• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.55-73
• /
• 1995

An Effect of Muscle Strength Training Program on Muscle Strength, Muscle Endurance, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and Quality of Life in the Institutionalized Elderly Recent statistics shows that the aged are the fastest growing segment of our population by increasing life span. The age group of over 60 shows multiple health problems and the most serious handicapping problem of these. are related to the changes in muscular skeletal system. With aging, people lose. their muscle mass and muscle strength resulting from biological changes and physical inactivity. Studies documented a 30-50% loss of muscle mass in an advanced age and thus, ordinary life activities can be seriously affected due to weakened muscle strength. Preservation of muscle strength of lower limb is especially important in the aged. Since it is readily affected from reduced physical activity in old age, sometimes to the detriment of moving or walking. So muscle strength exercise program designed for the elderly to improve leg muscle strength and leg muscle endurance. The research design used was nonequivalent control group pretest - protest design. The purposes of this study were to test the effect of muscle strength exercise program utilizing Leg Press on muscle strength, muscle endurance, instrumental activities of daily living(IADL), cognitive perceptual variables and quality of life. Forty nine subjects participating in this study consisted of twenty four male and twenty five female. Twenty four experimental group subjects were selected from C-institution in Chung Buk province, and twenty five control group subjects were selected from O-institution in Chung Nam province. The mean age of subjects was 72.8 years. Muscle strength training program utilizing Leg Press for the experimental group was carried out three times a week for 9 weeks. The data was collected from August, 1993 to October, 1993. Data were analyzed with $X^2-test$, t-test, ANCOVA test, Kruskal Wallis 1-Way ANOVA test using SPSS PC program. Results were obtained as follows : 1) The experimental group showed significantly higher scores on muscle strength (leg lift strength, back lift strength and grip strength) and muscle endurance than control group after the experiment $\ulcorner$F=52.35(p=.001), F=54.07(p=.001), F=6.97(p=.011), F=18.17(p=.001)$\lrcorner$ 2) Experimental group were significantly higher scores on IADL than control group(F=7.51, p=.009). 3) Experimental group showed significantly higher scores on economical state and self esteem aspects of the quality of life scale than control group $\ulcorner$F=10.59(p=.002), F=6.97(p=.011)$\lrcorner$. But there were no differences in emotional state, physical and functional state and relationship with reatives in the quality of life between groups. 4) Scores on IADL showed a significant difference with the level of muscle strength and muscle endurance $\ulcornerx^2=7.73(p=.025),\;x^2=8.86\;(p=.011)\lrcorner$ 5) Scores on self esteem and physical and functional state aspects of the quality of life scale showed a significant difference with the level of IADL $\ulcornerx^2=11.39(p=.003),\;x^2=9.02(p=.011)\lrcorner$. 6) Scores of experimental group after the experiment in cognitive perceptual variables (perceived benefit on exercise, perceived health status, self efficacy, emotion on exercise) were significantly higher than those of control group $\ulcorner$F=32.09(p=.001), F=5.07(p=.029), F=20.63 (p=.001), F=30.38(p=.001)$\lrcorner$. As a result of this study, the effect of strength training exercise program with Leg. Press had improved muscle strength, muscle endurance, IADL, and the perception of self esteem, physical and funtional state, and economical state. Thus strength training program could be beneficially applied for the prevention of disablity and promotion of health and wellbeing in the aged easily and safely. The subjects in the experimental group have maintained their exercises till six months after the cessation of the experiment. This seem to illustrate that changes in cognitive perceptual variables and the improvement in health status have reinforced motivation for the continuation of voluntary exercises. A further study is necessary to determine the factors affecting maintainance of muscle strength exercise and to assess the effect of weight training program on bone density.

• 디자인학연구
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.275-284
• /
• 2002

장애인의 사회ㆍ경제적 지위향상과 인권을 화보하기 위해서는 통합된 사회가 만들어져야 한다. 통합된 사회가 가능하기 위해서는 이동에 있어서나 건축물, 그리고 설비를 이용함에 있어서 접근(Access)이 가능해야 한다. 장애인이 사회생활에서 불이익을 받는 것은 손상(Impairment)이나 장애(Disability)자체가 아니라 장애인을 둘러싼 환경(Environment)의 물리적, 사회적 장벽 때문일 것이다. 이러한 장벽(Barrier)을 제거하여 장애인이 지역사회 안에서 자립하여, 자유롭게 사회활동에 참여할 수 있도록 하기 위해서는 사회전체의 시스템을 장애인이 이용하기 편리한 구조로 재구성하는 것이 필요하다. 이것은 장애인뿐만 아니라 더 나아가서는 모든 사람이 이용하기 편리한 사회를 구축하는 일이 되기 때문이다. 우리나라에서 장애인이 다른 사람의 도움을 받지 않고 안전하고 편리하게 시설물과 설비에 접근하고, 이용할 수 있으며, 원하는 곳으로 자유롭게 이동한다는 것은 아직까지 거의 불가능하다. 현재 설치된 지체장애인 관련 편의시설의 설치량은 많으나 타 시설 및 건축물과의 연계성이 없이 독립적으로 설치되어 이용에 도움이 되지 못하는 경우가 많고, 편의시설이 설치되어 있는 경우에도 형식적으로 설치되어 실제로 장애인 스스로의 이용이 불가능한 경우도 많다. 본 연구는 휠체어사용자들의 공공시설 이용에 있어 접근성을 용이하게 확보하고 시설적 제약 없이 스스로 조작 할 수 있는 새로운 개념의 이동식 휠체어 리프트 디자인을 시도하고자하였다. 연구의 핵심은 기존 수입위주의 단순기능 제품을 새로운 시스템으로 개발하여 기능적 안전성, 품질 고급화와 더불어 장애인 보조기기분야에서 새로운 이미지의 디자인 적용을 통하여 수입대체 효과와 더불어 해외시장 진출로 이동식휠체어 리프트 시장의 선점, 우위를 목표로 연구 개발하였다. 걸쳐 지속적으로 가집이 편찬되었던 구체적 동인이었을 것임을 진단해 보았다. 특정시기 가곡향유의 실질은 곧 가곡의 곡 해석방식에 직결될 것이기 때문이다.를 선택하는가 하는 디자이너 측면의 요인이 감성 품질과 밀접함 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다.멘트들의 재배열이 주된 역할을 하는 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 한편 고자장 영역에서는 correlation time 중 $\tau$가 주된 역할을 담당하는데는 $\tau$는 나노 입자의 크기와 연관되어 있으며 고자장에서 입자 크기에 따른 T1 이완율(R1)과 T2 이완율(R2)의 차이는 이러한 입자크기의 차이에 의해 발생하는 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 나노입자에 포함된 철 원자수를 변화시키는 경우 철 원자수가 증가 할 수록 R1과 R2가 증가하는 결과를 나타내었다. 한편 온도변화에 따른 T1, T2 자기이완시간의 변화는 정상체온 근처의 제한적인 온도범위내에서 저자장 영역에서의 아주 작은 변화를 제외하고는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 T1에 비해 T2에서 이러한 변화가 상대적으로 더 작게 나타났다. 결론 : 임상적 다기능성을 나타낼 가능성이 많은 것으로 보고되고 있는 미세 초상자성 산화철 입자의 자기이완에 대한 이론적 모델을 초상자성 나노입자의 물리적 특성에 기초하여 제시하였고 이러한 이론적 모델에 근거한 미세 초상자성 산화철 입자의 자기장의 세기에 따른 자기 이완시간의 변화를 컴퓨터 모의 실험을 통해 조사하였다.다.있는 것으로 보여진다. 따라서 혈압 저하를 목적으로 하는 나트륨 제한식의 실시는 다양한 체내의 생화학적 변화를 고려해서 이루어져야 할 것이며, 앞으로 이에 대한 보다 다각적인 연구가 요구된다.CSU-23 배양배지에서 배양하는 것이 좋다는 결과를 얻었다. and those a having sufficient sleep were

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제25권9호
• /
• pp.45-55
• /
• 2009

철도 토공노반의 품질은 현장 밀도나 평판재하시험을 통해 관리되어 왔다. 현재 지반반력계수($k_{30}$)의 경우 일반철도와 고속철도의 설계기준으로도 사용되기 때문에 설계와 품질관리에서 일관성을 갖는다. 그럼에도 불구하고 지반반력계수($k_{30}$), 또는 반복평판재하시험의 결과인 변형계수($E_{v2}$)와 변형계수의 비($E_{v2}/E_{v1}$) 같은 설계인자에 대해 간편한 실내기준 설정 방법이 없어 설계과정의 치명적인 결함으로 남는다. 본 예비연구에서는 이러한 단점을 극복하고자 최근 개발된 철도 토공노반의 역학적-경험적 설계 방법에도 합당한 새로운 품질관리 기준으로 압축파 속도를 도입하였고 계측 기법을 제안하였다. 품질관리 방안의 핵심은 다짐시험과 병행하여 획득한 최적함수비에서의 압축파 속도를 현장의 품질관리 기준으로 설정하고 현장에서는 시공 중에 직접도달파 기법으로 품질을 확인하는 것이다. 직접도달파 기법은 현장의 기술자가 지표면 얕은 깊이의 균질한 층에서 간편하게 적용할 수 있고 저림하며 결과의 신뢰성이 높다. 시험 부지에서 직접도달파 시험으로부터 계측한 압축파 속도가 다짐도에 따라 식별 가능한지 확인하였고, 품질관리 지표로서 압축파 속도를 효과적으로 적용할 수 있음을 입증하였다. 본 논문의 현장 및 실내 압축파 계측을 통해 동반논문(박철수 등, 2009)에서 수행할 실험적 토대를 마련하였다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전자공학회 2006년도 하계종합학술대회
• /
• pp.1013-1014
• /
• 2006

Mobilecomputer offers more fundamental role than role assistance enemy of modern technology equipment and new Information Technology can reconsider, and reconstruct creatively accuracy of physiological concept. That military register symptoms are developed of disease, before far before rehalibitation, offer possibility that can intervene in process that motive change of military register symptoms after rehalibitation. But, that many parameters become analysis target and mathematical settlement and equalization system of neted data of that is huge, same time collection of all datas can lift difficulty etc.. These main weakness puts in structural relation between elements that compose system. Therefore, dynamics research that time urea of systematic adjustment has selected method code Tuesday nerve dynamics enemy who groping of approach that become analysis point is proper and do with recycling bioelectricity signal. Nature model of do living body signal digital analysis chapter as research result could be developed and scientific foundation groping could apply HSS (Hardware-software system) by rehalibitation purpose. Special quality that is done radish form Tuesday of bioelectricity signal formation furthermore studied, and by the result, fundamental process of bodysignal in do structure circuit form of analog - digital water supply height modelling do can

• 기본간호학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.156-165
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to Identify the physical health status and health behavior practice of elderly people in order to provide basic data for effective nursing interventions to promote health and quality of lift. Method: The participants for this study were 299 elderly persons in D city. Data were collected by interview with a questionnaire. Results: Average score for the physical health status of the participants was 3.98. There was a significant difference in average scores for physical health status for the variables age, sex, marital status, education level, religion, monthly income, source of living expense, perceived health status, alcohol use and type of household. The average score for the health behavior practice of the participants was 99.52, which means that elderly persons have good health behavior. There was a significant difference in average scores for health behavior practice for the variables age, sex, education level, perceived health status and type of household. Perceived health status, education level and alcohol use explained 50.6% of the variance for physical health status. Perceived health status and education level explained 27.4% of the variance for health behavior practice. Conclusion: To promote health behavior in elderly people, it is necessary to develop nursing interventions that take into consideration sociocultural traditions and demographic characteristics.

• 유공압시스템학회논문집
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2005

For the reliability evaluation of the track drive unit(TDU), firstly, we analyzed the major failure modes through FMEA(failure mode & effects analysis), FTA(failure tree analysis), and 2-stage QFD(quality function deployment), and then quantitatively determined the priority order of test items. The Minitab analysis was also performed for prediction of life distribution and parameters of TDU by use of field failure data collected from 430 excavators for two years. In addition, we converted the fluctuation load in field conditions into the equivalent load, and for evaluation of the accelerated lift by the cumulative fatigues, the equivalent load is again divided into the fluctuation load by reference of test time. And then, by use of the test method in this paper, the acceleration factor(AF) of needle bearing inside planetary gear which is the most weakly designed part of TDU is achieved as 5.3. This paper presents the quantitative selection method of test items for reliability evaluation, the determination method of the accelerated life test time, and the method of non-failure test time based on a few of samples. And, we proved the propriety of the proposed methods by experiments using a TDU for a 30 ton excavator.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2006

In the resultant period of architectural transition and a tendency towards unthinking formalism, it is all the more important for designers to question the meaning of their actions and their role in society. Modern architects were convinced that their visions were reality, their ideas truth. Yet this assumption is was the fundamental issue, for what reality and how is it perceived? Harries argues a rediscovery of a language of natural symbols, which might help create buildings that are experienced as necessary rather than arbitrary. These symbols are said to express the essential patterns of human existence in the world. In the Frank Lloyd Wright's works, the uniqueness of his architecture lies in its expression and interpretation of nature and people's existence in the world. This study is intended to be an investigation of the nature of physical expression and perception of the reality known, and to seek to present Wright's philosophy of house design in relation to nature and non-arbitrary architecture. Finally this paper concludes that the architectural expression of expressions of Wright's houses are timeless and full of lift, and these built qualities are necessary and could not readily be otherwise.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제45권4호
• /
• pp.259-266
• /
• 2012

Objectives: This study aims to determine the risk factors predicting rehospitalization by comparing three models and selecting the most successful model. Methods: In order to predict the risk of rehospitalization within 28 days after discharge, 11 951 inpatients were recruited into this study between January and December 2009. Predictive models were constructed with three methods, logistic regression analysis, a decision tree, and a neural network, and the models were compared and evaluated in light of their misclassification rate, root asymptotic standard error, lift chart, and receiver operating characteristic curve. Results: The decision tree was selected as the final model. The risk of rehospitalization was higher when the length of stay (LOS) was less than 2 days, route of admission was through the out-patient department (OPD), medical department was in internal medicine, 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases code was neoplasm, LOS was relatively shorter, and the frequency of OPD visit was greater. Conclusions: When a patient is to be discharged within 2 days, the appropriateness of discharge should be considered, with special concern of undiscovered complications and co-morbidities. In particular, if the patient is admitted through the OPD, any suspected disease should be appropriately examined and prompt outcomes of tests should be secured. Moreover, for patients of internal medicine practitioners, co-morbidity and complications caused by chronic illness should be given greater attention.

• 한국주거학회논문집
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.77-85
• /
• 2006

This study aims to propose the comprehensive evaluation of performance multi-family housing. Most of the existing studies for the reproduction have evaluated by the safety of structure. Therefore those pass over the functional factors which is important for the evaluation of residential qualities. This study represents that the reproduction renovation should not be secured the safety of structure but established the quality of lift. And questionnaire asking expert's opinion also supplemented. As a result, the item for examination and the weight for evaluation are suggested in functional deterioration. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. Existent redevelopment criteria are not appropriate to decide the environmental comfort, the vital function of housing and the residential management finance. 2. The future criteria have to evaluate the existing environmental comfort, be reconstructed to put first general deterioration. 3. Evaluation elements was extracted throughout the document research, evaluation elements analysis system was separated in residential area, suburb of dwellings, community, and housing complexity environmental assesment, 4. Each category of influence ratio was extracted to assess total deterioration throughout the expert question survey. 5. Each category analysed (1) $0{\sim}30%$: function is good (unnecessary to improve) (2) $31{\sim}40%$: average (necessary of partial improvement) (3) $41{\sim}59%$: bad (necessary of total improvement) (4) $60{\sim}100%$: the worst (unable to improve throughout the repair)

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.229-236
• /
• 2013

This paper presents the experimental investigation of a biplane micro air vehicle. The effects of geometric parameters, gap, stagger, and decalage angle are investigated at low Reynolds number (~150,000) in a low-speed wind tunnel. A rigid flat plate with an aspect ratio of one and square planform shape is used to evaluate all three geometric parameters. The side dimension of the single flat plate is 0.15 m. The goal is to find an optimal biplane configuration that should exceed monoplane performance by generating high lift and flying as slow as possible, in order to capture high-quality visual recordings. This configuration will directly help to fly at a lower velocity and to make tighter turns that are advantageous in restricted environments. The results show that the aerodynamic performance of the biplane MAV is significantly enhanced through the combination of gap and stagger effects. A performance comparison demonstrates the superiority of the optimal biplane configuration compared to a monoplane in cruise and glide phases. Moreover, no significant compromise is found for the range, endurance, and climb performance.