• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.1382-1397
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• 1991

JBIG에서 추천된 QM-CODER를 G3 FAX에 적용하기 위한 방법과 실험결과를 제시 한다. 실제 구현을 위하여 다음 세가지 특성을 가지도록 QM-CODER를 수정한다 : 1) 전송 에러의 누적을 막기 위하여 line마다 초기화 한다. 2) 확률 추정을 위한 context를 1화소로 한다. 3) G3 기종과 같이 최소 scan line time를 10msec로 하기 위하여 Fill Bit를 추가한다. 실험 결과 수정된 QM-CODER가 저가형 G3 FAX에 유용하다는 것을 보였다. 또한 dither된 화상에 대하여 고압축율을 얻기 위하여 QM-CODER를 적용하기전에 rearrange process를 사용하여 기존의 QM-CODER를 사용하는 것보다 1.13,1.31배 압축율 높였다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.698-704
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• 2019

Quercus mongolica (QM), which belongs to fagaceae, is one of the oak native to Korea. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of branches extracted with 70% ethanol of QM (QM-B) and elucidated the potential signaling pathway in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The QM-B showed anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of NO production. The QM-B dose-dependently suppressed NO production by inhibiting iNOS, COX-2 and IL-6 expression in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The QM-B inhibited the degradation and phosphorylation of IκB-α and NF-κB activation. The QM-B suppressed the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2. Also, the QM-B increased HO-1 expression. These results suggested that QM-B may utilize anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway and inducing HO-1 expression indicated that the QM-B can be used as a natural anti-inflammatory drugs.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.238-256
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• 1998

Background : There have been many studies and efforts about quality management in health services, but these were not focused on the thinking ability of the personnel. In this study, We planned to define the relationship between Quality Management(QM) and thinking skill, and analyzed critical thinking skill and problem solving ability of the nurses for QM in healthcare. Methods : We surveyed 260 nurses in 3 hospitals by using questionnaires about thinking skills and QM from November 18 to 28, 1998. The response rate was 76.9%. We described and analyzed the data by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and non-parametric Friedman test using SPSS Win 7.5. Results : This study revealed that 1) understanding level of QM concepts was very low and insufficient, 2) willingness to practice QM in healthcare was relatively high and affirmative, but the positive attitude taking part in the program of QM is very low(4.5%), 3) even though the necessity of QM was recognized, actual application of critical thinking skills and problem solving abilities is lacking, 4) the production of idea for QM was the most insufficient, and so the next of the problem solving process(QA cycle) was the same. Conclusion : Based on the above results, we can conclude that understanding the concepts of QM is very important to solve problems about QM in healthcare. For development of thinking skill to promote critical problem solving ability for QM in healthcare, it is necessary to improve curriculum of nursing education and teaching-learning methods of QM strategy and technique.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.165-174
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• 2021

This study aimed to ascertain whether electronic courses at the deanship of electronic learning and distance education at Umm Al-Qura University meet the quality standards developed by the Quality Matters (QM) organization. This endeavor adopted a mixed method of an explanatory sequential research design for an in-depth understanding of the topic under scrutiny. The sample of the study consisted of ten courses designed at the deanship and reviewed using an evaluation form. The results showed that the courses in focus did not meet the criteria of QM. Based on this finding, a semi-structured interview was designed to collect relevant data from the syllabus designers at the deanship. The interviews yielded information on the difficulties the course designers faced when designing QM-criteria-based courses. The results obtained from the interviews showed that the designers experienced administrative, technical, and faculty-member-related challenges that, when producing online courses, intercepted their way to achieving the QM standards. The study closed with some recommendations, the most important of which is a call for re-developing online courses in alignment with the well-recognized QM standards.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.570-575
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• 2012

In a wireless communication RF transmitter, the output of a quadrature modulator (QM) is distorted by not only the linear imperfection features such as in/quadrature-phase (I/Q) input gain imbalance, local phase imbalance, and local gain imbalance but also the nonlinear imperfection features such as direct current (DC) offset and mixer nonlinearity related to in-band spurious signal. In this paper, we propose the unified QM model to analyze the combined effects of the linear and nonlinear imperfection features on the performance of the QM. The unified QM model consists of two identical nonlinear systems and modified I/Q inputs based on the two-port nonlinear mixer model. The unified QM model shows that the output signals can be expressed by mixer circuit parameters such as intercept point and gain as well as the imperfection features. The proposed approach is validated by not only simulation but also measurement.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.3969-3982
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• 2014

본 연구는 노후주거지의 근린재생 정책 및 새로운 계획방향이 요구되는 시점에서, 이를 앞서 진행하고 있는 독일, 베를린의 근린재생프로그램(QM)을 분석하고, 시사점을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 향후 국내 노후 저층주거지의 근린재생 정책을 수립하는데 도움이 되기 위함이다. 따라서 독일의 지역재생 정책과 현황을 고찰한 후, QM프로그램의 전략, 자금지원 및 활용계획, 프로그램 적용지역, 지역선정 기준 등에 대해 분석하였다. 또한 유형별 특징을 분석한 후 국내 주거지 재생과 관련된 주요 사례를 분석하였다. 현지조사, 면담 및 이론연구가 병행되었다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2022

메추리 근육세포주인 QM7 세포는 다양한 연구에서 이용되고 있다. 세포배양에 있어서, 배양액의 조건은 세포의 성장과 분열에 많은 영향을 미친다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 QM7 근육세포 배양에 좀더 적절한 배양액 조성을 맞추어 나가기 위해 진행되었다. 이를 위해 세포배양 시, 기존에 사용하던 배양액에서 10% tryptose phosphate broth(TPB) 대신 2% chicken serum(CS)를 넣어 만든 배양액을 기존 배양액을 사용하는 경우와 비교하였다. CS를 넣어 만든 배양액에서 QM7 근육세포는 가늘고 뾰족한 모양에서 좀더 넓어지는 모양으로 바뀌었다. 또한, 기존 배양액에서보다 CS를 넣어 만든 배양액에서 더 빠르게 성장하고 분열하였다. 이는 세포 계대 후 2일차부터 증가하기 시작하여 3일차부터는 세포수가 유의적으로 많았다. CS를 넣은 배양액에서 유지한 근육세포는 분화 전에는 그 미분화 상태를 잘 유지하고 있다가, 분화를 유도하면 근관 형성이 잘 일어나 길이가 좀더 길고 일정하게 분화되는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과에 따라, QM7 근육세포를 배양하는데 있어서 TPB를 이용하는 것보다 CS를 이용하면, 세포의 유지 및 분화에 있어 더 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.1-15
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• 1994

Korean QM movement is initiated by Government from 1992 as a new industrial promotion policy instead of past Japanese style TQC movement. There has been much confusions among Korean QM, TQC, and western quality management or TQM. This paper presents the domain and the characteristics of QM to distinguish it from past TQC propulsion.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2015

MSK보다 스펙트럼의 부엽 억제 특성이 우수한 GMSK를 직교 다중화한 quadrature multiplexed GMSK (QM-GMSK)는 quadrature-quadrature PSK($Q^2PSK$)나 quadrature MSK(QMSK)에 비해 보다 주엽의 폭은 다소 넓지만 부엽이 크게 억제되므로 실제 스펙트럼 효율이 상대적으로 더 높다. QM-GMSK에서 기저대역 기본 펄스를 반파장 정현파의 제곱으로 근사화시키면 QM-GMSK 변조에서 필요한 가우시안 저역통과필터(GLPF)를 사용하지 않고 송신기를 구현할 수 있어서 구조가 간단해지는데, 이것이 offset-$Q^2PSK$($OQ^2PSK$)이다. $OQ^2PSK$는 별도의 필터 사용이 요구되지 않으면서 QM-GMSK와 유사한 스펙트럼 특성을 갖는 장점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 $OQ^2PSK$에서 심볼 길이보다 긴 RC(raised-cosine) 또는 SRC(squared raised-cosine) 펄스를 사용하여 중첩 펄스정형함으로써 $OQ^2PSK$보다 스펙트럼 특성을 개선시킨 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 방식을 사용하면 더욱 부엽의 크기가 억제된 스펙트럼 특성을 얻을 수 있으면서 비트오율 성능이 $OQ^2PSK$와 대등한 결과가 얻어지는 것을 확인하였다.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.195-209
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• 2013

Purpose of this study is to empirically consider relation between QM activity factor and management result. For this, following 6 major variables of QM activity were established as independent variable; CEO's leadership, communication, process control, standardization, full participation and education/training while satisfaction of members and improvement of quality were established as dependent variable. And, a model was set up and hypothesis verification was conducted on the basis of data collected through questionnaires. The results are summarized as follows; First, QM factors which influenced satisfaction of members in management result were CEO's leadership, communication, process control, full participation and education/training but 'standardization' factor was not statistically significant. Second, QM factors which influenced improvement of quality in management result were CEO's leadership, communication, standardization, full participation and education/training but 'process control' factor was not statistically significant. Third, among main factors of QM activity, the factor which preferentially influenced satisfaction of members was 'full participation' factor while the factor which preferentially influenced improvement of quality was 'standardization' factor. According to such results, it is required to seek a statistical method regarding QM activity with focus on the factor of 'full participation' and 'standardization' among other things for the purpose of satisfaction of members as well as improvement of quality. It is believed that implication of this study can be useful information to realize management result considering main factors of QM activity and that it also can be basic reference data to seek a statistical method for satisfaction of members and improvement of quality by grasping core factors having influence over QM activity.