• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.21-39
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• 2002

Objectives : This study is designed to evaluate the psychological characteristics of Sasang Constitution(Origin and Nature & Emotion Group) by MBTI. Methods : 200 people were tested by QSCCII(Origin and Nature & Emotion Group) and MBTI. It is analyzed by ANOVA, Frequency, Crosstabulation, Duncan & Scheffe Post Hoc Tests. Results : 1. The number of Soyangin was 73, Soeumin was 49, Taeumin was 50, Not classified was 28 in Origin group and Soyangin was 114, Soeumin was 28, Taeumin was. 26 in Nature & Emotion group. When we evaluate QSCCII with 38 Nature & Emotion questionaires, the number of Soyangin are incresed compare to Origin Group. 2. The most three MBTI Types are Soyangin ISTJ, ISTP, ESTJ, Soeumin IJST, ISTP, INTJ, Taeumin ISTJ, ESTP, ESTJ, in Origin Group and Soyangin ISTJ, ESTJ, ISTP, Soeumin ISTJ, ISTP, INTJ, Taeumin ISTJ, ESTP, ISFP in Nature & Emotion Group. There is no significant difference between Origin and Nature & Emotion Group in ststistics. 3. Soeumin & Taeumin tended to be introverted, judging types in Origin and Nature & Emotion Group. Soeumin tended to be intuition type in Nature & Emotion Group. Conclusion : We have not significant differences on peculiarity of sasang constitution compared to MBTI between Origin and Nature & Emotion Group in ststistics.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.47-54
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• 2005

Objectives : In order to find Sasang constitutional therapies on Parkinson's disease and to make a fundamental basis for clinical application, this study was performed. Methods : We recruit thirty five person as the disease group and we test them by QSCCII. also, We estimate them by UPDRS scale. Results : In the distribution of sasang constitution among parkinson's disease patients and controls, we can know that in the distribution of sasang constitution among parkinson's disease patients, Taeumin has a large division. but we don't find out significantly difference statistically. In the distribution of UPDRS Std. score of sasang constitution, we find out significantly difference statistically. Conclusion : Unfortunately, we fail to lead significantly difference statistically in the sasang constitution among parkinson's disease patients and controls. But, in the distribution of UPDRS Std. score of sasang constitution, we fine out significantly difference statistically. Consequencely, it is necessary that further study on the theme in the more sample.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.24-34
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• 2001

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the body shape of Sasang Constitutions by body composition and body measurement. Methods : This study was carried out 98 cases(68 males and 30 females)of Oriental Medical College at Kyunghee University. After determining the Sasang Constitutions(Soeumin, Soyangin, Taeumin) by QSCCII, the body shape of each group were analysed by body composition(INBODY 2.0, Biospace, seoul, korea) and body measurement. Results : 1) The result of Sasang Constitution analysis of 98 cases were classified as Soumin(52%), Soyang(24.5%), Taeumin(23.5%). 2) In the body composition and body measurement, there were significant difference from intercellular fluid, protein, mineral mass, weight, percent body fat, body water of left arm and BMI between Taeumin, Soyangin and Soumin. 3) In the body composition of male, Taeumin group showed that the arms were more developed than the legs and the upper trunk were more developed than the lower trunk. Soumin group showed the asymmetry of the right and left limbs. Soyang group showed the asymmetry of the right and left arms. In the body composition of female, Taeumin group showed the asymmetry of the right and left upper limbs. Conclusion : There are significant relationships between Sasang Constitutions, Body composition and BMI. The findings indicated here Body composition could be useful mean to make a diagnosis of the body shape, body type, physical constitution of Sasang constitutions.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.281-293
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• 1999

1. The backdrop of the study. Accurate diagnasis of the constitution is very important Sasang constitution medicine. This study make research of man's penis and woman's breast, make observation these are significant or not in diagnosis of the constitution. 2. The process. The constitution of the people was diagnosed by QSCCII, specialist, (86 persons, men 39, women 47), the men was taken measure of atony and excited length, thickness of the penis with a rule, thread. the women have a personal interview about her height, weight, the girth of the breast, brassiere cup size. 3.The result. This study shows that Tae-eum-in Is 28 persons(32.6%), So-eum-in 37 persons (43%), So-yang-in 21 persons(24.4%). Man's observation is insignificant statistically, woman's observation is insignificant statistically too.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.100-117
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• 2003

Background In Sasang Constitutional Medicine (SCM), human beings are classified into four constitutions: Taeyangin, Taewnin, Soyangin, and Soeumin. SCM presents various lifestyles and treatments for each constitution. The problem of SCM is that its diagnosis is so subjective that the result of the diagnosis depends on the doctor. In order to solve this problem, multiple approaches have been objectively researched. To use a questionnaire is the most common method among the different approaches. Since there are a few problems in the Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification II (QSCC II), which in recent days has been used frequently, the necessity of a new questionnaire has arisen. Objective The purpose of this study is to develop a new questionnaire for the objectivity of the Sasang Constitution Classification by complementing the existing questionnaire. Methods In order to search for the existing questionnaire's problems, I first compare the ratio of the amount of questions regarding external appearance to that of questions of mental characteristics and physiologic & pathologic symptoms in QSCCII and QSCCII +. We created the new questionnaires by reinterpreting ${\ulcorner}Dongyi$ Soose $Bowon{\lrcorner}$ through SCM professors' and medical residents' discussion and by adding some items related to the diagnosis about the constitution from other SCM books and clinical experience. Results 1. The new questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification is self-reported questionnaire based on a multiple choice system of 4 questions. 2. The new questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification consists of 28 questions, which include 7 questions about external appearance, 4 questions about mental characteristics, and 17 questions about physiologic & pathologic symptoms. 3. The new questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification consists of 24 questions of Taeyangin, 28 of Taeumin, 28 of Soyongin, 28 of Soeumin. 4. We will have to verify validity and reliability of new questionnaire for rhe Sasang Constitution Classification.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.512-521
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• 2008

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Sasang constitution and body composition of the two groups devided by chest PA. Method : This study was carried out on 60 students of Semyung University. The students were selected according to the aspect ratio of rt. lung from chest PA. They were divided into two groups(length group and width group) and administered QSCCII & body composition analysis. Result : The 30 students of the length group were classified as Soumin(15), Soyangin(9), and Taeumin(6). The 30 students of the width group were classified as Taeumin(20), Soyangin(9), and Soumin(1). In the width group, weight, total body water, amount of total body fat, muscles, viceral fat area(VFA), waist hip ratio(WHR), were significantly higher than in the length group. Conclusion : There were significant relationships between the shape of lung and constitution and body composition. These findings indicate that actual organ condition could be expressed in body shape.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.270-280
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• 2007

The objectives of study are to investigate the relationship between Sasang Constitution(四象醫學) and measuring items of the head and face and to develop useful diagnosis standard of Sasang Constitution. Subjects took QSCCII(Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification II) tests repeatedly at an interval of one year and were diagnosed as same constitutions. The 9 Items were measured by Martin-type anthropometric method in 112 subjects. Compared with measurements of 3 constitutions, the mean values in Taeeum-in(太陰人) showed highest and there were significant differences in 7 items between Taeeum-in(太陰人) and other constitutions. Especially, Measurements of Bitragus to Submandibular Arc Length(BSAL) item and Bitragus to Menton Arc Length(BMAL) item showed significant differences between Taeeum-in(太陰人) male and other constitutions male. It seems that BSAL and BMA items can differentiate Taeeum-in(太陰人) from other constitutions and these items have possibility to be a diagnosis standard of Sasang Constitution.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.215-225
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• 2003

Purpose: Sasang constitutional medicine is Korea's creative medical science, that has attracted public attention. But for lack of indices in objectifying constitutions, there are difficulties for most of health professionals in approaching Sasang medicine. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of clinical diagnostic data according to the type of Sasang constitution. Method: The subjects were 195 examinees who had a general health check-up at A hospital. The instrument used for this study were Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Class II(QSCCII) program for personal computer developed by Kim Sun Ho et al. Result: The distribution of constitutions of the subjects were the So-eum 46.7%, the Tae-eum 36.9% and the So-yang 16.4%. The level of body compositionrelated indices(body weight, obesity) of the Tae-eum were significantly higher than those of other constitutions. In heart-related indices, systolic BP were the highest in the Tae-eum. In liver-related indices, the level of triglyceride, SGPT were significantly higher in the Tae-eum. But the hematologic indices and lung-related indices were not showed significantly difference among any constitutions. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there were significant difference of clinical diagnostic data according to Sasang constitutions, especially in the Tae-eum. So, to understand the human nature of nursing clients, nurses need to apply the oriental based medical theory, like Sasang constitution, to the discipline of nursing.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.173-182
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was founded to identify perception and ways of coping with stress according to classification of Sasangin(4 constitutions). Method: The subjects were 258 regular students who majored in oriental medicine in Jechon and Seoul. Data was collected by 3 types of questionnaires for 3 months; Perceived stess, ways of coping, Questionnaires of Sasang Constitution Classification (QSCCII). Data analysis was conducted by SPSS version 10. Result: 1) Difference of perceived stress in Sasangin: Perceived stress by the Sasangin indicated that Soeumin perceived more stress than Soyangin and Taeumin(P=.013). 2) Different method in coping with stress of Sasangin: It was found that Soeumin didn't make use of emotional coping way according to the analysis(P=.040). 3) Relationship between ways of coping for stress and perceived stress in Sasangin: It was shown that as Soeumin perceived stress so higher than Soyangin and Taeumin, they tended to use the solving problem-method therefore it was shown to have a negative correlation(P=.044). Conclusion: In conclusion, it was found that there were differences of Sasangin in perceived stress and ways to cope with it. The dose relationship between the perception and coping method of stress was found.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.121-132
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was done to investigate the relativity of thermography to HRV(heart rate variability) in Sasang constitutional groups. Methods : We investigated 87 healthy workers consisted of 10 Taeumin, 47 Soeumin, 30 Soyangin. After diagnosing the Sasang constitution by QSCCII(Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitutional Classification), we ana lysed their HRV -time domain and frequency domain and also checked their thermography in April 2009. Results & Conclusions : Analysing the thermography, The whole skin temperature was showed equaly in many Taeumin, the face, Upper burner skin temperature was showed high in many Soeumin, and the abdomen skin temperature was showed low in many Soyangin. The relativity of the sympathetic index to skin temperature was high in Taeumin. The higher sympathetic index, the higher Upper burner skin temperature in Taeumin, the higer most of the skin temperature in Soyangin, lower the whole skin temperature in Soeumin.