicle becoming necessity is increasing gradually and is main cause of environmental problem. The current automobile noise measurement test method such as ISO 362 which have been used many countries contribute seriously to enforce the regulation of the noise rigidly and actively study vehicle's noise, using that method. However, the amendment of ISO 362 was completed under the international agreement due to the changes in vehicle's techniques and road conditions. In this study, the difference between the current ISO 362(or ECE R51) and new ISO 362(or new ECE R51) is estimated by the test using the practical car producing domestically because the Korean manufacturer have to be interested in new test method.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2003년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.241-244
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• 2003

The world largest 21.3" LTPS LCD has been successfully developed using SLS crystallization technology. Successful integration of gate circuit, transmission gate and level shifter was performed in a large area uniformly. Uniformity and high performance from high quality grains of SLS technology make it possible to come true a uniform large size LTPS TFT-LCD with half number of data driver IC's used in typical a-Si LCD. High aperture ratio of 65% was obtained using an organic inter insulating method, which lead a high brightness of 500cd/cm2.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.243-254
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• 1992

불균형 자료 분석에 대해서는 일찍이 Brown(1932)과 Yates(1934)의 연구 이에 Finney(1948), Stevens(1948), Henderson(1953), Kramer(1955)등 많은 사람들이 관심을 가지고 연구하였고 Searle(1971, 1977, 1981)은 R(v) 표기법으로 모형식의 상수적합에 의한 변동을 나타내었으며 Hocking과 Speed(1975), Speed와 Hocking (1976)이 사용한 제한들을 $\Sigma$ -, W-, O-restrictions라고 하였다. 또한 Speed등(1978)은 비가중평균법(method of unweighted means), 평균의 가중제곱법(method of weighted squares of means), 상수적합법 (method of fitting constants), Overall- Spiegel법, Henderson방법 등을 비교설명하고 Burdick 등(1974)은 각 변동을 기하학적으로 해석하려 하였다. 백(1987a,1987b)은 SAS 팩키지에 의한 변동을 설명하였고 장(1988)도 Searle(1977, 1981)의 방법을 이용하여 가설검정과 변동을 검토한바 있다. 본 연구에서는 여러 가지 모형에 대하여 $n_{ij} > 0, 또는 n_{ij} \geq 0$ 인 경우에 변동계산과 W-, $\Sigma$-, O- 제한 조건하에서의 변동과 가설을 재조명해 보고져 한다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.177-181
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• 1994

담자균류 균심류의 영지과에 속하는 잔나비걸상(Ganoderma applanatum)과 구멍장이 버섯과에 속하는 좀구멍버섯 (Schizopora paradoxa) 두 종의 5S rRNA 염기서열들을 (EMBL accession mumbers X73589 and X73890) directchemical method로 분석 결정하고 담자균류 균심류와 복균류의 기존에 밝혀진 9종 버섯의 염기서열과 비교하였다. 잔나비걸상과 좀구멍버섯의 5S rRNA는 각각 118개의 염기로 구성되어 있으며 B형 5S rRNA에 해당하였고 Huysmans 등이 제시한 2차구조의 모델에 들어 맞으며 Walker와 Doolittle이 제시한 제 5 염기서열군에 속하였다. 진화거리를 나타내는 Kimura의 염기치환상수 $K_{nuc}$값에 으하면 잔나비걸상과 가장 가까운 좋은 고약버석과의 Ceratobasidium cornigerum으로서 염기 3개의 차이를 보였으며 좀구멍버섯과 가장 가까운 좋은 구멍장이 보섯과의 줄버섯(Bjerkandera adusta)으로서 염기 두개의 차이를 보였다.11개 5S rRNA의 이차구조를 비교하였을때 염기의 치환은 loop 부분보다는 helix 부분에서 많이 일어났으며, 이는 helix 부분이 loop 부분보다는 진화적으로 덜 보존되어 있고 진화 분지를 형성하는데 보다 많은 영향을 주었음을 시사하였다. Kimura의 two parameter method로 계산된distance matrix를 사용하고 Felsenstein PHYLIP package의 Neighbor program에서 Neighborjpomomg option을 이용하여 계통수를 그렸을 때 균심류의 버섯들은 부분적으로 목별로 구분되었다. 균심류의 민주름버섯목에는 적어도 먹물버섯류(Coprinus radiatus)를 제외한 2개의 계통분지가 있고 주름버섯목에도 2개의 계통 분지가 있으며, 복균류에는 말불버섯(Lycoperdon pyriforme)이 독립된 계통분지를 형성하고 있음을 시사하였다.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국약용작물학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.91-92
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• 2007

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.566-578
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• 2000

This study was conducted to ascertain infant's sleep and feeding patterns for the purpose of building up the positive parent-child relationship and setting up a preliminary parenting education program. The subjects were 16 infants who were cared for in their houses. The data was collected using NCASA developed by Barnard et al. from October 1st to December 3lth, 1999. The analysis of data was done with SPSSWIN for descriptive statistics and t-test, ANOVA, Correlation Analysis. The result were as follows: 1. The average day sleep of the infant was 9.51 hours, night sleep was 6.27 hours, and total sleep was 15.84 hours. The longest period of day sleep was 3.02 hours, and the longest period of night sleep was 3.72 hours. The regularity of day sleep was 34.78%, night sleep was 61.72% and total was 43.76%. 2. The frequency of daytime feeding was 5.13 times, nighttime was 2.44 times and total was 7.38 times. The regularity of feeding was 52.14%. 3. In the correlation between sleep and feeding patterns, night sleep was negatively correlated with feeding method(r=-.52, P<0.05), the longest period of day sleep was negatively correlated with feeding method(r=-.73, P<0.001), feeding frequency(r=-.60, P<0.05), the regularity of feeding(r=-.70, P<0.001). The longest period of night sleep was negatively correlated with feeding frequency (r=-.53, P<0.05). Feeding method was positively correlated with feeding frequency(r=.71, P<0.001), the regularity of feeding(r=.57, P<0.05). Day sleep was positively correlated with total sleep(r=.93, P<0.001), the regularity of total sleep was positively correlated with the longest period of day sleep(r=.54, P<0.05), total sleep(r=.65, P<0.001). The regularity of feeding was positively correlated with feeding method(r=.57, P<0.05), total feeding frequency(r=.50, P<0.05), the frequency of daytime feeding(r=.61, P<0.05). Feeding method was positively correlated with total feeding frequency(r=.71, P<0.001). In conclusion, the study showed that infants slept more in the nighttime than in the daytime, but after 3 months the pattern changed and showed that nighttime sleep was increased. Also the regularity of night sleep was increased with the infant's age. Total feeding frequency was decreased with the infant's age, and the regularity of feeding was increased in infants who slept shorter periods in the daytime than in the nighttime.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제41회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.361-361
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• 2011

Cu(InGa)(SeS2) (CIGS) thin film solar cells have recently reached an efficiency of 20%. Recent studies suggest a double graded band gap structure of the CIGS absorber layer to be a key issue in the production of high efficiency thin film solar cell using by sputtering process method. In this study, Cu(InGa)(SeS2) absorbers were manufactured by selenization and surfulization, we have deposited CIG precusor by sputtering and Se layer by evaporation before selenization. The objective of this study is to find out surfulization effects to improve Voc and to compare with non-surfulization Cu(InGa)Se2 absorbers. Even if we didn't analysis Ga depth profile of Cu(InGa)(SeS2) absorbers, we confirmed increasing of Eg and Voc through surlization process. In non-surfulization Cu(InGa)Se2 absorbers, Eg and Voc are 0.96eV and 0.48V. Whereas Eg and Voc of Cu(InGa)(SeS2) absorbers are 1.16eV and 0.57V. And the efficiency of 9.58% was achieved on 0.57cm2 sized SLG substrate. In this study, we will be discussed to improve Eg and Voc through surfulization and the other method without H2S. gas.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2012

Separate extraction of source ($R_S$) and drain ($R_D$) resistances caused by process, layout variations and long term degradation is very important in modeling and characterization of MOSFETs. In this work, we propose "Avalanche Hot-Source Method (AHSM)" for simple separated extraction of $R_S$ and $R_D$ in a single device. In AHSM, the high field region near the drain works as a new source for abundant carriers governing the current-voltage relationship in the MOSFET at high drain bias. We applied AHSM to n-channel MOSFETs as single-finger type with different channel width/length (W/L) combinations and verified its usefulness in the extraction of $R_S$ and $R_D$. We also confirmed that there is a negligible drift in the threshold voltage ($V_T$) and the subthreshold slope (SSW) even after application of the method to devices under practical conditions.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.186-190
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• 2010

The chromosome number was identified and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) mapping of 5S and 45S rDNAs were conducted for C. minima and C. lanceolata in the genus Codonopsis from Jeju island. In this study, we have confirmed that the somatic metaphase chromosome number determined as 2n=2x=16 was the same as the findings from the previous studies. While the conventional staining method makes it rather difficult to distinguish satellite chromosomes due to high degree of variability, FISH analysis produced the exact number and location of 5S and 45S rDNAs. Both species in the genus Codonopsis have a pair of 5S rDNA and their gene loci were observed on chromosome 3. Although two pairs of 45S rDNAs (one on chromosome 1 and the other on chromosome 8) were identified in both species, the 45S rDNA signals on chromosome 8 in C. minima were significantly weaker than those on chromosome 1. In addition, the 45S rDNA signals on chromosome 1 in C. lanceolata showed that the chromosome is non-homologus. In this study, we have determined cytogenetic characteristics of C. minima and C. lanceolata according to their gene replication patterns.