• Current Photovoltaic Research
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.107-110
• /
• 2022

Lightweight and flexible photovoltaic (PV) modules are attractive for building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) applications because of their easy construction and applicability. In this study, we fabricated lightweight and flexible c-Si PV modules using ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) front cover and shingled design string cells. The ETFE front cover instead of glass made the PV modules lighter in weight, and the shingled design string cells increased the flexibility. Finally, we fabricated a PV module with a conversion power of 240.08 W at an area of 1.25 m² and weighed only 2 kg/m². Moreover, to check the PV module's flexibility, we conducted a bending test. The difference of conversion power between the modules before and after bending shown was only 1.7 W, which showed a power reduction rate of about 0.7%.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.71-90
• /
• 2015

This article aims to explore the performance evaluation framework for assessing the contribution of national research and development(R&D) program to productivity growth. The key idea starts with the development of methodology for evaluating the returns to R&D. The method of this study is based on the comparison of productivity growth between different periods, not cross-sectional approach with one period. In this context, backward effect and forward effect are operationally defined as a measurement for contributions of R&D in this paper. The analysis results gives that the backward effect of R&D is greater than the forward effect, while the difference was especially evident with the case of sales variable, not operating profit variable.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2010.04a
• /
• pp.597-600
• /
• 2010

소프트웨어 재사용(Software Reuse)은 소프트웨어 생산성을 높이는 방법임에도 불구하고 내장형 소프트웨어 개발 분야에서의 적용은 많은 어려움이 있다. 내장형 소프트웨어는 개발된 소프트웨어의 실행환경이 서로 다르고, 하드웨어 의존성이 높기 때문이다. 국방 분야에서의 내장형 소프트웨어는 보안성이라는 특성상 타 프로젝트의 모범사례를 적용하는 데는 정보 공유의 어려움이 있어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 MIL-STD-498에 기반하여 국방 분야의 내장형 소프트웨어 재사용 프로세스에 관해 연구하고 적용 결과를 제시하였다.

• Economic Analysis
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.103-130
• /
• 2011

This paper intends to provide applied economists which study the effects of research and development with valuable information on econometric model selection. It includes extensive discussion on econometric models which have been applied for the study on the relationship between research and development and productivity. In particular, it compares various stochastic production frontier models which have been developed recently. The discussion decomposes them into models with scaling property and the ones with nonscaling property as well as models with monotonic and nonmonotonic relationships between research and development and productivity. Finally, this paper applies the models to two different panel data sets (firm level data and country level data) and compare estimation results from competing econometric models.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.16-22
• /
• 2022

The long-term stability of PSCs against visual and UV light, moisture, electrical bias and high temperature is an important issue for commercialization. In particular, since the operation temperature of solar cell can rise above 85℃, a study on thermal stability is required. In this study, the cause of thermal-induced degradation of PSCs was investigated using the SCAPS-1D simulation tool. First, PSCs of TiO₂/CH₃NH₃PbI₃/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au structure were exposed to a constant temperature of 85℃ to observe changes in conversion efficiency and quantum efficiency. Because the EQE reduction above 500 nm was remarkable, we simulated PSCs performance as a function of lifetime, doping density of perovskite and spiro-OMeTAD. Consequently, the main cause of thermal-induced degradation is considered to be the change in the perovskite doping concentration and lifetime due to ion migration of perovskite.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
• /
• 2001.06a
• /
• pp.157-174
• /
• 2001

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.269-283
• /
• 2005

Research and Development projects sponsored by the government are one of the main production sectors of academic and research information in domestic area. The access control and information service of R&D outcomes should be considered as a critical factor of nation-wide knowledge-based IS management. This study focused on the practical utilities of three IPR legislations of the government projects and analyzed if they are good enough to support the information service in recent digital network environment. Some suggestions in different perspectives were provided for the improvement of the existed IPR legislation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.528-534
• /
• 2010

In the new growth theory, R&D stock is the third factor of production excluding a labor and capital. In this point, a R&D stock is located in a capital which is accumulated by money like existing capital and this is a knowledge capital. The effort for escalating this knowledge capital is R&D investment and R&D stock is an accumulation of this. A contribution degree of the economic growth and a return of R&D investments are analyzed by an estimation of relation R&D stock and a total factor of productivity. This study analyzed R&D stock of railroad R&D investments and compared R&D stock with a technical level. So, a technical level is proportionally escalated following escalation of R&D stock. and compared railroad industry weight on the GDP with a railroad R&D stock weight on whole industries R&D stock. According to a relatively small railroad R&D stock weight against the railroad industry weight, a continuous railroad R&D investment is needed.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.187-196
• /
• 2007

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary single or mixed supplementation of plant extract, fermented medicinal plants and Lactobacillus on performance, nutrient availability, blood characteristics, cecal microflora and intestinal digestive enzymes activity in broiler chickens and to prove the possibility of plant derived compounds and Lactobacillus as an antibiotic growth promoter alternative. A total of eight hundred forty, 1-d-old male broiler chicks (Ross strain) were randomly divided into 7 groups with 4 replicates of 30 birds each. The treatments were NC (antibiotic-free diet), PC (basal diet with 0.05% antibiotics and 0.03% anticoccidials), PE (basal diet with 0.1% plant extract), FMP (basal diet with 0.1% fermented medicinal plants), LB (basal diet with 0.1% probiotics), PE+LB (basal diet with 0.1% plant extract and 0.1% probiotics) and FMP+LB (basal diet with 0.1% fermented medicinal plants and 0.1% probiotics). The final body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion rate in all treated groups tended to be improved or significantly improved as compared to those of NC (P<0.05). PE was significantly high in the final body weight, body weight gain of all treated groups (P<0.05). But the growth performance was significantly lower in all treated groups except PE than PC (P<0.05). No synergic effect in growth performance was found when plant extracts and Lactobacillus were mixed and fed to broilers. The ratio of albumin to globulin was significantly lower in all groups than NC (P<0.05). And the stress indicator (lymphocyte/heterophil ratio) of NC was significantly reduced than other treatments (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed on the numbers of cecal microbes and Lactobacillus. The number of cecal E. coli and Salmonella in FMP and LB were significantly reduced (P<0.05). The activity of intestinal digestive enzymes except to sucrase of treated groups significantly decreased compare to those of controls (P<0.05). These results suggest the possibility that plant extracts and Lactobacillus could be used as the alternative of antibiotic growth promoters by improving the performance of broiler chicks.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2012.11a
• /
• pp.1475-1478
• /
• 2012

고도의 지능화가 요구되는 디지털 전력시스템의 R&D SW를 개발하기 위해서는 감시, 제어, 최적화 등 다양한 SW 간의 상호 데이터 및 서비스의 더욱 긴밀한 연계가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 전력분야 R&D SW의 개발 생산성을 높이고 품질을 확보할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, SW간 데이터 및 서비스의 상호 운용성을 강화할 수 있는 Java OSGi 기반의 SW 표준프레임워크(KSF)를 제안하고, 공통모듈 서비스 및 기초UI를 설계하였다.