• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1463-1467
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• 2016

Background: The incidence of breast cancer is rapidly increasing in Yemen with recent indications of constituting one-third of female cancers. The main problem in Yemen remains very late presentation of breast cancer, most of which should have been easily recognisable. Since stage of disease at diagnosis is the most important prognostic variable, early diagnosis is an important option to be considered for control of breast cancer in low resourced settings like Yemen. In the present study, we aimed at describing breast cancer knowledge, perceptions and breast self-examination (BSE) practices among a sample of Yemeni women. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study covered 400 women attending four reproductive health centres in Aden, Yemen through face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire during April - July 2014. We collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge about breast cancer, and screening practices as well as respondents' perceptions based on the five sub scales of the Health Belief Model (HBM): perceived susceptibility; perceived severity; perceived barriers; perceived benefits; and self-efficacy. The response format was a five-point Likert scale. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 20) was used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Logistic regression analysis was conducted with BSE as a dependent variable. Results: The mean age of women was 26.5 (S.D=5.6) years. The majority (89.0%) had never ever performed any screening. Two-thirds of respondents had poor knowledge. Perceived BSE benefits and self-efficacy and lower BSE barriers perception were significant independent predictors of BSE practice. Conclusions: Poor knowledge and inadequate BSE practices are prevailing in Yemen. The need for implementing culturally sensitive targeted education measures is mandatory in the effort to improve early detection and reduce the burden of breast cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6289-6294
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• 2012

Background: Research evidence suggests a debilitating impact of the diagnosis of cancer on the quality of life of the afflicted individuals, their spouses and their families. However, relatively few studies have been carried out on the impact on the QOL of adolescents living with parents diagnosed with cancer. This paper presents a sub-analysis on the impact of parental cancer (colorectal, breast and lung) on adolescents. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study on adolescents aged 13-18 years old. Upon ethical clearance obtained from UMMC Medical Ethics Committee, patients with colorectal, breast or lung cancer and their adolescent children were recruited from the Clinical Oncology Unit of University of Malaya Medical Centre. Respondents who gave consent completed a demographic questionnaire and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, via the post, email, home visit or meetings at the clinics. Results: 95 adolescents from 50 families responded, giving a response rate of 88 percent. The adolescent's mean age was 16 years (ranging between 13-18 years). Adolescents with parental cancer had the lowest mean score in emotional functioning (p<0.05). Male adolescents had significantly higher quality of life overall and in physical functioning compared to female adolescents. Adolescents with a father with cancer had better school functioning compared to adolescents whose mothers had cancer. Families with household income of RM 5000 and above have significantly better quality of life compared to families with lower household income. Conclusions: Adolescent sons and daughters of parents with a cancer diagnosis show lowered QOL, particularly with reference to emotional functioning and school performance. Addressing the needs of this young group has been slow and warrants special attention. Revisiting the risk and resilience factors of adolescents might also inform tailored programs to address the needs of this neglected adolescent population.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3663-3667
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• 2012

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the hepatitis C virus (HCV) are still public health problems in Yemen, with older individuals having much higher prevalence than younger generations. However, research on the prevalence of viral hepatitis in association with hepatocellular cancer (HCC) has not yet been undertaken in Yemen. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection among HCC patients and to estimate the risk of these infections being associated with the development of HCC. A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients attending oncology outpatient in Sana'a, Yemen, through the period 2008-mid 2010 with confirmed diagnosis of HCC. A total of 88 cases were studied thoroughly with different investigations such as CT-scan, ultrasound, tumour marker, alpha-feto-protein and histopathological biopsy. A structured questionnaire was also applied and physical examination done to assess the general condition of the patients. Statistical package (SPSS version 16) was used for analysis of the data. The mean age of the cases was 61.2 years (${\pm}12.6$) with half over 60 years. There were fewer male patients (36%) compared to females and most (97%) only had basic /no formal education. Seventy nine (89%) were diagnosed as HCC cases with histopathological biopsy while the rest were diagnosed by ultrasound, CT scan, tumour marker, and alpha-feto-protein. Around one-third of the subjects were positive for HBsAg and HCV antibodies. Multivariate analysis showed infection with HCV and use of smoking was associated with HCC diagnosis. Although an association was observed between the occurrence of HCC and viral hepatitis (either HBV or HCV) and cigarette smoking, but the rate of viral infection was lower than what has been reported elsewhere.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.96-108
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• 2020

Through the case analysis of the college start-up education consulting operated by the Center for Start-up Education, this study presented the direction of Uni. start-up education, such as regular subjects, comparative studies, commercialization of start-up businesses, and supporting infrastructure, and understood the meaning of start-up education. This study was conducted in three stages of literature research at 10 universities, pre-diagnosis questionnaire for practitioners, and visiting consulting, and presented design direction by separating universities (four-year colleges) and colleges of specialties. Universities (four-year colleges) need to make continuous efforts to create a specialized start-up valley for universities and start-up businesses using infrastructure with existing quantitative growth, and colleges need to establish professional and infrastructure for start-up education to suit the characteristics of their departments. In addition, it was urgent to introduce differentiated evaluation indicators for universities (four-year colleges) and colleges.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.142-146
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• 2007

Objectives and Backgrounds : After parotidectomy, some of patients complain gustatory sweating, facial flushing and discomfort in the same area. A series of these symptoms are supposed to be caused by the aberrant regeneration of the secretory parasympathetic fibers to sweat glands and blood vessels of the skin following parotidectomy. In this study, we want to compare the efficacy of thermography to the Minor's starch-iodine test for determining the presence of Frey's syndrome. Materials and Methods : 48 patients who underwent total or superficial parotidectomy from March 2002 to December 2004 were selected for this study. A subjective clinical questionnaire and the objective Minor's starchiodine test were performed to evaluate the incidence of this syndrome. Total 21 patients were confirmed as positive Frey's syndrome and infrared thermography was performed for them. Result : Frey's syndrome occurred in 21 patients(43.8%). The average temperature of parotidectomy site and normal opposite area were $27.65^{\circ}C\;and\;26.41^{\circ}C$ respectively. Thermography showed temperature difference in 20 patient(95.2%) and the difference of temperature was statistically significant above $1.0^{\circ}C$(p<0.001). The severity of symptoms were related with the difference of temperature(p<0.05). Conclusion : Thermography is useful, non-invasive, simple and quantifying method to diagnose Frey's syndrome. Additionally, this geographic diagnosis is available to show the accurate area for botulinum toxin injection.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2009

Objectives : We examined quality of life, psychosocial adjustments to illness, changes in sexual functioning, and prevalence of psychiatric disorders in AIDS patients compared to patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CHB). Methods : Thirty-one men with AIDS and 50 men with CHB were enrolled. The Short-Form 12-Item Health Survey (SF-12), the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale (PAIS), and the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire short form (CSFQ-14) were administered. Results on these assessments were compared between the 31 AIDS patients and 50 CHB patients. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSMIV (SCID) was administered to determine the psychiatric diagnosis only for the AIDS patients. Results : The Physical Component Summary score (PCS) was lower in AIDS patients than in CHB patients (p<0.001). In the section examining sexual relationships, AIDS patients exhibited a lower level of adjustment (p<0.05) and had more changes in sexual function (p<0.05) than did CHB patients. Administration of the SCID to AIDS patients indicated that the lifetime prevalence of any psychiatric disorder was 56.7% ; 43.3% for mood disorders, 33.3% for alcohol use disorders, 26.7% for anxiety disorders, and 20% for adjustment disorder. Patients who had experienced any psychiatric disorder had more severe psychosocial distress (p=0.004) and evidenced a lower level of overall psychosocial adjustment (p=0.030) than patients who had not. Conclusion : We showed that AIDS patients have a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, and that AIDS patients with psychiatric disorders were particularly low in levels of psychosocial adjustment. Thus, careful attention should be given to psychiatric aspects of AIDS patients emphasizing the early diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.14
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• pp.5639-5644
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• 2014

Objective: This study aimed to determine effects of doctor-patient communication on the quality of life among breast cancer survivors in 16 communities in southern China. Methods: Multistage random sampling was to use to recruit 260 females from the Guangzhou Cancer Registry Database who were diagnosed with breast cancer. A questionnaire provided data on the doctor-patient communication (including the doctor's attitude, the patient's participation with the medical decision and information about the disease) and QOL (quality of life), as measured using FACT-B. Univariate analysis, non-conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations between the doctor-patient communication and QOL. Results: Females who received good attitudes from doctors demonstrated higher FACT-B (OR=4.65, 95% CI: 1.68-12.86), social well-being (OR=5.88, 95% CI: 2.16-16.05), emotional well-being (OR=4.77, 95% CI: 1.92-11.88), and functional well-being ((OR=5.26, 95% CI: 1.90-14.52) compared to the females who encountered worse attitudes from their doctor, adjusting for age, education, marriage, employment, family income, years since diagnosis, TNM stage, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and side effects, particularly when the TNM stage was 0-II and the patients exhibited no side effects. Regardless of the length of time after diagnosis, doctors' good attitudes resulted in higher QOL scores. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the doctor-patient communication has a significant association with the QOL of breast cancer survivors, mainly dependent on the doctors' attitude. Effective intervention is required to develop optimal doctor-patient communication.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.23-33
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• 2008

Objectives : The study was accomplished to find out how korean medical doctor take oriental medical service for hypertension patients in clinical practice Methods : Survey questions were developed based on consensus of 2 clinician, 2 oriental internal medicine specialist and 1 acupuncture specialist. The list of the Korean oriental medical doctors is provided by the Association of the Korean Oriental Medicine. The questionnaire were distributed via E-mail to 9,465 members of Korean oriental medical doctors from 19th August 2008 to 11th September 2008. One thousand sixty three(11.24% of 9,465) members completed answer and the computerized data were analyzed by SAS statistical program Results : Fifty-one percent of Korean oriental medical doctors has experienced hypertension treatment. The most common medical diagnosis method was pattern diagnosis(64.2%). Saam and five element acupuncture were as frequent as 32.3% of acupuncture prescription principle. The most common acupuncture points were region of shoulder and back acupoints inclued $GB_{21}$, $GV_{14}$(25%). The most common herbs prescription principle were 'constitution prescription'(35.4%), 'pattern prescription'(12.6%). The most common opinion for the revitalization of oriental medical service were 'medical insurance system of herbal medicine'(28.8%) and 'research of oriental medical treatments in hypertensive patients'(26.8%). Conclusions : This survey provides unique insight into the perception, treatment method of the Korea medical doctor at oriental medical service for hypertension patient. This study provides a wealth of information and a fresh raft of questions which will inform future research and policy-making.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.320-326
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• 2016

Tongue diagnosis is convenient and non-invasive method to examine the body's functional condition, and it has been frequently used in traditional Korean Medicine (KM). The aim of this study was to investigate the difference of the tongue color assessed by computerized tongue image analysis system (CTIS) between the common cold (CC) patients and healthy subjects. A total of 85 participants, including 45 CC patients without organic diseases and 40 healthy subjects, were asked to complete the CC symptom questionnaire. A tongue image was acquired by using CTIS. Color differences in Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) L*, a* and b* between the CC patient group and the control group were analyzes by using paired t-test analysis. The variable CIE b* of the tongue body was significantly lower in CC than that in controls (P=0.019). The variable CIE L* of the tongue coating was significantly higher in CC than that in controls (P=0.032). In CC, the color of the tongue body seems to be changed to intense red color. The color of the tongue coating seems to be changed to thick fur. The present study demonstrated that the CTIS can be used as a diagnostic and monitoring tool for the objective and standardized evaluation of common cold in clinics.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.9-13
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• 2020

Sasang Constitutional Medicine is a traditional Korean medicine optimized for personalized medicine, and despite its effective clinical efficacy, the inaccuracy of constitutional diagnosis has been pointed out as a limitation. To improve the accuracy, a constitutional analysis algorithm based on quantitative data was developed. In this study, a constitutional analysis experience system applied with the algorithm was developed and repeatability was evaluated. The system analyzes the constitution of the experiencer by collecting front and side facial images, audio, and questionnaire and calculating the integrated constitution probability value. To evaluate the repeatability of the probability values of the system was performed five times each for three people, and the coefficient of variation was 4.778%, indicating that the repeatability was sufficient. The system could contribute to the promotion of the awareness of Sasang medicine.