• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2014

ICT 생태계의 동인으로 전자정부는 그 형태의 변화를 가져온다. 이에 따라 스마트 전자정부 구현을 위해서 정부는 m-Gov 서비스를 활성화 하고, 이를 위해 기술정책을 수립할 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서 스마트 전자정부 구현 모형을 제시하고, 안전한 m-Gov의 인프라 구성을 위해 양자암호 시스템을 서버보안에 응용할 수 있는 정보보안 기술정책으로서 보안 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이것은 결국 보안성, 안전성, 경제성이 확보된 대국민 및 기업에 대한 스마트 전자정부 서비스를 제공하는 행정이념을 추구하는 것이다.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.603-608
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• 2016

인코딩은 정보의 형태나 형식을 표준화, 보안, 처리 속도 향상, 저장 공간 절약 등을 위해 다른 형태나 형식으로 변환 또는 처리 하는 것을 말한다. 정보 통신에서 송신자의 정보가 다른 형태로 수신자에게 전달할 수 있도록 정보를 변환하는 것도 인코딩이다. 이 처리를 수행 하는 장치를 인코더라 부른다. 본 논문에서는 양자 컴퓨터에서 요구되는 인코더 중 가장 기본적인 4-to-2 인코더를 제안한다. 제안한 인코더는 2개의 OR 게이트를 사용하여 구성된다. 제안한 구조는 셀의 간격을 최적화 하고 배선간의 잡음을 최소화하는 것을 목적으로 설계한다. 제안된 인코더를 QCADesigner를 통해 시뮬레이션을 수행하고, 그 결과를 분석하여 효율성을 확인한다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.767-772
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• 2018

Public acceptance is a major issue that will determine the future of nuclear energy. In this article, we review relevant studies and identify several common patterns of nuclear public acceptance. Based on these patterns and four categories of factors, we propose hypotheses on the impact of different socioeconomic factors on the public opinion of nuclear energy. These factors were demographic and social influences, politico-economic, energy conditions, and nuclear accidents and natural risks. We tested these hypotheses using a data set including survey results on public opinion of nuclear energy in 59 countries from 1987 to 2014. Results of the regression analysis generally verified the proposed hypotheses, especially regarding the positive impact of education or geological suitability and the negative effect of improved living standards and democracy on nuclear acceptance. We propose policy recommendations, including a better focus on education and communication and a thorough consideration of the social and geological conditions a country needs to make before deciding to go nuclear. Potential weaknesses of this study are also discussed, including the possible causal relation between independent variables and the binary nature of the dependent variable.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.598-608
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• 2017

A new radiation scale is proposed. With empathy toward the vast majority of people who are not well versed in radiation and related matters, and thus suffering from misunderstanding that breeds unnecessary fear of radiation, the aim of proposing a new radiation scale, radiation index (RAIN), is to put the general public at ease with the concept of radiation. RAIN is defined in dimensionless numbers that relate any specific radiation dose to a properly defined reference level. As RAIN is expressed in plain numbers without an attached scientific unit, the public will feel comfortable with its friendly look, which in turn should help them understand radiation dose levels easily and allay their anxieties about radiation. The expanded awareness and proper understanding of radiation will empower the public to feel that they are not hopeless victims of radiation. The correspondence between RAIN and the specific accumulated dose is established. The equivalence will allow RAIN to serve as a common language of communication for the general public with which they can converse with radiation experts to discuss matters related to radiation safety, radiation diagnosis and therapy, nuclear accidents, and other related matters. Such fruitful dialogues will ultimately enhance public acceptance of radiation and associated technologies.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2024

As listed as one of the most important requirements for Post-Quantum Cryptography standardization process by National Institute of Standards and Technology, the resistance to various side-channel attacks is considered very critical in deploying cryptosystems in practice. In fact, cryptosystems can easily be broken by side-channel attacks, even though they are considered to be secure in the mathematical point of view. The timing attack(TA) and the simple power analysis attack(SPA) are such side-channel attack methods which can reveal sensitive information by analyzing the timing behavior or the power consumption pattern of cryptographic operations. Thus, appropriate measures against such attacks must carefully be considered in the early stage of cryptosystem's implementation process. The Montgomery multiplier is a commonly used and classical gadget in implementing big-number-based cryptosystems including RSA and ECC. And, as recently proposed as an alternative of building blocks for implementing post quantum cryptography such as lattice-based cryptography, the big-number multiplier including the Montgomery multiplier still plays a role in modern cryptography. However, in spite of its effectiveness and wide-adoption, the multiplier is known to be vulnerable to TA and SPA. And this paper proposes a new countermeasure for the Montgomery multiplier against TA and SPA. Briefly speaking, the new measure first represents a multiplication operand without 0 digits, so the resulting multiplication operation behaves in a very regular manner. Also, the new algorithm removes the extra final reduction (which is intrinsic to the modular multiplication) to make the resulting multiplier more timing-independent. Consequently, the resulting multiplier operates in constant time so that it totally removes any TA and SPA vulnerabilities. Since the proposed method can process multi bits at a time, implementers can also trade-off the performance with the resource usage to get desirable implementation characteristics.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2021년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.140-142
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• 2021

5세대 이후의 이동통신 기술은 초고속, 초연결, 초저지연 등을 요구하고 있다. 이 중, 안전한 초연결의 기술적 요구사항을 만족하기 위해서는 IoT 서비스의 말단에 해당하는 저사양 IoT 기기들도 고사양 서버와 동일한 수준의 보안 기능을 제공할 수 있어야 한다. 이러한 보안 기능을 수행하기 위하여 암호 알고리즘에서 필요한 정도의 안전성을 가진 암호키들이 요구되고, 암호키는 보통 암호학적 난수 발생기로부터 생성된다. 이때 난수 생성을 위해서는 좋은 잡음원들이 필요한데, 저사양 기기 환경 특성상 충분한 잡음원을 확보하기 어렵기 때문에 TRNG와 같은 하드웨어 난수 발생기를 사용한다. 이 논문에서는 방사성 동위원소의 붕괴를 예측할 수 없다는 양자의 특성을 기반으로 한 칩을 사용하였으며, 이 칩이 출력하는 신호를 기반으로 이진 비트열 형태의 엔트로피 소스를 얻는 여러 방법(TRNG)을 제시하였다. 또한, 각각의 TRNG에서 출력된 값의 엔트로피에 대해 NIST SP 800-90B 테스트를 이용하여 각 방법에 대한 엔트로피 양을 비교하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.671-677
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• 2016

A Controller Area Network (CAN) is a serial communication protocol that is highly reliable and efficient in many aspects, such as wiring cost and space, system flexibility, and network maintenance. Therefore, it is chosen for the communication protocol between a single chip controller based on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and peripheral devices. In this paper, the design and implementation of CAN IP, which is written in VHSIC Hardware Description Language (VHDL), is presented. The implemented CAN IP is based on the CAN 2.0A specification. The CAN IP consists of three processes: clock generator, bit timing, and bit streaming. The clock generator process generates a time quantum clock. The bit timing process does synchronization, receives bits from the Rx port, and transmits bits to the Tx port. The bit streaming process generates a bit stream, which is made from a message received from a micro controller subsystem, receives a bit stream from the bit timing process, and handles errors depending on the state of the CAN node and CAN message fields. The implemented CAN IP is synthesized and downloaded into SmartFusion FPGA. Simulations using ModelSim and chip test results show that the implemented CAN IP conforms to the CAN 2.0A specification.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2012

새롭게 발전시킨 등가 전송선로 해석법을 이용하여 원형 수직 캐비티 표면 광방출 레이저(VCSELs)의 공진특성을 연구되었다. VCSEL을 설계하기 위하여 필요한 광학변수들인 주기적인 Bragg 거울에서 나타나는 차단대역 특성과 반사율을 분석하였다. 또한, 설계된 VCSEL의 양자효율과 문턱 전류밀도를 평가하기 위하여 원형 모드 전송 선로 해석법의 횡방향 공진조건을 이용하였다. 이 해석법은 원형 VCSEL의 광학적 특성들을 분석하기 위한 수치해석 시간을 현저하게 줄여 주며, 명확한 설계개념을 제공한다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.12-22
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• 2003

Real-time(RT) object-oriented(OO) distributed computing is a form of RT distributed computing realized with a distributed computer system structured in the form of an object network. Several approached proposed in recent years for extending the conventional object structuring scheme to suit RT applications, are briefly reviewed. Then the approach named the TMO (Time-triggered Message-triggered Object) structuring scheme was formulated with the goal of instigating a quantum productivity jump in the design of distributed time triggered simulation. The TMO scheme is intended to facilitate the pursuit of a new paradigm in designing distributed time triggered simulation which is to realize real-time computing with a common and general design style that does not alienate the main-stream computing industry and yet to allow system engineers to confidently produce certifiable distributed time triggered simulation for safety-critical applications. The TMO structuring scheme is a syntactically simple but semantically powerful extension of the conventional object structuring approached and as such, its support tools can be based on various well-established OO programming languages such as C++ and on ubiquitous commercial RT operating system kernels. The Scheme enables a great reduction of the designers efforts in guaranteeing timely service capabilities of application systems

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제41회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.293-294
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• 2011

It is known that semiconductor quantum-dot (QD) heterostructures have superior zero-dimensional quantum confinement, and they have been successfully applied to semiconductor laser diodes (QDLDs) for optical communication and infrared photodetectors (QDIPs) for thermal images [1]. The self-assembled QDs are normally formed at Stranski-Krastanov (S-K) growth mode utilizing the accumulated strain due to lattice-mismatch existing at heterointerfaces between QDs and cap layers. In order to increase the areal density and the number of stacks of QDs, recently, sub-monolayer (SML)-thick QDs (SQDs) with reduced strain were tried by equivalent thicknesses thinner than a wetting layer (WL) existing in conventional QDs (CQDs) by S-K mode. Despite that it is very different from CQDs with a well-defined WL, the SQD structure has been successfully applied to QDIP[2]. In this study, optical characteristics are investigated by using photoluminescence (PL) spectra taken from self-assembled InAs/GaAs QDs whose coverage are changing from submonolayer to a few monolayers. The QD structures were grown by using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on semi-insulating GaAs (100) substrates, and formed at a substrate temperature of 480$^{\circ}C$ followed by covering GaAs cap layer at 590$^{\circ}C$. We prepared six 10-period-stacked QD samples with different InAs coverages and thicknesses of GaAs spacer layers. In the QD coverage below WL thickness (~1.7 ML), the majority of SQDs with no WL coexisted with a small amount of CQDs with a WL, and multi-peak spectra changed to a single peak profile. A transition from SQDs to CQDs was found before and after a WL formation, and the sublevel of SQDs peaking at (1.32${\pm}$0.1) eV was much closer to the GaAs bandedge than that of CQDs (~1.2 eV). These revealed that QDs with no WL could be formed by near-ML coverage in InAs/GaAs system, and single-mode SQDs could be achieved by 1.5 ML just below WL that a strain field was entirely uniform.