• 혜화의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.469-501
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• 2000

In the literature study on the cerebral palsy, the results were as follows : 1. Cerebral palsy is defined as a disorder of movement and posture due to a defect or lesion of the immature brain. For practical purposes it is useful to exclude from cerebral palsy those disorders of posture and movement which are of short duration, due to a progressive disease due solely to mental deficiency. 2. Cerebral Palsy is classified with quadriplegia, diplegia, hemi plegia, triplegia, and monoplegia or spastic CP, athetoid CP, ataxic CP, and combined classifications 3. Causes of Cerebral Palsy is any damage to the developing brain, whether caused by genetic or developmental disorders. And it is classified with prenatal.natal and postnatal causes. 4. Management consists of helping the child achieve maximum potential in growth and development. This should be started as early as possible with identification of the very young child who may have a developmental disorder. Certain medications, surgery, and braces may be used to improve nerve and muscle coordination and prevent dysfunction. 5. The aim of treatment is to encourage children and adults to learn to be as independent as possible. Some children and adults who have mild cerebral palsy will have no problems in achieving independence 6. Oji(五遲), Oyeon(五軟) and Okyeong(五硬) have the simmiar concepts with the cerebral palsy. 7. Oji(五遲) Oyeon(五軟) and Okyeong(五硬) are caused by seoncheon-pumbu-bujok(先天稟賦不足) and related with gan(肝), bi(脾) and sin(腎). 8. The treatment is achieved by the method of bogansin(補肝腎), ganggeungol(强筋骨) and boiungikki(補中益氣). And jihwanghwan(地黃丸) has been used most frequently.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.96-104
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• 2004

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the general status and prevalence of cerebral palsy, the complication and the activity of daily living in patients with cerebral palsy in Holt Ilsan Home. Methods: Cross-sectional study was performed on 113 cerebral palsy patients in Holt Ilsan Home with the medical records review, the physical examination, and the Modified Barthel index for the independency of activities of daily living. Results: The mean age of subjects was $28.1{\pm}12.7$ years and the duration of residence was $22.9{\pm}12.8$ years. The most common type of cerebral palsy according to the muscle tone abnormality was spastic type(53.1%). The most frequent condition in which extremities are involved were quadriplegia in 46.0%. The score of Modified Barthel index was significantly lower in mixed type for $16.9{\pm}24.0$ and quadriplegic type for $14.8{\pm}25.5$ compared with others. Conclusion: This study indicates that cerebral palsy patients in rehabilitation facility have severe medical problems such as musculoskeletal complications, visual and language problems, epilepsy and dependency in activities of daily living. Therefore more medical attention like long-term follow-up study and social supports is needed.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.929-937
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• 2019

A patients with quadriplegia and a history of pancreatectomy was administered Socheongryong-tang to reduce sputum. The patient's sputum decreased, but a sudden increase in blood sugar was observed. Ephedra is known to stimulate the sympathetic nerves to increase the blood pressure and blood sugar, but in healthy people, changes in blood sugar are not significant due to corrections by hormone regulation. However, this case suggests that ephedra can cause significant blood sugar increases in patients who undergo pancreatectomy or who have diabetes mellitus. Even though ephedra is highlighted for its usefulness in sputum reduction and in weight control, it should be carefully prescribed to patients with diabetes.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.39-42
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• 2021

Granuloma is an uncommon benign disease that develops in the process of wound healing. Pharyngeal or laryngeal granuloma can be associated with gastric reflux, mechanical injury or trauma including intubation, voice abuse, or foreign body. 50-year-old female was transferred to our institute with a huge mass occupying the upper aerodigestive tract causing dysphagia. The patient has been suffering from a brain hemorrhage for several months and was kept in bed due to the quadriplegia with stuporous mental status, and was tracheotomized. On examination, the whole oropharynx and hypopharynx was covered by a smooth-surfaced soft big diffuse granular mass, which extended down to the upper trachea through the larynx. The huge granuloma was successfully removed with surgery and was found to have a pedunculating stalk on the oropharyngeal posterior wall with a small mucosal defect, suggestive of the origin of the mass. The defect was closed primarily after the cauterization. The patient is now followed up regularly without any recurrence of the disease.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.108-115
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• 2021

본 연구는 기립성 저혈압이 동반된 경수부 척수손상 환자에서 플루드로코티손의 치료 효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 기립경사도 검사를 통해 기립성 저혈압으로 진단된 경수부 척수손상 환자 26명을 무작위로 배정하였고, 보존적 치료 혹은 추가로 플루드로코티손 치료 중 한가지를 시행하였다. 플루드로코티손은 주마다 0.1mg에서 0.2mg로 증량하여 총 2주간 투약하였고, 초기 및 2주 후의 혈압 및 심박수, 혈액학적 검사 수치의 변화를 평가하였다. 치료 2주 후에 치료군에서 기저 혈압의 유의미한 상승이 나타났다(p<.05). 기립성 혈압 감소의 비율 분석에서 치료군의 기립성 혈압 감소가 덜 나타나는 경향성을 보였다. 플루드로코티손 치료군의 7.69%에서 경증의 이상 반응을 보고하였다. 이를 통해 플루드로코티손이 기저 혈압의 상승 및 기립성 저혈압 감소를 통해 심혈관계 합병증 방지 및 재활치료 지속 등의 치료 효과를 나타내었음을 알 수 있으며, 척수손상 환자의 기립성 저혈압에서 하나의 치료 방안으로 고려해볼 수 있다고 생각된다.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2024

Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome (AHDS) is a rare X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder with abnormal thyroid function caused by mutation in the solute carrier family 16 member 2 (SLC16A2) gene. Clinical manifestations of AHDS are global or axial hypotonia, a variety of movement disorders, severe intellectual disability, quadriplegia or spastic diplegia, growth failure, and seizures. A 10-year-old boy visited our hospital with the chief complaint of newly onset generalized tonic seizures with vocalization of weekly to daily frequency. He showed early infantile hypotonia, severe intellectual disability, and frequent respiratory infections. He could not walk independently and was non-verbal. Electroencephalogram revealed generalized slow spike and waves with multifocal spikes and slow background rhythms. His tonic seizures were controlled with more than two anti-seizure medications (ASMs). At 11 years of age, he was evaluated for thyroid function as part of regular screening for ASM maintenance and was found to have abnormal thyroid function. We performed whole exome sequencing for severe global developmental delay, drug-resistant epilepsy, and abnormal thyroid function. The hemizygous c.940C>T (p.Arg314Ter) variant in the SLC16A2 gene (NM_006517.5) was identified and confirmed based on Sanger sequencing. Herein, we describe a case of an AHDS patient with late-onset drug-resistant epilepsy combined with congenital hypotonia, global developmental delay, and abnormal thyroid function results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the oldest adolescent among AHDS cases reported in Korea. In this report, clinical characteristics of a mid-adolescence patient with AHDS were presented.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.289-299
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• 2016

This study is aimed to report two cases of chronic kidney disease treated with Korean traditional medicine. We treated the patients with traditional herbal medicine and other treatments including acupuncture. We measured serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), albumin, red blood cell count(RBC), hemoglobin for several times during admission. Case 1 patient was diagnosed with right medulla infarction, bladder stone, chronic kidney disease. The symptoms were quadriplegia, right side dysesthesia, drowsiness and edema. Case 2 patient was diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction, hypertension, chronic kidney disease. The symptoms were right side weakness, delusion, anorexia, low back pain. Case 1 patient was hospitalized for 80 days, and case 2 patient was for 31 days. Korean traditional medicine decreased serum creatinine and BUN level, improved eGFR, increased RBC and hemoglobin. The symptoms of chronic kidney disease such as edema, general body weakness and anorexia were also improved. These cases suggest that Korean traditional medicine can be effective and safe for patients with chronic kidney disease.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.176-209
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• 1994

1. The Jung-Sa(正邪) of the Excessive Liver-Symptoms belongs to the eleven symptoms, there are blue face, blue thin fingernail, anger, fancy of larg body, dizziness, eye flame, Bell's palsy, hard swelling pain at braest, side pain going on the belly from the side, side pain and movement at the left side. 2. The Mi-Sa(微邪) of the Excessive Liver-Symptoms belongs to the four symptoms, there are meat in eye, edema in cheek, lack of appetite and diarrhea. 3. The Juk-Sa(賊邪) of the Excessive Liver-Symptoms belongs to the only one symptom, this is nosebleeding. 4. The Hu-Sa(虛邪) of the Excessive Liver-Symptoms belongs to the three symptoms, there are scrotum constraction, strain in belly and constipation. 5. The Sil-Sa(實邪) of the Excessive Liver-Symptoms belongs to the twenty eight symptoms, there are red eye, raised eyes(兩眼上?), spitting blood, sternocostal turgid pain, turgidity in belly, drooping testis, vomiting water acid, sickening, belching, confusion, impatience, frequent forgetfulness, headache, giddness, eye pain, deaf, ringing in the ear, feeling inverse, drying mouth, stuffiness sensation in the chest, chest pain, stuffiness sensation in the belly, bellyache, quadriplegia, spasm of extremities, tremor, alternate spells of fever and chills, high fever and strain in muscle. 6. Those symptoms, Red corner of the eye, red face, swelling on the forehead, stiff-neck and back strong, opisthotonos, constracture of the limbs, vomiting yellow bitter water, speech impediment, epilepsy, depression, strong tongue, different thing in throat, fullness and distention of the gastric region, feeling sick and tenesmus, have no connected with the Excessive Liver-Symptoms(肝實證) 7. The Excessive Liver-Symptoms(肝實證) is connected with the ganjabyoung(肝自病) and Hwa(火) which the pathology is, than because Mock(木) is excessive and Mock-Saeng-Hwa(木生火), the ganjabyoung(肝自病) and Sil-Sa(實邪) are many. 8. There are the sixteen symptoms with the exception of The Excessive Liver-Symptoms(肝實證), because supposed that the scholars in medicine included the union syndroms(合病), the combine syndroms(兼病) and the analysis of symptoms(辨證) in The Analysis of Five Visceral Symptoms. 9. During consideration of the symptoms at the above statements, where are many causes by Gan-Pung(肝風), there is difficult of distinction between the excessive Liver-Symptoms(肝實證) and C.V.A(Cerebral Vascular Attack). Because than NaeKyung(內經) distinguished between the excessive Liver-Symptoms(肝實證) and C.V.A., the future medical specialists connected with the excessive Liver-Symptoms(肝實證) and C.V.A.. 10. An appearance of Sang-Hwa(相火) that the liver possessed is divided into an appearance of Hwa(火), there will be making a study att the more necessary. 11. The cuases of each syndroms are consist of the origins of syndroms, its pathology and the positions where the syndroms appeared, I consider that is the various ways how judge the syndroms except the Five Pathogenic Factors(五邪). 12. If more than study will be achieved in all, the new definition will be standed about the Excessive and Deficient Five Visceral Syndroms(五臟虛實證), I consider this will be the foundation data that study the Oriental Medicine and the important data that is a judgement standard of clininc.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the problem on activities of daily living ; the problem which spinal cord injured patients have when they adapt in daily living ; Subjects were 113 members who used the hospital which is located in Kwangju-city from November 20, 2001 to May 20, 2002. The evaluation of the ADL was performed according to MBI and collected data were statistically analysed by SPSS PC for paired Chi-square test T-test, One way ANOVA and Duncan's post-hoc test. The result's were as follows; 1. Modified Barthel Index average mark was $63.77{\pm}33.60$ points and MBI score distribution according to characteristics of injury is as following. 1) A patient who had long duration of injury, small injury region, incomplete paralysis in paralysis degree, paraplegia in paralysis type got high MBI score as statistical and significantly(p<0.05). 2. Society adaptation state by characteristics of spinal cord injured is an following. 1) After lapse of time of disease, a patient who is injured for a long term present surrounding environmental problem, a patient who is injured for a short term shows psychological problem. In society activity, as lapse of time of disease is long, patient did many hobby activity and same private club, on the other hand as lapse of time of diseases is short, the others appeared high and significantly as statistical(p<0.01). 2) In society activity by injury region, cervical injury and thoracic injury did more hobby activity than lumbar injury and in lumbar injury same private club or religion life appeared higher than thoracic injury of cervical injury significantly as statistical(p<0.01). 3) In walk method by paralysis degree Complete paralysis had more wheelchair life than incomplete paralysis(p<0.01). 4) In serious problem by paralysis type psychological problem in quadriplegia and surrounding environmental problem in paraplegia appeared high and significantly as statistical(p<0.01). 3. In society adaptation state by MBI score difference between variables appeared but it wasn't significantly.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.728-736
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• 2015

Cronobacter spp.는 Salmonella spp.와 함께 조제분유에서 발견되는 미생물 중 위험도가 가장 높은 category A에 속하는 균으로 알려져 있다. 1958년 영국에서 처음으로 유아의 뇌수 막염의 원인균으로 보고되었으며, 감염 후 신생아에게서 괴사성 장염, 패혈증 등을 일으켜 후유증으로 시력과 청력 상실 및 신경마비를 일으키기도 한다. 이러한 위험성 때문에 Cronobacter spp.의 신속 검출 및 진단은 식중독 예방에 있어서 중요하다. 따라서 2002년 미국 식품의약품안전국에서는 분유에서의 Cronobacter spp.를 EE broth, VRBG 배지를 이용해 균을 분리 하고, TSA 배지에 순수분리 후 노란색을 발하는 colony를 생화학적 실험을 통해 검출하는 방법을 제시했다. 또한, 우리나라 식품공전에서도 배지를 이용하여 Cronobacter spp.를 검출 하는 방법에 대해 등재하였다. 하지만 배지배양법을 기반으로 하는 Cronobacter spp.의 검출방법은 검출에 소요되는 시간과 노동력 등이 비효율적이라는 단점이 있다. 따라서 많은 시간이 소요되는 배지배양법을 보완하고자 PCR, real-time PCR 방법 및 최근에는 PCR기법과 ELISA, CE-LIF 등을 결합하여 검출하는 방법이 개발되어 Cronobacter spp.의 검출에 사용되기도 하였다. Cronobacter spp.의 검출에 사용되고 있는 분자생물학적 기반의 PCR 및 real-time PCR 기법은 민감도와 특이도가 좋으며, 배지배양법에 의한 검출방법에 비해 검출 시간을 획기적으로 줄일 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 하지만 까다로운 실험과정과 조작에 있어서 필요한 전문적인 기술이 필요함은 한계점으로 사료된다. 면역학적 방법에 의한 Cronobacter spp. 검출에 관한 연구를 통해, 분석에 소요되는 상당시간을 단축할 수 있었으며, 민감하고 특이적인 검출이 가능함을 보여주었다. 특히 일부 연구보고에서 면역학적 검출방법은 고가의 장비가 필요 없으며, 간단한 지침에 따라 모니터링 업무의 수행이 가능하다고 하였다. 면역학적 검출방법에는 ELISA 방법 외에도 immunomagnetic bead, liposome, immunochromatographic strip 등이 개발되고 있다. 우리나라 식품의약품안전처에서는 영 유아 대상 식품의 안전관리를 강화하고자 Cronobacter spp.에 대해서는 '불검출'로 기준을 설정 운영하고 있으며, 지속적으로 이에 관한 규정을 강화하고 있는 실정이다. 따라서, 식품산업체 및 식품 의 제조, 가공, 유통 현장에서 쉽게 모니터링이 가능하며, 신속, 민감하고 특이적인 검출방법의 개발은 지속되어야 한다.