• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.250-257
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• 2021

The author tried to verify the mediating effect of the variable, perceived behavioral control, in the relationship between the independent variables(cosmetics-related variables, consumer's preference, advice & inducement), and the dependent variable(purchasing behavior), through AMOS structural equation modeling. As a result of analyzing the mediating effect in the impact relationship between latent variables, it was found that PBC(perceived behavior control) plays a mediating role in the impact relationship between CQ(cosmetics quality) and PB(purchasing behavior). Author found that the higher the quality of cosmetics and the greater the perceived behavior control in domestic cosmetics purchasing behavior, the more likely it will lead to purchasing behavior. In this context, while efforts are being made to improve cosmetic quality, measures to increase perceived behavior control, which can be said to be autonomy in purchasing behavior, should be sought.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.183-196
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify cosemetics purchasing behavior of male college students by clothing involvement. A questionnaire was administered to 246 male collage students living in Taegu and Seoul during September of 1999. Data were analyzed by using frequency, cross tabulation, t-test, χ²-test and factor analysis. The results of this study were as follows : First, the consumers are classified into two categories by clothing involvement ; 65.5% of the highly involved consumers and 34.5% of the lowly involved consumers. Second, the factors of selecting cosmetics were fragrance, quality and price. Third, the major information sources of cosmetics are TV, magazines, outdoor advertisements, newspapers, subway, radio and internet in order of importance. Fourth, high clothing involved group was more fashion oriented and showed more impulsive purchasing attribute.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.7
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• pp.85-100
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• 2001

A Study on the make-up expression and purchasing behavior of make-up cosmetics based on the lifestyle. The intention of this study is to classily the consumer group based on the lifestyle, to research the characteristics and desire of the each group, and to find out the differences of the make-up expression and purchasing behavior of make-up cosmetics among each group. The result of this study are as follow; 1. We have obtained seven factors out of twenty six lifestyle items by using AIO lifestyle measurement. The seven factors are make-up high involvement factor, brand loyal factor, make-up bases factor, economical and natural beauty oriented factor, impulsive consumption oriented factor, stubborn choice factor, sensitive to others view factor 2. We have formed four groups based on the seven factors. The four groups are impulsive consumption type, professional make-up type, intentional make-up type, basic type. 3. It was examined that women want to express smart, ellegant and intelligent images form the make-up 4. According to the examination of the differences of the purchsing behavior, only the purchase motive, information source and cosmetics purchase amount per month was differentiate among the groups.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.129-144
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of purchasing behavior on brand attitude, shopping satisfaction, and recommendation of herbal cosmetics consumer. Through judgment sampling method, selected 304 survey questionnaires were used for final analysis from herbal cosmetics consumer. With the collected data, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis were performed by SPSS 14.0. The results of the analysis were summarized as follows. First, level of education no significant difference on purchasing behavior, but age, marital status, average income, and job type showed significant difference on purchasing behavior. Second, level of education and average income no significant difference on brand attitude, shopping satisfaction, and recommendation, but age, marital status, and job type showed significant difference on brand attitude, shopping satisfaction, and recommendation. Third, the reasonable purchase, conformity purchase, and conspicuous purchase impacts positively(+) influence, but impulse purchase impacts negatively(+) influence on brand attitude. Fourth, the rational purchase and conspicuous purchase impacts positively(+) influence on shopping satisfaction. Fifth, the conformity purchase and conspicuous purchase impacts positively(+) influence on recommendation.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.111-121
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine university students' clothing and cosmetics purchasing behaviors according to gender and major. For the study, 337 university students living in Chonbuk area participated in this survey research. The data were analyzed utilizing SPSS statistics package. Exploratory factor analysis, reliability test, and t-test were used. Five factors in each clothing and cosmetics purchasing orientation were generated from the factor analysis. According to gender and major, clothing and cosmetics purchasing behavior were significantly different. Female students showed more impulsive, rational, and economical purchasing orientations than male students did. On the contrary, male students showed more independent and convenient purchasing orientations. The students with fashion design major showed higher tendency in impulsive and rational clothing purchasing orientations than non-fashion design major students. Finally, clothing and cosmetics purchasing behaviors were significantly different by gender and major in terms of information usage and expenditure for clothing and cosmetics.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.127-142
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clothing and cosmetics purchasing behaviors of middle aged male consumers according to objectified body consciousness. The subjects were 329 male adults aged from 40 to 59, and measuring instruments consisted of objectified body consciousness, clothing and cosmetics purchasing behaviors, and subjects' demographics attributions. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis, multiple response analysis, cross tabs analysis, and $x^2$ test using the SPSS program. The results were as follows. First, three factors (body shame, body surveillance, and control belief) emerged on objectified body consciousness. Second, subjects were divided into 2 groups (objectified group and non-objectified group) by objectified body consciousness. Third, these two consumer groups showed many differences regarding clothing and cosmetics purchasing behaviors. The objectified group showed many more positive clothing and cosmetics purchasing behaviors than the non-objectified group in terms of purchase motives, selection criteria, information source, purchase place, and purchase cost per month. These results show that objectified body consciousness is a useful variable for understanding adult male clothing and cosmetics purchasing behavior and to segment the male consumer market effectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.251-262
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is understanding female high school student's make-up culture by developing the recognition criteria for their make-up behavior and anxiety in purchasing cosmetics. This study targeted 524 female high school students who attended vocational and academic high school located in Daegu, Korea. SPSS WIN package was used fur statistics and MANOVA, ANOVA, LSD post-verification was conducted for data analysis. The conclusion of this study is as fellowed ; (1) Academic groups showed statistically different tendency to 6 reasons of make-up behavior ; interest in make-up was chosen most for the reason and etiquette, make-up satisfaction, aesthetics, fashion, synchronism comes next in the order. (2) In case of vocational group, it also showed different tendency to 6 reasons of make-up behavior ; interest in make-up was also most highly chosen reason as the academic group and etiquette was next and then make-up satisfaction, aesthetics, fashion were same level and synchronism was shown to be the lowest chosen reason in the order. (3) Academic group showed different level of anxiety from the 11 reasons of anxiety in purchasing cosmetics ; also anxiety of material was highly chosen reason and then fitness, price, color, quality, utility, purchasing, after service, fashion, label-trust, other people's comments comes next for the reason. (4) Vocational group also showed different level of anxiety from 11 reasons of anxiety in purchasing cosmetics; also anxiety of material was highest reason (same as the academic group) and then fitness, color, quality, price, utility, after service, label-trust, fashion, buying, other people's comments comes next for the reason.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.87-99
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the appearance orientation and clothing and cosmetics purchasing behaviors according to media contact responses. The subjects were 445 female university students in Daejeon and Chungnam province. The measuring instruments was a questionnaire with media contact responses, appearance orientation, clothing and cosmetics purchasing behavior, and subjects' demographic characteristics. The data were analyzed by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, frequency analysis, ${\chi}^2$ test, ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, and regression analysis using SPSS program. The results were as follows. First, female university students had very positive response and attitude on entertainers' appearance, style and products showed by media. Second, media contact response had a significant effect on appearance orientation. The group with a high level of media contact response showed higher appearance orientation than the groups with mediate and low level of media contact response. Third, media contact response had meaningful effects on clothing and cosmetics purchasing behaviors. The group with a high level of media contact response showed higher shopping frequency, purchasing frequency, and more spending on clothing and cosmetics than other groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.2 s.111
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• pp.29-44
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to classify male consumer groups according to the fashion lifestyle, to examine characteristics, needs and wants of each group, and to find out differences of cosmetics purchasing behavior among each group segment. After surveying 19-50 year old males by making a visit to college, company and home, 584 samples were analyzed by using SPSS(7.0) package program. Factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, crosstabs and $X^2-test$ were used to analyse collected data. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Twenty-two questionnaires using AIO fashion lifestyle variables produced seven factors; oriented fashion, flaunting brand preference, active preference, information intention, strong personality, reasonable economy and others directivity. Three groups based on oriented seven factors: personality, fashion and economy. 2. The Personality group had strong personal characters in their fashion. Men in this group prefer casual style and were represented by singles and professionals in their 30's. The fashion group pursued fashion trends, formal wears, and high-priced fashions. They were represented by singles with high-income managerial positions in their 19-29 age group. The economy group represented the largest sample in this study(54.5%). Men in this group tended to purchase fashion goods during of good fabrics at discount stores. This group represented married man with average incomes in their 40's. 3. Each of these three groups showed significant differences in cosmetics purchasing behavior. The personality group mainly purchased cosmetics on-line market because of price. The Internet tended to be their primary source of informations. They spent under 10,000won and pursued a simple and clear image. The fashion group purchased cosmetics at department stores to benefit from the knowledge of sales personal and their source of informations in the mass media. They spent over 70,000won monthly and pursued also a simple and clear image. The economy group purchased cosmetics at discount stores because of their wide assortment of products. They spent under 30,000won monthly and pursued a simple and clear image. Each of these groups currently consume different products and have a different concept of future cosmetic products.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.33-48
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• 2018

The purposes of this study were to investigate the social instrumentality of appearance, appearance orientation, and cosmetics purchasing behaviors of Chinese male consumers, and to find differences in the cosmetics purchasing behaviors of the male consumer groups, which were segmented by the social instrumentality of appearance and appearance orientation. The subjects were 400 adult males in their 20s to 30s from Gillim province in China. The measurements consisted of the social instrumentality of appearance, appearance orientation, cosmetics purchasing behavior, and the subject' demographic attributes. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, $x^2$ test, multiple response analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple range test, using SPSS program. The results were as follows. First, young Chinese male consumers had a high sense of the social instrumentality of appearance, but the tendency to invest time and effort to enhance their looks was still low. Second, on the basis of the social instrumentality of appearance and appearance orientation, young Chinese male consumers were classified into four groups (high involvement group, instrumentality group, orientation group, and low involvement group). Third, the four male consumer groups revealed many significant differences in various cosmetic purchasing behaviors (purchasing items, information sources, product selection criteria, purchasing motives, purchasing locations, store selection criteria, purchasing price, purchasing frequency, and cosmetics improvements). Therefore, the social instrumentality of appearance and appearance orientation are seen as significant variables to effectively segment the Chinese male consumer market. The cosmetics companies targeting young Chinese men need to establish differentiated marketing strategies, considering the characteristics of each segment of the consumer market.