• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1014-1024
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to exam me the effects of auricular acupuncture on insomnia in Korean elderly. Method: The study design was a triangulation study. Subjects were 40 elderly who were 65 years and over in Seoul, and 10 subjects for a qualitive study who were saturated with interviews and observation. The first auricular acupuncture was applied for three days, and this was applied to subjects on a 5 times series. The quantative data was analyzed by SPSS PC+ and the qualitive data was analyzed by driving of core meaning and abstract concepts using a semi-structural interview and observation. Result: I. The experimental group had higher significant sleep scores than that of the control group (t=32.739, p=.001). 2. The experimental group had higher significant self- satisfaction scores on sleep than that of the control group (t=30.049, p=.001). 3. In the qualitive study, insomnia characteristics before application of auricular acupressure therapy were confirmed by physical dysfunction, recall of past, and psychological dysfunction. Insomnia characteristics after application of auricular acupressure therapy were confirmed by recovery of physical dysfunction, improving recall of past, and recovery of psychological dysfunction. Conclusion: Auricular acupuncture was effective on insomnia in Korean elderly.

• Journal of Game and Entertainment
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

Roll Playing Game is currently one of the most popular game genre with qualitive and quantitative development from the start of Table RPG. Meanwhile the rules and systems of games have been repeated old system, that new RPG game are confronting many problems. In this paper, we propose a new design methodology for RPG games following types of RPG game, types of garners.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.115-124
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• 2004

The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship among personality characteristics, hope and quality of life(QOL) of breast cancer patients. The subjects of the study were the 113 breast cancer patients treated at 3 university hospitals in Daegu and Busan from June 1 to Sep. 30, 2003. Personality characteristics was measured by using Personality Inventory(NEO-PI), hope measured by using Nowotny's Hope Scale, and QOL by using a questionnaire developed by Ro(1988). Data were analyzed with SPSS program by frequency, range, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficients. The findings of this survey indicate 1) The mean personality characteristics item score was 2.64, hope was 2.78, and QOL was 3.19. It appeared that there was a slightly negative tendency about personality characteristics, hope and QOL of breast cancer patients. 2) There was a significant difference between personality characteristics, hope and QOL according to demographic factor. 3) There was a positive correlation between personality characteristics and hope(r=.49), hope and QOL(r=.377). Among subitem of hope and QOL especially confident, possibility of future, active participation, inner motivation and self esteem were positively correlated with personality characteristics especially extroversion, openness and conscientiousness. 4) There was a negative correlation between neuroticism and relation with neighbor(r=-.452), neuroticism and relation with family(r=-.344). It was found that personality characteristics, hope and QOL were essential concept for qualitive care of breast cancer patients and there were negative correlation with neuroticism toward relation with neighbor and relation with family. This study suggests that there would be further study to find out the importance and relationship among personality characteristics, hope and QOL of breast cancer patients.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

In social commerce, consumers can buy products at much cheaper price if the required minimum number of buyers are made. Social commerce has showed rapid growth as an innovative distribution system receiving highlights, however it is true that it hasn't been sufficiently studied. The purpose of the study for presents the direction of growth of the fashion industry with social commerce through qualitative studies. This study is to make a preference group of four people and a non-preference group of four people of social commerce users for the fashion items sold social commerce market and lastly proposes some improvements. The 'preference group' showed high familiarity and preference to social commerce; and they had the tendency of the pursuit of convenience and voluptuous shopping. The revisit of 'non-preference group' preferred open market and, had the tendency of economical shopping and, they are favorable to other categories of social commerce. The reasons of preference were that accessibility was good in fashion products purchasing behaviors in social commerce and, it was convenient and, price was good and new information on cheap and good products were provided; the reasons of non-preference were that the quality of the products and genuineness of articles are doubtful or, the price is not the lowest or, the carried over products were majority. In the perspective of the fashion products in social commerce they answered that it would be brighter but improvements are needed such as supplying exact information, the lowest price, diversified products and the subdivision of category.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.39-45
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine correlations between the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Reach Test (FRT), Timed Up & Go (TUG), Motor-Free Visual Perception Reach Test Vertical format (MVPT-V), Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Methods: The subjects used in this study were 35 stroke patients from Cheongju ST. Mary's hospital. Balance was measured by BBS, FRT. Functional mobility was measured by TUG. Visual perception was measured by MVPT-V. FIM was used to evaluate the activities of daily living. Data was analyzed using pearson product correlation. The TUG and MVPT-V index were analyzed by linear regression. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between FRT and BBS (r=0.89, p<0.01), FIM (r=0.74, p<0.05), MVPT-V (r=0.40, p<0.05), and TUG (r=-0.36, p<0.05). There was significant statistical differences between TUG and MVPT-V (r=-0.64, p<.01). However, statistically significant differences were observed between BBS and FIM (r=0.79, p<0.01). The visual close item of the MVPT-V showed the strongest variance in predicting TUG. Conclusion: The use of both quantitative and qualitive scales was shown to be a good measuring instrument for the classification of general clinical performances of stroke patients. In particular, the results suggest that the visual perception test may be able to predict functional locomotion in stroke patients.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.85-100
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• 2016

Local Agenda 21 organizations have been founded at the most divisions of local government in Chungcheongbuk-Do, but there has been no methods to monitor the total Sustainable Development trends. For the alternative solution of that problem in the Province, this study purposed (1) to develop Indicators fit to this Province (2) to examine the availability of the developed indicators adopting to each division section. Indicators were developed and examined by fields and Quantity / Quality considerations. As a 1st step, committee-composed with field professionals each-selected and developed Quantitative Sustainable Development Indicators(SDIs) optimized to Chungbuk-Province through critical discussions proposing Qualitative Indicators as a suggestion. In 2nd step, developed Indicators were applied and tested upon each divisions. Statistic data were used to calculate indices. 3rd step is adoption stage of Qualitative Indicators which were tested with questionnaire survey analysis. As a results, SDIs for Chungcheongbuk-Do -38 Quantitative SDIs within 4 provisions of 11 items with 8 Qualitative indicators categorization be put off- is developed. With the application test, 5 Quantitative Indicators- were found to be not adaptable because of lack or none of statistic data. Among the 8 Qualitative Indicators, 3 pairs found to be similar results in each pair which needed to be integrated into one. With them, bio-species related and health related Indicators were proposed to be newly added. Nation wide Sustainability comparison between divisions and Ecological Indicator selection are another themes to be considered.

• School Mathematics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.137-158
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• 2013

In this paper we compared waldorf education with korean public education in the area of teaching the numbers form 0 to 10. We took several characters of both. The korean education style has the characters like separation of 0~9 and 10, teaching of the meaning of ordinal numbers and cardinal numbers, use of storytelling. The waldorf education style has the characters like teaching of the qualitive meaning of numbers, use of storytelling, meeting numners in rhythm, teaching from whole to part.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.643-653
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• 2002

Periodontal supporting tissue goes through destruction by chronic inflammatory periodontal disease as two aspect. One is qualitive aspect such as alteration of periodontium, the other is quantitative aspect such as alveolar bone loss. According to many authors, PDL is responsible for biting force, and there are two mean. for measuring PDL's function - mobility test and biting force test. This study was conducted to compare the biting force with remaining bone level, that is, quantitative aspect of periodontium, in anterior and premolar teeth at periodontal maintenance phase. 17 patients on periodontal maintenance phase during 6 months at minimum were selected for this study. For the same condition, 4 anterior, canine, premolar teeth were tested by MPM-3000 bite-force register at the same time(a.m.l0-12), the same position, the same posture, by the same examiner. Patients of TMI), ill-fitting pros thesis, general disease, malocclusion and the teeth of TFO, absence of opposing teeth, malposition were excluded. Remaining bone level was measured on the panorama X-ray film through 5 level from 1mm below CEJ to root apex. Teeth were examined twice, and bigger one was selected. If the values showed large difference. examinatin was re-done and the mean was selected. The results were as follows ; 1. In the 4 anterior group, as the remaining bone is decreased, the average of maximal biting force is decreased. Especially, at 3/5 bone level, maximal biting force is decreased significantly(p<0.01). 2. In the canine group, as the remaining bone is decreased, the average of maximal biting force is decreased. Especially, at 2/5 bone level, maximal biting force is decreased significantly(p<0.01). 3. In the premolar group, as the remaining bone is decreased, the average of maximal biting force is decreased. Especially, at 3/5 bone level, maximal biting force is decreased significantly(p<0.05). From the results of this study, clinicians could utilize these efficiently when they have to determine the proper restorative materials, time for tooth extraction, treatment plan, prognosis.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2004

Objectives: In the past, latent dreams were emphasized in the psychiatric field, but these days the interest in manifest dreams is increasing as ego psychology develops. Hall and Nordby proposed that there are similarities between manifest dreams and real life. The Hall/Van de Castle System is a method of dream content analysis, which considers both the quantitive and qualitive analytic aspects of manifest dreams. Methods: The dreams of 232 males and females (M：F=127：105；mean age=21.02.7) were collected through the Most Recent Dream Method. Collected data were analyzed using the Hall/Van de Castle System. Results: Female subjects tended to be more detailed and meticulous in reporting their dreams. The dreams of male subjects showed a higher percentage in self-negativity (2=6.64, df=1, p=0.004), and the dreams of female subjects showed a higher percentage in group character (2=6.64, df=1, p=0.0099), dreamer-involved success (2=3.12, df=1, p=0.048), and good fortune (2=4.52, df=1, p=0.034). Conclusion: This study suggests the norm of dream content of Korean college students, and it presents the differences between Korean males and females, and between Korean college students and American college students. This study may contribute to further studies on dream content analysis.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.151-155
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• 2005

This study was carried out to get information for diversifying of resistant genes to bacterial blight (BB) in Japonica cultivar breeding programs. TWo hundred nine rice varieties were tested for qualitive resistance to four races of BB; HB9101 isolate for race K1, HB9102 isolate for race K2, HB9103 isolate for race K3, and HB01001 isolate for race K3a. Two hundred nine rice varieties were divided into five groups according to their race reaction. Fourteen Tongil-type varieties and ninetyseven Japonica varieties showed susceptible reaction to four races; Kl, K2, K3 and K3a. Thirteen Tongil-type varieties and thirty-one Japonica varieties were resistant to only one race; K1. Nine Tongil-type varieties and one Japonica variety were resistant to two races; K1 and K2. One Tongil-type variety and twenty-eight Japonica varieties were resistant to the three races; K1, K2, and K3. Fourteen Tongil-type varieties and one Japonica variety were resistant to four races; K1, K2, K3, and K3a. A number of Tongil-type varieties showed broad spectrum resistance to four races, while a number of Japonica varieties showed broad spectrum resistance to three races; K1, K2, and K3.