• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.231-239
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• 2022

The irregular shape of the disturbances is a fundamental issue for mining engineers at the Sidi Chennane phosphate deposit in Morocco. A precise classification of disturbed areas is therefore necessary to understand their part in the overall volume of phosphate. In this paper, we investigate the theoretical and practical aspects of studying and measuring multifractal spectrums as a defining and representative parameter for distinguishing between the phosphate deposit of a low rate of disturbances and the deposit of a high rate. An empirical multifractal approach was used by analyzing the disturbed areas through the geoelectric images of an area located in the Sidi Chennane phosphate deposit. The Generalized fractal dimension, D(q), the Singularities of strength, α(q), the local dimension, f(α) and their conjugate parameter the mass exponent, τ(q) as well as f(α)-α spectrum were the common multifractal parameters used. The results reported show wide variations of the analyzed images, indicating that the multifractal analysis is an indicator for evaluate and characterize the disturbed areas within the phosphates deposits through the studied geoelectric images. This could be the starting point for future work aimed at improving phosphate exploration planning.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.779-800
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• 2024

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks, also known as drone networks, have gained significant attention for their potential in various applications, including communication. UAV networks for communication involve using a fleet of drones to establish wireless connectivity and provide communication services in areas where traditional infrastructure is lacking or disrupted. UAV communication networks need to be highly secured to ensure the technology's security and the users' safety. The proposed survey provides a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art UAV network security solutions. In this paper, we analyze the existing literature on UAV security and identify the various types of attacks and the underlying vulnerabilities they exploit. Detailed mitigation techniques and countermeasures for the protection of UAVs are described in this paper. The survey focuses on the implementation of novel technologies like Q-learning, blockchain, IRS, and mmWave. This paper discusses network simulation tools that range in complexity, features, and programming capabilities. Finally, future research directions and challenges are highlighted.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.50-62
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• 2011

In this paper, analytical techniques for performance characteristics analysis of wind power generator with outer permanent magnet rotor are proposed. Furthermore, the proposed analytical techniques are validated by performance experiments of the manufactured generator. In this part, characteristic equations of losses such as copper loss, core loss are derived. Using the derived loss characteristic equations, electrical parameters obtained in [15] and d-q axes method, constant load and constant speed characteristics of wind power generator are analyzed. And then, to analyze performance of wind power system according to wind speed, d-q analysis model considering wind turbine characteristics is proposed. Finally, the obtained performance characteristics results are validated in comparison with those by experiments.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.373-382
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• 1998

Most of the works in Time Series Analysis are based on the Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models presented by Box and Jeckins(1976). If the data exhibits no ap-parent deviation from stationarity and if it has rapidly decreasing autocorrelation function then a suitable ARIMA(p,q) model is fit to the given data. Selection of the orders of p and q is one of the crucial steps in Time Series Analysis. Most of the methods to determine p and q are based on the autocorrelation function and partial autocor-relation function as suggested by Box and Jenkins (1976). many new techniques have emerged in the literature and it is found that most of them are over very little use in determining the orders of p and q when both of them are non-zero. The Durbin-Levinson algorithm and Innovation algorithm (Brockwell and Davis 1987) are used as recur-sive methods for computing best linear predictors in an ARMA(p,q)model. These algorithms are modified to yield an effective method for ARMA model identification so that the values of order p and q can be determined from them. The new method is developed and its validity and usefulness is illustrated by many theoretical examples. This method can also be applied to an real world data.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 1988

This study is to find the proper method of estimating urban road traffic capacity. To estimate road traffic capacity, the following methods are chosen ; 1) crossing point of Q-V and S-V, 2) critical velocity and density of Q-V-K model, 3) V-K model with density parameter. The density estimated through S-V relation is 174 veh./km. The methods used in this paper yields more stable values with 2286 veh./h/ in average. The estimated average capacity by three methods are 2272 veh./h. in multilane road. 2411 veh./h in three lane road and 2185 veh./h. in two lane road.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.137-141
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• 2005

The paper presents some methods to improve characteristics of film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) devices. The FBAR devices were fabricated on Bragg reflectors. Thermal treatments were done by sintering and/or annealing processes. The measurement showed a considerable improvement of return loss $(S_{11})$ and quality factor $(Q_{s/p}).$ These thermal treatment techniques seem very promising for enhancing FBAR resonance performance.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.68-74
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• 2014

Objective: In search of an ideal method of assisted hatching (AH), we compared the effects of conventional micropipette-AH and laser-AH on the blastocyst formation rate (BFR) and blastocyst cell numbers. Methods: Four-to five-week-old ICR female mice were paired with male mice after superovulation using Pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and hCG. The two-cell embryos were flushed from the oviducts of female mice. The retrieved two-cell embryos underwent one of five AH procedures: single mechanical assisted hatching (sMAH); cross mechanical assisted hatching (cMAH); single laser assisted hatching (sLAH); quarter laser assisted hatching (qLAH); and quarter laser zona thinning assisted hatching (qLZT-AH). After 72 hours incubation, double immunofluorescence staining was performed. Results: Following a 72 hours incubation, a higher hatching BFR was observed in the control, sMAH, cMAH, and sLAH groups, compared to those in the qLAH and qLZT-AH groups (p<0.05). The hatched BFR was significantly higher in the qLAH and qLZT-AH groups than in the others (p<0.05 for each group). The inner cell mass (ICM) was higher in the control and sMAH group (p<0.05). The trophectoderm cell number was higher in the cMAH and qLAH groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results showed that the hatched BFR was higher in groups exposed the the qLAH and qLZT-AH methods compared to groups exposed to other AH methods. In the qLAH group, although the total cell number was significantly higher than in controls, the ICM ratio was significantly lower in than controls.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.62-66
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• 2011

Deletions of 14q including band 14q32.33 are uncommon. Patients with terminal deletions of chromosome 14 usually share a number of clinical features. By molecular techniques (array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we identified a young girl with 0.3 Mb terminal 14q32.33 deletion. Review of the nine cases with pure terminal 14q32.3 deletions described to date documented that our observation is the smallest terminal 14q deletion ever reported. The phenotype of our patient is much less severe than the phenotypes of the patients reported previously. We report our experience in examining the clinical, behavioral, and cognitive findings in a 5-year-old girl studied with chromosomal microarray hybridization and reviewed previously reported patients with 14q32 deletions.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.134-146
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• 1993

A survey of the Chundong valley forest in Mt. Sobaek was conducted using 20 sample plots of 500$m^2$ size. The classification by TWINSPAN and DCA, CCA ordination techniques were applied to the study area in order to classify them into several groups based on woody plants and environmental variables. By TWINSPAN techniques, the plant community were divided into four groups. The dividing groups are Pinus densiflora community, Qurcus variabilis -Q. mongolica -P. densiflora community, Fraxinus rhynchophylla community. The successional trends of tree species by DCA ordination techniques and DBH class distribution analysis seems to be from P. densiflora through Q. mongolica. Q. variabilis to F rhynchophylla. The correlation between the score of first two axes and soil pH, soil humus, soil calcium concentration, soil magnesium concentration was significantly positive in CCA ordination. The positive correlation between the score of first two axes of F. rhynchophylla community and soil humus, soil magnesium concentration and between ones of P. densiflora community and soil pH were calculated. But there is no correlation between species and environmental variables.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.7621-7628
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• 2013

Human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) status is an important prognostic factor in breast cancer. There is no globally accepted method for determining its status, and which method is most precise is still a matter of debate. We here analyzed HER2 mRNA expression by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and HER2 DNA amplification using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). In parallel, we performed a routine evaluation of HER2 protein by immunohistochemistry (IHC). To assess the accuracy of the RT-PCR and MLPA techniques, a combination of IHC and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used, substituting FISH when the results of IHC were ambiguous (2+) and for those IHC results that disagreed with MLPA and qRT-PCR, this approach being termed IHC-FISH. The IHC results for four samples were not compatible with the MLPA and qRT-PCR results; the MLPA and qRT-PCR results for these samples were confirmed by FISH. The correlations between IHC-FISH and qRT-PCR or MLPA were 0.945 and 0.973, respectively. The ASCO/CAP guideline IHC/FISH correlation with MLPA was (0.827) and with RT-PCR was (0.854). The correlations between the IHC results (0, 1+ as negative, and 3+ as positive) and qRT-PCR and MLPA techniques were 0.743 and 0.831, respectively. Given the shortcomings of IHC analysis and greater correlations between MLPA, qRT-PCR, and FISH methods than IHC analysis alone with each of these three methods, we propose that MLPA and real-time PCR are good alternatives to IHC. However a suitable cut-off point for qRTPCR is a prerequisite for determining the exact status of HER2.