• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.148-154
• /
• 2010

In this study, a method for river water quality evaluation by algal examination was investigated. For development of this method, algae living in small rural streams in Gwangcheon-Cheon were collected and observed by microscope. Samples were collected at six stations from May 2008 to May 2009. To elucidate the relationship between pollution and the algal species, diatom grasps were collected from the streams and used to determine the water quality grade. The numerical EC value was compared with the value of DAIpo (Diatom Assemblage Index of Organic Water Pollution), and the results showed a tendency to a mutually inverse relationship. Further, the numerical BOD and COD values were compared to the DAIpo value. The results showed that, various diatoms reside in Gwangcheon-Cheon, and water quality was found to be second-grade at all the examined points. These results indicate pollution of streams by livestock wastewater; however continuous monitoring will be necessary to more definitely determine the reason for the Gwangcheon-Cheon pollution.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.480-487
• /
• 2008

Spatial and temporal analyses of water qualities were performed for 11 monitoring stations located in Mangyung watershed in order to analyze the trends of monthly water quality data of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP) measured from 1995 to 2004. The long-term trends were analyzed utilizing Seasonal Mann-Kendall test, LOWESS and three-dimensional graphs were constructed with respect to distance and time. The graph can visualize spatial and temporal trend of the long-term water quality in a large river system. The results of trend analysis indicated that water quality of BOD and TN showed the downward trend. This quantitive and quantitative analysis is the useful tool to analyze and display the long-term trend of water quality in a large river system.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.280-292
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The objective of this study was to build COD regression models for the Han River and evaluate water quality. Methods: Water quality data sets for the dry season (as of January) during a four-year period (2012-2015) were collected from the database of the Han River automatic water quality monitoring stations. Statistical techniques, including combined genetic algorithm-multiple linear regression (GA-MLR) were used to build five-descriptor COD models. Multivariate statistical techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) are useful tools for extracting meaningful information. Results: The $r^2$ of the best COD models provided significant high values (> 0.8) between 2012 and 2015. Total organic carbon (TOC) was a surrogate indicator for COD (as COD/TOC) with high reliability ($r^2=0.63$ in 2012, $r^2=0.75$ for 2013, $r^2=0.79$ for 2014 and $r^2=0.85$ for 2015). The ratios of COD/TOC were calculated as 2.08 in 2012, 1.79 in 2013, 1.52 and 1.45 in 2015, indicating that biodegradability in the water body of the Han River was being sustained, thereby further improving water quality. The BOD/COD ratio supported these findings. The cluster analysis revealed higher annual levels of microorganisms and phosphorous at stations along the Hangang-Seoul and Hantangang areas. Nevertheless, the overall water quality over the last four years showed an observable trend toward continuous improvement. These findings also suggest that non-point pollution control strategies should consider the influence of upstreams and downstreams to protect water quality in the Han River. Conclusion: This data analysis procedure provided an efficient and comprehensive tool to interpret complex water quality data matrices. Results from a trend analysis provided much important information about sources and parameters for Han River water quality management.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.65-74
• /
• 2005

한국수자원공사는 전국을 대상으로 지하수의 수위 및 수질의 변동을 관측하고 국내 지하수자원의 보전 관리를 위한 기반 구축을 위하여 국가지하수 관측소를 설치${\cdot}$운영하고 있다. 자동 관측장비를 관측정 내에 설치하여 6시간 간격으로 지하수위, 온도, 전기전도도를 관측하고 있다. 주기적인 관측소 현장점검과 노후화된 혹은 고장난 관측장비 교체 및 수리 등의 작업에도 불구하고 자동 관측 및 전송의 내재적 한계로 인하여 부분적으로 이상값이 발생하고 있다. 그런데 이러한 이상값의 발생으로 인한 자료의 교란이나 관측 발생기간을 줄이기 위해서는 빠른 인지와 대처가 필요하다. 본 단보에서는 한강유역 국가 지하수 관측소 2000년도 지하수 관측 원자료에 대하여 이상값이 발생되는 시기와 빈도를 분석하였고 그 결과 지하수위는 급하강, 수온은 무변동 그리고 전기전도도는 급하강 이상이 가장 많이 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 각 해당항목에 대해 이상값 판단기준을 실례로 제시하였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.23-30
• /
• 1991

The major purpose of this study is to delineate and assess the regional $SO_2$ levels in Seoul. This study is based on 1988 year-round data from 20 air quality continuous monitoring stations in Seoul. Statistical analyses were attempted, statistical parameters such as average concentration, standard deviation, maximum concentration, minimum concentration and monthly highest concentration were included in the analyses. In addition, Larsen's averaging time analysis was evaluated in terms of 24-hr concentration. The $SO_2$ levels in 1988 were that most stations except Daechidong, Sinlimdong, Jamsil 2, Bangidong violate the long-term standard (annual average 0.05 ppm) and the percentage of number of days within a year in which the 24-hr average concentration observed exceeds short-term standard (0.15 ppm) are; 37% at Deungchondong, 30% at Sinseoldong, mor than 20% at Ssangmundong, Myunmogdong and Oryudong.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제12권10호
• /
• pp.1033-1041
• /
• 2003

Hourly data of PM10 concentration collected from nine automatic air quality monitoring stations in Busan from 1999 to 2002 were analyzed to evaluate the spatio-temporal variation and meteorological characteristics of PM10 episodes in Busan metropolitan area. Mean concentrations ranged from 47$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ to 77$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥. For most stations, mean seasonal hourly concentrations are lowest in summer and highest in spring. PM10 episode above daily mean standard(150$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥) exhibited a maximum frequency at Gamjeondong and a minimum at Dongsamdong, and a maximum in March and a minimum in July and August. The diurnal variation of PM10 episode days is strongly influenced by traffic loads and meteorological conditions.

• 한국해양학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.43-48
• /
• 1981

To carry out baseline studies on monitoring systems for red tides in Jinhae bay, measurements and analyses were made on seawater samples from 15 sampling stations during 15 months from July, 1979. Water quality parameters studied are temperature, pH, DO, salinity, COD, SS, NO$\sub$3/, NO$\sub$2/, PO$\sub$4/, SiO$\sub$2/, Ca, Mg, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Chlorophyll ${\alpha}$, diatoms and dinoflagellates. Multiple regression analyses were undertaken with chlorophyll ${\alpha}$, cell numbers of diatoms and dinoflagellates as the dependent variables and water quality parameters as the independent variables. The results showed that biomass, expressed as total cell numbers of diatoms and dinoflagellates, was largely influenced by COD, salinity and nutrients.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.13-18
• /
• 2023

A subway station is a prominent multi-purpose facility where the quantitative management of fine dust, generated by various factors, is conducted. Recently, eco-friendly air purification methods using air-purifying plants are being discussed, with the focus on biofiltration through vegetation. Previous research in this field has confirmed the reduction effects of transition metals such as Fe, which have been identified as harmful to human health. This study aimed to identify the sources of fine dust dispersion within subway stations and derive an efficient operational strategy for air-purifying plants that takes into account the behavior characteristics of fine dust within multi-purpose facilities. The experiment monitored regional fine dust levels through IAQ stations established based on prior research. Also, the data was analyzed through time-series and correlation analyses by linking it with passenger counts at subway stations and the frequency of train stops. Furthermore, to consider energy efficiency, we conducted component-specific power consumption monitoring. Through this study, we were able to derive the optimal operational strategy for air-purifying plants based on time-series comprehensive analysis data and confirm significant energy efficiency.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.115-127
• /
• 1997

Nonpoint source (NPS) pollution from small watersheds has recently been brought into attention as a potential pollutant to streams and tnbutaries, as majority of them are experiencing water quality degradation. This necessiates the quantification of NPS loadings from agricultural and forested lands. And this study attempts to quantify daily loadings from forested and farm lands using hydrologic and water quality monitoring. The hydrologic monitoring program consists of five water level gauging stations along creeks and stream at the Banweol reservoir watershed having 1220 hectare in size. Water sam pies were taken and analyzeel periodically at the streamf low gaging sites and tributaries. Soil samples were also taken and the chemical constitutes analyzed. The primary results indicate that the major sources of pollution were small villages and dairy farms on the watersheds, constituting two-third of total nutrient loadings to the reservoir. However, the loadings from paddies and upland areas may cause a problem to the water quality of the reservoir and stream as the measured levels of total nitrogen and phosporus are not low enough to ignore. Further studies are needed to quantify the effects of landuses and treatments at a watershed scale.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제32권E호
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 1990

Abstract Over the last several decades, crop production in the United States increased largely due to the extensive use of animal waste and fertilizers as plant nutrient supplements, and pesticides for crops pests and weed control. Without the application of animal waste best management, the use of animal waste can result in nonpoint source pollution from agricultural land area. In order to increase nutrient levels and decrease contamination from agricultural lands, nonpoint source pollution is responsible for water quality degradation. Nonpoint source pollutants such as animal waste, ferilizers, and pesticides are transported primarily through runoff from agricultural areas. Nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus, can be a major water quality problem because they cause eutrophic algae growth. In 1985, it was presented that Watershed/Water Quality Monitoring for Evaluation BMP Effectiveness was implemented for Nomini Creek Watershed, located in Westmoreland County, Virginia. The watershed is predominantly agricultural and has an aerial extent of 1505 ha of land, with 43% under cropland, 54% under woodland, and 3% as homestead and roads. Rainfall data was collected at the watershed from raingages located at sites PNI through PN 7. Streams at stations QN I and QN2 were being measured with V-notch weirs. Water levels at the stream was measured using an FW-l Belfort (Friez FWl). The water quality monitoring system was designed to provide comprehensive assessment of the quality of storm runoff and baseflow as influenced by changes in landuse, agronomic, and cultural practices ill the watershed. As this study was concerned with the Nomini Creek Watershed, the separation of storm runoff and baseflow measured at QNI and QN2 was given by the master depletion curve method, and the loadings of baseflow and storm runoff for TN (Total Nitrogen) and TP (Total Phosphorus) were analyzed from 1987 through 1989. The results were studied for the best management practices to reduce contamination and loss of nutrients, (e.g., total nitrogen and total phosphorus) by nonpoint source pollution from agricultural lands.