• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2012

RMR은 평가방법의 수월성으로 인해 터널과 사면 등 토목공사 현장에서 암반평가 방법으로 널리 활용되고 있는 만큼 좀 더 쉽고 신뢰성 있는 수정 RMR법을 찾기 위한 연구는 꾸준히 진행되어 왔다. 그만큼 RMR에 대한 다수의 연구들이 여러 가지 통계적 분석 및 평가기법에 의해 변수의 개수나 배점을 조정한 수정 RMR법 제시에 치중된 측면도 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 정규화한 RMR변수들의 평가 경향 분석을 통하여 기 연구들에서 중요 평가 변수들을 공통적으로 포함하면서도 다양한 변수조합의 수정 RMR법들이 제안될 수 있었던 당위성에 대하여 고찰하였다. 나아가 변수들의 분포경향으로부터 현장에서의 평가경향에 대해서도 역 추론 하였다. 약 2000개의 현장 측정 데이터들에 대해 정규화한 후 RMR과 각 변수들의 1:1 평가를 실시한 결과 일정한 패턴의 상관관계와 평가경향이 나타났다. 정량적 평가 변수인 일축압축강도와 RQD는 RMR 기준선 대비 항시 상향 분포 추세로 나타나 RMR 값들을 평가절상 하는 역할을 하는 반면, 정성적 평가 성향이 큰 절리 상태와 지하수는 기준선 대비 대부분 하향 분포 추세로 나타나 RMR 값들을 평가절하 하는 역할을 하는 것으로 판단된다. 이를 통해 정량적인 변수들과 정성적인 변수들을 적절히 조합하면 어려운 통계분석 없이도 수정 RMR법을 제시할 수 있음을 알 수 있다. 또한 정성적인 변수에 대한 현장 엔지니어의 보수적인 암반평가 경향도 추론할 수 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권14호
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• pp.5759-5765
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• 2014

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a potential supplement for mammogram screening. This study aimed to evaluate and feasibility of EIT as opposed to mammography and to determine pain perception with both imaging methods. Women undergoing screening mammography at the Radiology Department of National University of Malaysia Medical Centre were randomly selected for EIT imaging. All women were requested to give a pain score after each imaging session. Two independent raters were chosen to define the image findings of EIT. A total of 164 women in the age range from 40 to 65-year-old participated and were divided into two groups; normal and abnormal. EIT sensitivity and specificity for rater 1 were 69.4% and 63.3, whereas for rater 2 they were 55.3% and 57.0% respectively. The reliability for each rater ranged between good to very good (p<0.05). Quantitative values of EIT showed there were significant differences in all values between groups (ANCOVA, p<0.05). Interestingly, EIT scored a median pain score of $1.51{\pm}0.75$ whereas mammography scored $4.15{\pm}0.87$ (Mann Whitney U test, p<0.05). From these quantitative values, EIT has the potential as a health discriminating index. Its ability to replace image findings from mammography needs further investigation.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제38권11호
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• pp.1094-1104
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• 2010

익형주위 착빙 현상과 관련한 기존 연구는 수치적으로 예측된 결빙형상과 실험 결과를 정성적으로 비교하는데 그쳐, 해석 결과의 정확도에 대한 판단과 외기 조건 변화에 따른 결빙형상의 체계적 분석에 한계가 있었다. 이에 본 논문에서는 실린더와 익형의 결빙 형상을 가용한 실험 및 타 수치해석 결과와 비교, 검증하고 정량적으로 분석하는 연구를 수행하였다. 먼저, 개발된 코드로부터 획득한 결빙형상을 얼음의 최대두께와 얼음의 진행방향, 얼음의 분포, 얼음의 면적을 기준으로 나타낸 후 이를 정량적으로 분석하였다. 정량적 분석을 통해 유사한 결빙 형상을 직관적으로 비교할 수 있었다. 개발한 수치해석 코드는 아랫면에서의 결빙 면적, 얼음의 두께를 작게 예측하였다. 이를 개선하기 위하여 보다 정밀한 유동장 계산을 통해 획득한 입자의 궤적이 요구된다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.503-512
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• 2023

In tunneling projects, a significant part of the costs is spent on segment production. By more economically producing, the cost of tunnel construction can be greatly reduced, especially in long and large-diameter tunnels. In the present study, the effect of using the Carousel method in the improvement of the production system performance compared to the conventional Static system has been studied. To carry out the research, a quantitative comparison of cost and production time was carried out for two production methods using the available documentation. The opinions of experts have been obtained using questionnaires and qualitative comparison of cost, time and production quality was done by implementation of statistical analysis. The SPSS software and the univariate t-test were used to analyze the questionnaires. According to the results of statistical analysis with SPSS, the use of the Carousel method will reduce production time and costs along with increasing manufacturing quality. According to the documentation analysis, the Carousel method reduces the cost of production by almost 30% and leads to a reduction of the production time to approximately 40% of the Static moulds system. The Carousel method has a higher production rate, efficiency, and better performance. Research into quantifying the benefits of Carousel method in the production system performance is very limited. This comparison is based on real information from the under construction Tabriz Metro project. This article can be very helpful in choosing the best production method.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.299-313
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• 2006

Male consumers, who had largely been overlooked in comparison to their female counterparts, are recently emerging as a major target of marketing. The five-day workweek system and shifts in the expectation of traditional sex roles have brought about this change. This study examined changes in consumption pattems of men and analyzed relevant trends and meanings. Advertisements were chosen as data for analyses in this study because they are the most fundamental tool to stimulate consumption and also because they are the media that convey the culture of the times in the most compressed form. One thousand four hundred and seven advertisements appeared in the 19 volumes of 'Gentlemen's Quarterly,' a men's magazine, that were published between March 2001 and October 2005. These advertisements were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods. From the analyses of this study, six different kinds of trends were found. In each trend, important values sought after by men through consumption, and the meanings of consumption for male consumers were explained.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.140-153
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• 2020

Purpose: This mixed-methods study was conducted to compare and analyze the perceptions of children and their parents regarding the meaning of the children's life. Methods: First, children's and parents' perceptions of the meaning of life were analyzed using a quantitative approach, and the cognitive differences between children and parents were then confirmed through a qualitative approach. We integrated the collected data comprehensively. Results: Ten significant differences (awareness of strong points, recognizing oneself as a precious being, relationships with friends, happy memories, liking people, experiencing difficulty, dreams and goals, experiencing love, appreciating life, helping people who are poorer than me) were identified between children and parents. The results of the content analysis of the qualitative data were divided into two variables: children's experiences of the meaning of life (78 significant statements, 32 sub-themes, and 10 themes) and parents' perceptions of the meaning of life of their children (89 significant statements, 36 sub-themes, and 10 themes). Conclusion: Based on these results, we propose developing meaning-centered intervention programs for children and parents and applying them for educational purposes. By doing so, we expect that meaning-centered education for elementary school students will become more active.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2016

Purpose: In case of existing building, A lot of attempts are being made like changing thermal system or using high efficiency products to decrease energy load and increase energy efficiency. However, (1) Absence of systemed database of green-remodeling technology and products. (2) Absence of comparative analysis system and qualitative/quantitative evaluation method of energy performance and energy reduction cost. (3) Existing remodeling was very hard to access for non-experts. So, in this paper, the authors developed data base for green-remodeling(Impact Table A, Impact Table B) and optimum combination dedication tool for user convenience. Accordingly, purpose of this paper validate usefulness of Impact Table and optimum alternative dedication tool. Method: For validate the usefulness of Impact Table and optimum combination dedication tool, the authors selected five test model office buildings. Next, through research investigation, the authors diagnosed the present state of buildings. In base of diagnosis results, select technologies for remodeling by qualitative comparison (Impact Table A). Next, evaluate quantitative price and performance technologies that selected in Impact Table A (Impact Table B). Lastly, through final evaluation of Impact Taba A and Impact Table B, determine the direction of the green-remodeling. Result: Impact Table and optimum combination dedication tool can use relative indicator for green-remodeling, especially through ROI by detail field.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2018

초연결사회에서 IoT 기반의 라이프로그 데이터는 사물인터넷 기술 전반에 활용되며 사용자의 요구사항을 반영한 맞춤형 서비스의 중요 요소로 자리 잡고 있다. 또한 사용자들은 소셜네트워크서비스를 활용하여 관심사 및 감정들을 쉽게 표현하면서 다양한 라이프로그 데이터가 축척되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 IoT 기반의 라이프로그 데이터를 활용한 지능형 캐릭터를 개발하여 사용자들의 감성을 체계적으로 파악하기 위해 정성적/정량적 데이터를 수집 및 분석한다. 이를 위해 사용자가 이용하는 소셜네트워크서비스를 통한 정성적 데이터와 웨어러블 디바이스를 통한 정량적 데이터를 수집한다. 수집한 데이터는 에스노그라피를 통한 페르소나와 비교하여 신뢰성을 검증한다. 추후에는 더 많은 사용자 라이프로그 데이터를 수집하여 데이터의 신뢰성을 확보하고 분석 과정에서 오차를 줄여 개인맞춤형 서비스를 제공할 수 있도록 지능형 캐릭터를 개발할 예정이다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.233-242
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• 2021

Objective: To evaluate the association of MRI features with the major genomic profiles and prognosis of World Health Organization grade III (G3) gliomas compared with those of glioblastomas (GBMs). Materials and Methods: We enrolled 76 G3 glioma and 155 GBM patients with pathologically confirmed disease who had pretreatment brain MRI and major genetic information of tumors. Qualitative and quantitative imaging features, including volumetrics and histogram parameters, such as normalized cerebral blood volume (nCBV), cerebral blood flow (nCBF), and apparent diffusion coefficient (nADC) were evaluated. The G3 gliomas were divided into three groups for the analysis: with this isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutation, IDH mutation and a chromosome arm 1p/19q-codeleted (IDHmut1p/19qdel), IDH mutation, 1p/19q-nondeleted (IDHmut1p/19qnondel), and IDH wildtype (IDHwt). A prediction model for the genetic profiles of G3 gliomas was developed and validated on a separate cohort. Both the quantitative and qualitative imaging parameters and progression-free survival (PFS) of G3 gliomas were compared and survival analysis was performed. Moreover, the imaging parameters and PFS between IDHwt G3 gliomas and GBMs were compared. Results: IDHmut G3 gliomas showed a larger volume (p = 0.017), lower nCBF (p = 0.048), and higher nADC (p = 0.007) than IDHwt. Between the IDHmut tumors, IDHmut1p/19qdel G3 gliomas had higher nCBV (p = 0.024) and lower nADC (p = 0.002) than IDHmut1p/19qnondel G3 gliomas. Moreover, IDHmut1p/19qdel tumors had the best prognosis and IDHwt tumors had the worst prognosis among G3 gliomas (p < 0.001). PFS was significantly associated with the 95th percentile values of nCBV and nCBF in G3 gliomas. There was no significant difference in neither PFS nor imaging features between IDHwt G3 gliomas and IDHwt GBMs. Conclusion: We found significant differences in MRI features, including volumetrics, CBV, and ADC, in G3 gliomas, according to IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion status, which can be utilized for the prediction of genomic profiles and the prognosis of G3 glioma patients. The MRI signatures and prognosis of IDHwt G3 gliomas tend to follow those of IDHwt GBMs.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.177-192
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• 2011

This research paper aims at computer based modeling of carbonation induced corrosion under extreme conditions and its experimental verification by incorporating enhanced electrochemical and mass balance equations based on thermo-hygro physics with strong coupling of mass transport and equilibrium in micro-pore structure of carbonated concrete for which the previous research data is limited. In this paper the carbonation induced electrochemical corrosion model is developed and coupled with carbon dioxide transport computational model by the use of a concrete durability computer based model DuCOM developed by our research group at concrete laboratory in the University of Tokyo and its reliability is checked in the light of experiment results of carbonation induced corrosion mass loss obtained in this research. The comparison of model analysis and experiment results shows a fair agreement. The carbonation induced corrosion model computation reasonably predicts the quantitative behavior of corrosion rate for normal air dry relative humidity conditions. The computational model developed also shows fair qualitative corrosion rate simulation and analysis for various pH levels and coupled environmental actions of chloride and carbonation. Detailed verification of the model for the quantitative carbonation induced corrosion rate computation under varying relative conditions, different pH levels and combined effects of carbonation and chloride attack remain as scope for future research.