• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.36-54
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• 2023

Objectives: This study was aimed to develop a Korean Medicine (KM) clinical practice guideline (CPG) of Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy (NVP). Methods: We conducted a questionnaire survey targeting KM doctors belonging to the Association of Korean Medicine by e-mail. We received 1,023 responds, and analyzed the answers. Results: 1. 83.0% of respondents knew the concepts and contents of CPG, and 98.1% had practical use plan. 2. 82.1% of respondents used pattern identification diagnosis for NVP patients, and the most commonly diagnosed pattern was spleen-stomach weakness (脾胃虛弱) with 41.3%. 3. The most frequently used treatment for NVP patients was KM combined treatment (46.7%). Herbal medicine+acupuncture (46.8%) was most used among KM combined treatments, and herbal medicine (37.1%) was most used among KM single treatments. 4. Among the contents of CPG for NVP, the fields of interest were selected in the order of KM treatment, KM-Western medicine cooperative treatment, KM diagnosis, prevention and regimen management. In the 'diagnosis part', the use of the symptom evaluation scale questionnaire was 41.8%, higher than the KM pattern diagnosis (34.4%). In the 'treatment part', herbal medicine accounted for 33.8%, higher than that of acupuncture (including electro-acupuncture) at 23.7%. 5. As for the expected development effects, opinions on evidence-based, safety, clinical use, and standardization were the most common. Conclusions: We figured out KM doctors' recognition of KM clinical practice guideline, clinical diagnosis, treatment on NVP to make the contents of the CPG reflecting the clinical situation.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.23-34
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• 2017

Objectives : The aim of this study was to survey the present utilization of pattern identification(PI) by chronic disease and using PI system in the clinical field among Korean medicine doctors. Methods : This survey was conducted from Oct. 1 to Oct. 31, 2014 by face-to-face interview using structured questionnaire. The subjects were 400 Korean medicine doctors who worked in hospitals or clinics. The questionnaire consisted of whether use clinical experience by chronic disease and the utilization of PI, the utilization of PI systems, the PI utilization rate, and the correlation between utilization PI and so on. General elements consisted of sex, age, clinical experience, place of work, district and so on. Results and Conclusions : This study revealed that clinical experience by chronic disease used 24.0-90.8%. The most chronic diseases were chronic fatigue and chronic pain, and least disease was cancer. Experience of the utilization of PI among Korean medicine doctors who have clinical experience was 87.8-97.1%. Also, the most utilized disease was chronic gastritis & gastric ulcer, and least disease was dyslipidemia. In this case, the most common cases were using the one PI between the utilization of PI systems, and the utilization ratio of Visceral PI was the highest. Phi coefficient between the PI systems in chronic diseases divided into positive correlation and negative correlation. The correlation of dementia between Triple energizer PI and Six excesses PI was the highest at positive correlation, and the frequency of occurrence between Defense, Qi, Nutrient and Blood PI was the highest at positive correlation. The correlation of osteoarthropathy between Meridian and Collateral PI and Sasang Constitutional Medicine was the highest at negative correlation. Also the frequency of occurrence between Qi, Blood, Fluid and Humor PI and Sasang Constitutional Medicine was the highest at negative correlation. We hope that additional studies on systematic PI research of chronic disease which needed to be in korean oriental medicine and meet the needs of clinical consumer continue based on this study.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.955-970
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this observational study was to identify and analyze the patterns to compare the characteristics of asthma patients. Methods: The subjects were 40 asthma patients who had satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were divided into deficiency syndrome and excess syndrome groups, and cold syndrome and heat syndrome groups. Their quality of life was measured by the quality of life questionnaire for adult Korean asthmatics (QLQAKA) and VAS. Heart rate variability (HRV) was measured, and the degree of obesity was evaluated by body mass index (BMI). Hematological, biochemical, and immunoglobulin (Ig) E laboratory tests were included. Results: Based on pattern identification, the 40 asthma patients could be divided into two categories of groups: 1) the deficiency syndrome (N=18) and the excess syndrome (N=22) groups: 2) the cold syndrome (N=35) and the heat syndrome (N=5) groups. The mean value of HF differed significantly between the deficiency and excess syndrome groups. The mean value of IgE in blood tests of asthmatics was greater than four times the reference value. For BMI, the subjects were classified into three groups: normal weight (N=12), overweight (N=12), and obese (N=16). Conclusions: Development of a more accurate asthma-specific pattern identification tool could play a crucial role in asthma control. In addition, good control of asthma can improve the quality of life. Obesity is one of the factors associated with asthma exacerbation.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.105-121
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• 2022

Objectives: It is a statistical analysis study to examine the results of CaPSPI (Diagnostic System for Climacteric and Postmenopausal Syndrome Pattern Identification), developed for objective defecation of climacteric and postmenopausal syndrome. Methods: Total 341 people's questionnaire responses were statistically analyzed. 275 people involved in developing CaPSPI 2018 (E) and 146 people involved in 2019-2020 study of research1,3). Results: The frequency of diagnosis for examination was the highest at liver depression, 93.8% for 320 times, the lowest at heartheat, 62.8% for 214 times. The frequency of treatment for examination was the highest at liver depression, 54.3% for 185 times, and the lowest at dual deficiency of heart-spleen, 16.7% for 57 times. The diagnosis ratio was the lowest at dual deficiency of heart-spleen, 19.72%, and the highest at liver depression, 57.81%. As a result of comparing these diagnoses with the Kupperman's index, all showed significant differences. As a result of comparing these disease elements, all showed significant differences. The correlation between diagnosis and dialectic elements was found to have similar results with the korean medical pathology, and in 7 dialectics except for heartheat, the treatment version was more severe or progressing to perjury than for examination. Conclusions: The CaPSPI shows the characteristics of korean medicine well, and it is needed to utilize the high correlative disease elements to upgrade the system.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.175-202
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted towards developing a screening tool for syndrome differentiation in the diagnosis of menopause in menopausal and perimenopausal women. Methods: We conducted a literature review of studies on menopausal diagnosis based on syndrome differentiation, and examined well-founded differentiated syndromes and their respective clinical symptoms. Based on the findings, we created a questionnaire through consultations with Oriental medicine experts in physiology, pathology, and diagnostics. Finally, the research team conducted an expert Delphi study on differentiated syndromes and the associated clinical symptoms. Results: Seven differentiated syndromes were selected, including Liver Depression (肝鬱), Kidney Yin Deficiency (腎陰虛), Kidney Yang Deficiency (腎陽虛), Liver and Kidney Yin Deficiency (肝腎陰虛), Kidney Yin and Yang Deficiency (腎陰陽兩虛), Heart-Kidney Noninteraction (心腎不交), and Dual Deficiency of Heart and Spleen (心脾兩虛); 4 disease locations, including liver (肝), heart (心), spleen (脾), and kidney (腎); and 3 disease natures, including Yin Deficiency (陰虛), Qi Stagnation (氣滯), and Blood Deficiency (血虛). In addition, we added 3 supplemental disease natures, including Yang Deficiency (陽虛), Qi Deficiency (氣虛), and Heat (火熱), in consideration of syndrome differentiation categories that may possibly be added in a follow-up clinical questionnaire. Conclusions: This resulted in a total of 7 differentiated syndromes, 4 disease locations, and 6 disease natures. We translated the clinical symptoms of these 17 categories into Korean Hangeul. After consulting with 5 Oriental medicine experts and a psychology expert, we produced a questionnaire for use in diagnosing menopause based on syndrome differentiation. The calculation of scores for the syndrome differentiation screening tool will be confirmed through clinical research based on the results of a review of existing literature.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.314-323
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• 2016

Objectives: Time location data are critical for accurately estimating personal exposures. This review papers summarized various measurement methods of time location pattern for air pollution exposure assessment. Methods: Forty manuscripts (papers, books and reports) were reviewed to comprehensively describe time location measurement methods. Results: This review included traditional methods such as time activity diary, questionnaire, observation, focus group and newly developed technical methods including global positioning system, web, radio frequency identification and ultrasound detection. Some research applied a combination of methods. Conclusion: Although various methods have been used to collect time location data, further development of accurate measurement methods for time location data is needed.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.213-223
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• 2020

본 논문은 제2형 양극성 장애 환자에게 한의학적 변증체계와 함께 IPSRT의 심리 치료 기법을 적용한 증례이다. 제2형 양극성 장애 환자에게 한의치료와 IPSRT를 4개월간 병용한 결과, 환자의 사회적 리듬, 우울증 및 대인관계 능력이 개선되었으며 4개월후 추적조사에서도 호전상태가 유지되었다. 향후 양극성 장애 환자에 대한 높은 근거수준의 한의 임상연구 수행과 한의표준임상진료지침의 개발 등을 통해 양극성장애에 한의치료가 보다 활발히 활용되기를 기대한다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.97-109
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• 2017

Objectives The aim of this study is to analyze the patients who have low back pain through registry. Methods We registered patients with low back pain who visited department of korean rehabilitation medicine in university hospitals on study. We collected data from 116 subjects consisted of 51 inpatients and 65 outpatients and ruled out 8 who didn't have pattern identification data at the point of inpatient or outpatient visit so we analyzed 108 in total. We used Pearson's product moment correlation to find correlationship among variables, and analyzed statistical data using Phyton scipy library stats package. Results We set general features, region of the pain, physical examination, ROM, questionnaire results, pattern identification as variables and draw a conclusion by analyzing these variables. Conclusions Registry aimed at low back pain patients was established in department of korean rehabilitation medicine of university hospitals and exploratory analysis based on data were made. Through the registry, we expect that more advanced studies will be performed; for example, executing research which verifies effectiveness and stability of korean medical treatment or developing tools to fill the gap between pattern identification and disease identification.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.76-81
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to build the diagnosis criteria of Qi deficiency using distribution of sum of 11 items for Qi deficiency in stroke patients. Between September 2006 and December 2010, 2,994 patients from 11 Korean medical hospitals were asked to complete the Korean Standard Pattern Identification for Stroke (K-SPI-Stroke) questionnaire as a part of project 'Fundamental study for the standardization and objectification of pattern identification in traditional Korean medicine for stroke (SOPI-Stroke). Each patient was independently diagnosed by two experts (traditional Korean medicine physicians) from the same site according to one of five patterns. 2,994 patients were divided modeling and testing in 70:30 ratio by stratification of pattern identification. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and odds ratio (OR) using distribution of sum of 11 items (signs and symptoms) for Qi deficiency. More than four from 11 items of Qi deficiency in modeling dataset, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and OR was 70.07%, 74.94%, 73.92% and 7.00, respectively. In testing dataset, 78.31%, 73.45%, 74.47% and 9.98, respectively. Although this values are not high, after values of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and OR should be more than current value, and then we should be able to suggest as objective diagnosing criteria.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.80-94
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to re-evaluate the importance of questions of obesity syndrome differentiation (OSD) questionnaire based on real-world survey and to explore the possibility of simplifying OSD types. Methods: The OSD frequency was identified, and variance threshold feature selection was performed to filter the questions. Filtered questions were clustered by K-means clustering and hierarchical clustering. After principal component analysis (PCA), the distribution patterns of the subjects were identified and the differences in the syndrome distribution were compared. Results: The frequency of OSD in spleen deficiency, phlegm (PH), and blood stasis (BS) was lower than in food retention (FR), liver qi stagnation (LS), and yang deficiency. We excluded 13 questions with low variance, 7 of which were related to BS. Filtered questions were clustered into 3 groups by K-means clustering; Cluster 1 (17 questions) mainly related to PH, BS syndromes; Cluster 2 (11 questions) related to swelling, and indigestion; Cluster 3 (11 questions) related to overeating or emotional symptoms. After PCA, significant different patterns of subjects were observed in the FR, LS, and other obesity syndromes. The questions that mainly affect the FR distribution were digestive symptoms. And emotional symptoms mainly affect the distribution of LS subjects. And other obesity syndrome was partially affected by both digestive and emotional symptoms, and also affected by symptoms related to poor circulation. Conclusions: In-depth data mining analysis identified relatively low importance questions and the potential to simplify OSD types.