• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.185-190
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• 2004

Acute aquatic toxicity of effluents discharged from five dyeing plants in Gyeong-gi province were evaluated to assess whether the current Korean water quality standards(KWQS) could protect aquatic life. Chemical analyses of all parameters regulated under KWQS, except for E-coli, were also carried out to determine regulation compliance of the samples. All the effluent samples were satisfied with KWQS except for the color in only one sample. In acute Daphnia magna toxicity tests, significant mortality was observed in one of five samples and EC50 was 12.1%(95% confidence interval 9.1-16.2), which was in compliance with KWQS. The result of the Microtox assay indicated that acute microbial toxicity existed in effluents from three out of five plants, two of which were in compliance with KWQS. The agreement between regulation compliance of chemical concentrations of effluent and observed toxicity from various biological toxicity tests was very poor to fair (kappa = 0.194~0.250). The data presented suggest that exposure to dyeing wastewater which were in compliance with Korean water quality standards may not be safe to aquatic biota, and multiple tropical levels should be considered in aquatic toxicity monitoring of dyeing industry.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2000

열병합발전 시스템은 환경 친화적인 동시에 상대적으로 고 효율의 에너지 시스템으로서 분산 방전설비의 혁신 기술중 하나이다, 아울러 열병합발전 시스템운 열과 전기의 분산공급에 적절한 발전 시스템이다. 그러나, 열병합발전 시스템의 계통 연계는 전압 소정, 전압변동, 보호협조, 안전등의 제반 연제문제를 수반한다. 특히, 이러한 연계문제 중 열병합발전 시스템의 배전계통 연계.분리 운전은 배전계통의 전압조정 및 변동에 영향을 미칠 것이 예상된다. 최근 수용가 소유의 컴퓨터 및 민감한 전자소자의 사용 증가로 인하여 전력품질온 중요한 고려사항이 되고 있다. 따라서 열병합발전 시스템과 관련한 전압품질은 반드시 분석되어야만 한다. 왜냐하면 전압품질은 전력 품질의 중요한 요소이기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 열병합발전 시스템의 배전계통 연계 운전에 따른 순서전압변통 에 대하여 컴퓨터 시물레이션을 롱하여 분석하였고、 또한 이의 억제 대책을 제시하였다. 아울러 순시전압변동 측면에서 본 피더 당 열병합발전시스템의 단위 도입 용량을 평가하였다. 본 논문의 결과는 열병합발전 시스템 또는 분산형 전원의 계통 연계 표준. 가이드라인에 유용한 자료가 되리라 믿는다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 도로포장의 성능개선을 유도하기 위한 제도적 수단인 공사비 차등지급규정(지불규정)을 제시하고 이를 고속도로 아스팔트 포장 공사에 처음으로 적용한 결과를 다루고 있다. 지불규정을 적용하기 위한 단위구간(lot)은 덧씌우기 포장의 일평균 시공연장으로 정의하였다. 단위구간은 다시 포장의 초기상태 평가를 위한 최소 단위인 세부단위구간(sublot)으로 나누었으며, 세부단위구간에서 측정한 품질항목의 평균과 표준편차를 이용하여 단위구간을 대표하는 품질항목별 지불계수(pay factor)를 산정하였다. 마지막으로, 각각의 품질항목이 포장의 중장기 공용성에 미치는 상대적 영향을 고려하여 합성지불계수를 결정하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 지불규정은 2008년에 한국도로공사 6개 지역본부(충청, 호남, 경북, 경남, 경인, 강원)에서 시행된 아스팔트 덧씌우기 포장공사에 적용하였으며, 이 과정에서 제기된 고려사항 및 문제점을 정리하였다. 결론적으로, 품질항목에 대한 평가결과가 품질관리한계를 만족하는 경우에는 기존 공사비 대비 최대 50% 가까이 인센티브 지급이 가능함을 알 수 있었다. 반면에, 다짐도와 같은 주요 성능관련 품질이 낮을 경우 기존 공사비 대비 최대 10% 가까이 공사비 감액도 있을 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권10B호
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• pp.929-935
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• 2006

When the Internet phone service, generally PC-to-Phone, first entered into the telecommunications service market, no regulatory issues were arisen to manage the service within the regulatory framework because of it's low quality, no phone number assignment and etc. However, almost the same quality, more applications and cheaper price compared with the fixed telecommunications service, have changed the regulator's policy allowing Internet phone service within market mechanism. While incumbent fixed telecommunications service enterprises had given with tremendous duties to continue the job categorized 'facilities-based telecommunication service provider', and which can be unreasonable and unfair if Internet phone service enterprises are allowed to enter into the fixed telecommunications market without any regulation. Thus, new regulatory framework has worked for the Internet phone service named the VoIP service generally in the fixed telecommunications market. Recently, VoIP is provided not only in the fixed telecommunications market but also in the mobile market as Wi-Fi phone is feasible in the wireless LAN environment. Furthermore, bundled service of Wi-Fi and cellular phone service will be launched soon, and the next version will be the mobile VoIP service operating like a cellular phone service. Hence, we will meet similar situation when the VoIP sewice enters into the fixed telecommunications service market. And, in this paper, we prospect the regulatory issues arising when the wireless or mobile VoIP service enterprises enter the mobile market, by analyzing possible scenarios.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.659-664
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• 2008

The Railroad Safety Act's regulation reads as follows. "The Minister of Construction and Transportation may qualify and authorize the product to guarantee performance and safety of parts, machine, and device used in Railway fields." Another regulation reads as follows."“The guidelines about targets, standards, and procedures of Quality and Authority in first provision are decided as Ministry of Construction and Transportation Decree." The software used in rail cars and facilities is considered as a railway product. Therefore, it is qualified and authorized for acquiring the safety of rail cars and facilities. The software businesses shall again a Quality and Authority for applying a software to the rail cars and facilities. This paper regulates some guidelines that are needed to develop a software. The procedures that a software developer performs are divided by plan, requirement, design, implementation, and maintenance. The procedures that a software verification person performs are classified by verification plan, requirement verification, design verification, implementation verification, testing verification, maintenance verification, and safety activity. The entire processes and detailed activities to develope and verify a software are described as new guidelines.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

본 연구는 우리나라 해운 ㆍ항만 분야에 등록된 341개의 규제를 대상으로 보다 바람직한 규제체계의 방향을 설정하는 것이 목적이다. 이를 위해 이 연구에서는 현재 우리나 해운 ㆍ항만분야의 규제 수준이 OECD가 규정한 규제 3단계 가운데 초기수준인 규제 1단께에 있음을 지적하고, 규제의 복잡성등 OECD(1993)가 제시한 제 8조 규제순응 저하요인을 적용한 2단계 조사기준에 따라 우선순위를 선정하였다. 이 결과에 따르면 314개의 등록규제 가운데 규제순응도 조사가 필요한 28개 규제하였으며, 완화 또는 폐지해야할 규제는 9개, 새로운 규제로 바뀌어야 할 규제는 5개인 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.34-43
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• 1997

There are 4 types of equipment in diagnostic radiography. These are single phase, three phase, inverter type and condenser type X-ray generators. It is very confusing to make an adequate exposure factor and to know the usage of different type of X-ray generators. In this experiment, I explored a comparative study of outputs in 4 different type of X-ray units. I expect that this experiment could be helpful for manufacturer to make both the X-ray equipment better, In terms of Ideal exposure factors, thereby reducing the patient dose. Experimental results are as follow : 1) X-ray output The ratio of X-ray output of single, three phase and inverter type of X-ray generator was 1 : 1.6 : 2 without absorber and 1 : 2 : 2.6 with 20 mm aluminium absorber. 2) Beam quality The X-ray beam quality of single phase generator was proved to be softer than three phase and inverter type of generators by 0.4 mmAL and 0.55 mmAl HVL respectively. 3) Reproducibility Linearity of X-ray output Retroducibility of X-ray output met the regulation below CV 0.05 and linearity also met the regulation below 0.1 in 4 types of diagnostic X-ray generators. 4) The comparison of incident dose Three phase X-ray generator was 20% higher than two other X-ray generators in radiation dose to make same film density.

• 한국품질경영학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국품질경영학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.392-399
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• 2006

Since the global warming problem emerged in the international community, the problem has been sought to be not at the national but at the global level. As a result, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was agreed by international delegates in 1992, and the Kyoto Protocol which imposes industrialized nations to decrease their greenhouse gas emission was agreed by the international community in 1997. Kyoto protocol came into effect for reduction duty of greenhouse gas.(16-Feb-2005) High developed countries press environmental regulation. It will strengthen an environment regulation from advanced nation with this protocol. This study is intended to examine unfolding transition on negotiations of Conference of Parties(COP), the Kyoto Mechanism referred as a cost-effective tool to meet a targeted level of greenhouse gas decrease, and trends in responses of developed countries to the Kyoto Protocol, and finally suggests legal and politic counterplans responding to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (hereafter, UNFCCC).

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.331-338
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• 2017

Regulation of feeding is essential for animal survival. The pharyngeal sense organs can act as a second checkpoint of food quality, due to their position between external taste organs such as the labellum which initially assess food quality, and the digestive tract. Growing evidence provides support that the pharyngeal sensory neurons regulate feeding, but much is still unknown. We found that a pair of gustatory receptor neurons in the LSO, a Drosophila adult pharyngeal organ which expresses four gustatory receptors, is involved in feeding inhibition in response to high concentrations of sodium ions. RNAi experiments and mutant analysis showed that the gustatory receptor Gr2a is necessary for this process. This feeding preference determined by whether a food source is perceived as appetizing or not is influenced by nutritional conditions, such that when the animal is hungry, the need for energy dominates over how appealing the food source is. Our results provide experimental evidence that factors involved in feeding function in a context-dependent manner.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.232-250
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was designed to define the roles, tasks, and activities of home visiting nurses aimed at enhancing the quality of nursing care under the long-term care insurance regulation for the elderly introduced on July 1, 2008 in Korea. Methods: A review of domestic and foreign literature was used to formulate the proposed roles, tasks, and activities of visiting nurses, which were subsequently modified and complemented by the agreement of home visiting nurse experts and acceptance of 127 nurses. Data was collected from 04 June - 17 September 2008 and analyzed concerning frequency and percentile using SPSS ver. 15.0. Results: The established functions of home visiting nurses were direct nursing service provider, case manager, patient educator, decision maker, care coordinator, and research worker. These functions involved 27 different tasks and 167 activities. Conclusion: The roles, tasks, and activities of visiting nurses, established based upon the guidelines of the Long-term Care Insurance Act for the elderly, were verified for their applicability by nurses involved in home care delivery. These parameters will provide a useful tool in developing an assessment to enhance the quality of home-based care for the elderly in Korea.