• 임상간호연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of position change on discomfort and bleeding in patients undergone coronary angiography with a vascular device and required bed-rest. Method: This study utilized nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. Data were collected from 118 inpatients after coronary angiography and stayed in general ward at Y hospital in Seoul, from June 5 to August 12, 2008. After coronary angiography, position change was performed to the experimental group who consisted of 59 patients. They stayed in supine position just after angiography and then head-up position with 15 degrees was applied 1 hour later. After that, they could change the position alternatively into lateral position with leg down and supine position. The control group was positioned keeping the affected leg immobile with supine position for 4 hours. Results: The experimental group reported significantly more comfortable than control group after position change. There were no significant differences in the grades of bleeding or hematoma at puncture site between the two groups. Conclusion: The position change in patients undergone angiography could be applied without any harm such as bleeding or hematoma, but effective in reducing back pain and subjective patients' discomforts.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.638-646
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• 2023

Recently, active research has been conducted to enhance the power characteristics and thermal stability of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) by modifying separators using a ceramic coating method. However, since the thermal properties and surface features of the separator vary depending on the characteristics of the ceramic powders applied to the separator, it is crucial to manufacture ceramic powders optimized for the separator's performance. In this study, we evaluated the characteristics of three types of α-alumina (A-1, A-2, and A-3) produced with varying dispersant contents and milling times, in addition to commercial α-alumina (AES-11). Subsequently, the optimized powders (A-3) were coated onto the separator using an aqueous binder for comparison with the characteristics of an AES-11 coated separator and an uncoated PE separator. The A-3 coated separator improved electrolyte wettability with a low contact angle (44.69°) and increased puncture strength (538 gf). Furthermore, it exhibited excellent thermal stability, with a shrinkage value of 5.64% when exposed to 140℃ for 1 hour, compared to the AES11 coated separator (6.09%) and the bare PE separator (69.64%).

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.679-684
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• 2023

정맥의 천자는 병리학적 검사를 위한 혈액 샘플을 획득하기 위해 널리 사용되고 있다. 바늘을 사용한 침습적인 정맥 천자 방법이 반복되서 시행되면 환자가 받는 고통이 증가되는 문제가 있어 본 연구팀은 사전에 소형 근적외선 (near-infrared, NIR) 영상 시스템을 개발하였다. 획득된 NIR 영상의 화질 개선을 위하여 본 연구에서는 노이즈 제거에 효율적으로 잘 알려진 비지역적 평균 (non-local means, NLM) 알고리즘을 모델링하여 시스템에서의 적용 가능성을 분석하고자 한다. 개발된 NIR 영상 시스템은 dichroic 및 long-pass filter를 적외선 (infrared, IR)이 통과하여 최종적으로 CMOS 센서 모듈로 검출되는 원리를 기반으로 구성하였다. 제안하는 NLM 알고리즘은 노이즈를 제거시키고자 하는 픽셀을 주변 픽셀들간의 거리들을 고려한 값으로 대체하는 원리를 기반으로 모델링하였다. 850 nm의 중심 파장을 가진 NIR 영상을 획득 후 NLM 알고리즘을 적용하여 히스토그램 평활화를 통해 최종 정맥 영역을 분할하였다. 결과적으로 NLM 알고리즘을 적용한 정맥의 NIR 영상의 coefficient of variation은 평균 0.247로 기존의 filtering 방법들과 비교하여 우수한 결과값으로 도출되었다. 또한 NLM 알고리즘의 dice similarity coefficient 값은 기존의 median filter와 total variation 방법에 비하여 각각 62.91 및 9.40% 향상된 값이 획득되었다. 결론적으로 NLM 알고리즘은 NIR 영상 시스템으로 획득한 정맥의 정확한 분할이 가능하게 할 수 있음을 증명하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2024

Objective : Collateral circulation is associated with the differential treatment effect of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in acute ischemic stroke. We aimed to verify the ability of the collateral map to predict futile EVT in patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke. Methods : This secondary analysis of a prospective observational study included data from participants underwent EVT for acute ischemic stroke due to occlusion of the internal carotid artery and/or the middle cerebral artery within 8 hours of symptom onset. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent predictors of futile recanalization (modified Rankin scale score at 90 days of 4-6 despite of successful reperfusion). Results : In a total of 214 participants, older age (odds ratio [OR], 2.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56 to 3.67; p<0.001), higher baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.21; p=0.004), very poor collateral perfusion grade (OR, 35.09; 95% CI, 3.50 to 351.33; p=0.002), longer door-to-puncture time (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.14; p=0.009), and failed reperfusion (OR, 3.73; 95% CI, 1.30 to 10.76; p=0.015) were associated with unfavorable functional outcomes. In 184 participants who achieved successful reperfusion, older age (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.44 to 3.67; p<0.001), higher baseline NIHSS scores (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.22; p=0.006), very poor collateral perfusion grade (OR, 4.96; 95% CI, 1.42 to 17.37; p=0.012), and longer door-to-reperfusion time (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.15; p=0.003) were associated with unfavorable functional outcomes. Conclusion : The assessment of collateral perfusion status using the collateral map can predict futile EVT, which may help select ineligible patients for EVT, thereby potentially reducing the rate of futile EVT.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.438-448
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• 2024

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of no-touch radiofrequency ablation (NT-RFA) using twin cooled wet (TCW) electrodes in patients experiencing recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after undergoing locoregional treatments. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-arm study of NT-RFA involving 102 patients, with a total of 112 recurrent HCCs (each ≤ 3 cm). NT-RFA with TCW electrodes was implemented under the guidance of ultrasonography (US)-MR/CT fusion imaging. If NT-RFA application proved technically challenging, conversion to conventional tumor puncture RFA was permitted. The primary metric for evaluation was the mid-term cumulative incidence of local tumor progression (LTP) observed post-RFA. Cumulative LTP rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to explore factors associated with LTP. Considering conversion cases from NT-RFA to conventional RFA, intention-to-treat (ITT; including all patients) and per-protocol (PP; including patients not requiring conversion to conventional RFA alone) analyses were performed. Results: Conversion from NT-RFA to conventional RFA was necessary for 24 (21.4%) out of 112 tumors. Successful treatment was noted in 111 (99.1%) out of them. No major complications were reported among the patients. According to ITT analysis, the estimated cumulative incidences of LTP were 1.9%, 6.0%, and 6.0% at 1, 2, and 3 years post-RFA, respectively. In PP analysis, the cumulative incidence of LTP was 0.0%, 1.3%, and 1.3% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. The number of previous locoregional HCC treatments (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.265 per 1 treatment increase; P = 0.004), total bilirubin (aHR, 7.477 per 1 mg/dL increase; P = 0.012), and safety margin ≤ 5 mm (aHR, 9.029; P = 0.016) were independently associated with LTP in ITT analysis. Conclusion: NT-RFA using TCW electrodes is a safe and effective treatment for recurrent HCC, with 6.0% (ITT analysis) and 1.3% (PP analysis) cumulative incidence of LTP at 2 and 3-year follow-ups.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.901-910
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• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to assess the technical feasibility, efficacy, and safety of the safe triangular working zone (STWZ) approach applied in percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) for spinal metastases involving the posterior part of the vertebral body. Materials and Methods: We prospectively enrolled 87 patients who underwent PV for spinal metastasis involving the posterior part of the vertebral body, with or without the STWZ approach, from January 2019 to April 2022. Forty-nine patients (27 females and 22 males; mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 57.2 ± 11.6 years; age range, 31-76 years) were included in group A (with STWZ approach), accounting for 54 vertebrae. Thirty-eight patients (18 females and 20 males; 59.1 ± 10.9 years; 29-81 years) were included in group B (without STWZ approach), accounting for 57 vertebrae. Patient demographics, procedure-related variables, and pain relief as assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) were collected at different time points. Tumor recurrence in the vertebrae after PV was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: The STWZ approach was successful from T1 to L5 without severe complications. Cement filling was satisfactory in 47/54 (87.0%) and 25/57 (43.9%) vertebrae in groups A and B, respectively (p < 0.001). Cement leakage was not significantly different between groups A and B (p = 1.000). Mean VAS score ± SD before and 1 week and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after PV were 7.6 ± 1.8, 4.2 ± 2.0, 2.7 ± 1.9, 1.9 ± 1.5, 1.7 ± 1.4, 1.7 ± 1.1, and 1.6 ± 1.3, respectively, in group A and 7.2 ± 1.7, 4.0 ± 1.3, 3.4 ± 1.6, 2.4 ± 1.2, 1.8 ± 1.0, 1.4 ± 0.5, and 1.7 ± 0.9, respectively, in group B. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a lower tumor recurrence rate in group A than in group B (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The STWZ approach may represent a new, safe, alternative/auxiliary approach to target the posterior part of the vertebral body in the PV for spinal metastases.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2013

폐기물 매립시설은 침출수의 발생 및 누출로 인하여 인근 지표수나 지하수의 오염을 초래할 수 있기 때문에 각별한 관리가 요구된다. 침출수는 차수층의 설치로 인하여 외부로 누출되지 않으나, 매립 중 날카로운 폐기물이나 매립장비로부터 차수층이 손상 받을 우려가 있기 때문에 차수층을 보호할 수 있는 시설이 필요하다. 국내에서는 1999년에 폐기물관리법이 개정되면서 폐기물 매립시설 사면부 위 토목합성수지라이너를 보호하고 침출수를 원활하게 배수시키기 위한 보호 및 배수층의 설치를 의무화하였으며, 차수층을 보호하는 동시에 침출수를 신속히 배수시켜 줄 수 있는 기술들이 연구되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 배수망에 투수성이 우수한 충진재를 삽입하는 방법을 착안하여 폐기물 매립시설 사면부 차수층 위에서 침출수 집배수 및 보호층(Leachate Collection Removal and Protection System, LCRPs)으로서 Geo-Multicell-Composite(GMC)의 적용가능성을 알아보기 위하여 침출수의 배수기능과 차수층의 보호기능에 대하여 연구하고자 한다. GMC의 수평투과능계수를 측정한 결과 $8.0{\times}10^{-4}m^2/s$로 법적기준을 만족시켰다. 또한 GMC의 충진재로 사용된 쇄석은 수직투수계수가 5.0cm/s, 꿰뚫림강도는 140.2kgf로 매우 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. GMC 모형시실에서 인공강우를 통한 강우배출실험 결과, 최대유량인 1120L/hr로 살포시에도 표면 유출수 없이 약 92 ~ 97%가 침투되었다. 추후에는 충진재로 사용된 쇄석 대신 재활용골재 등을 사용하여 재활용골재의 활용성 증가와 그로 인한 시공비용 절감의 효과에 대한 연구가 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.346-352
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• 2010

Introduction: Heat shock protein70 (HSP70) is a highly conserved family of proteins produced after a variety of stresses. Many studies reported that the overexpression of HSP70 can improve the prognosis of the patients with sepsis through a reduction of the nitric oxide concentration. However, these results only revealed the effect of HSP70 and nitric oxide. No studies have examined the relationship between HSP70 and nitric oxide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the overexpression of HSP70 on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and the nitric oxide concentration. In addition, the mechanism of the relationship of HSP70 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in sepsis was examined. Materials and Methods: The experiments were performed on male sprague-dawley rats. Sepsis was induced by a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Glutamine (GLN) or saline was administered 1 hour after the initiation of sepsis. Serum and lung tissues were acquired from the rats 12 hours or 24 hours after the initiation of sepsis. The nitric oxide concentration, the expression of HSP70 in lung, and the gene expression of iNOS in lung were analyzed. The three groups, sham operation, CLP and CLP+GLN, were compared. Results: Compared to the other groups, in CLP+GLN, GLN administered after the initiation of sepsis enhanced the expression of HSP70 in the lung at 12 hours ($47.19{\pm}10.04$ vs. $33.22{\pm}8.28$, P=0.025) and 24 hours ($47.06{\pm}10.60$ vs. $31.90{\pm}4.83$, P=0.004). In CLP+GLN, GLN attenuated the expression of iNOS messenger RNA (mRNA) in the lung at 12 hours ($5,513.73{\pm}1,051.60$ vs. $4,167.17{\pm}951.59$, P=0.025) and 24 hours ($18,740.27{\pm}8,241.20$ vs. $9,437.65{\pm}2,521.07$, P=0.016), and reduced the concentration of nitric oxide in the serum at 12 hours ($0.86{\pm}0.48$ vs. $3.82{\pm}2.53$, P=0.016) and 24 hours ($0.39{\pm}0.25$ vs. $1.85{\pm}1.70$, P=0.025). Conclusion: The overexpression of HSP70 induced by the administration of GLN in sepsis attenuates the expression of the iNOS gene but reduces the nitric oxide concentration.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.51-69
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• 2014

Objectives This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Sibjeondaebotanggamibang (SJT) on the wound-induced rats. Methods It was observed the effects of anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation by using of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. For the observing on SJT anti-oxidation, it needed to mesure the total amount of polyphenol, DPPH scavenging ability, ABTS scavenging ability and the value of ROS production. In order to observe on the anti-inflammation of SJT, it was mesured the value of No and Cytokine (TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6). It needed to make a scar (around $2{\times}2cm^2$) on the top of the fascia in the back of the rats and then the rats were divided into 4 groups (n=6). Control group was not treated at all, whereas SJ group was orally medicated SJT, Terra group was per-cutaneously applied Terramycin, and SJ+Terra group was both orally medicated SJT and percutaneously applied Terramycin per day for three weeks. The size of wound was measured with Digimatic Caliper and the blood samples (WBC, neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte) were analyzed using Minos-ST, which were collected by cardiac puncture. The effect on inflammatory cytokine (TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6), immunological cells in synovial fluid was measured. To measure the wound factor expressed by wounded skin sample, we extracted RNA and to investigate MMP-1,2,9 we used RT-PCR. For performing histopathological examinations, we paralyzed the rats by ether, and extracted wounded skin tissues, which were measured by H & E, and monitored on the optical microscope. Results 1. DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity of SJT was increased concentration-dependantly, and ROS scavenging activity was significantly increased (10, $100{\mu}g/ml$). 2. NO production was significantly reduced in SJT treated cells ($100{\mu}g/ml$), both TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6 in SJT treated cells (1, 10, $100{\mu}g/ml$), and IL-$1{\beta}$ in SJT treated cells (1, $100{\mu}g/ml$). 1. The size of wound was significantly decreasing in SJ group, Terra group, SJ+Terra group. 2. WBC was significantly reduced in SJ and SJ+Terra group, monocyte in SJ+Terra group. Neutrophil was also reduced in SJ, SJ+Terra group but meaningless. 3. TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6 were significantly reduced in SJ group, Terra group, SJ+Terra group, and IL-$1{\beta}$ in SJ+Terra group. 4. mRNA expression in MMP-1 was significantly reduced in SJ group. 5. Collegan production and chronic inflammation were significantly decreased in SJ group, Terra group, SJ+Terra groups. Re-epithelization on the skin in Terra group, SJ+Terra groups was decreased. Conclusions According to this in vitro experiment, Sibjeondaebotanggamibang (SJT) has the effects of anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory. By in vivo experiment, SJT has the effects of anti-inflammatory. Moreover, the progress of recovery was found visually, heamatologically, genetically and histopathologically. In conclusion, it could be thought that SJT has effect on the treating of wound.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.1930-1939
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 천연 식품으로부터 면역증진능을 갖는 식품 소재를 검색하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 골대사 약화 상태의 마우스에게 청국장 배합 사료를 투여했을 때 카제인 배합사료에 비하여 가질 수 있는 세포 매개성 면역능의 증강 효과를 규명하기 위한 목적으로 실시되었다. 제 1단계로서 난소적출군은 저칼슘 식이, Sham군은 AIN-76 식이를 6주간 공급한 후, 각 군을 청국장 배합 사료군 혹은 카제인 배합사료군으로 나누어 8주간 제 2단계의 식이를 공급하였다. 면역 지표로는 비장세포 증식능, 혈중 T 림프구 아형수와 혈중 사이토카인(IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-${\gamma}$, TNF-${\alpha}$)의 분비량을 측정하였다. 그 결과 난소적출군에서 청국장배합 사료군의 비장 세포 증식능이 카제인 배합 사료군보다 유의적으로 높았으며, 혈중 T 림프구 아형 비율인 CD4/CD8의 비율도 청국장 배합 사료군에서 더 높았다. 혈중 사이토카인 분비량을 측정한 결과 난소적출군에서 청국장 배합 사료 투여군의 IL-6와 TNF-${\alpha}$ 분비량이 카제인 배합 사료 투여군에 비해 유의적으로 낮았다. 난소적출 마우스의 면역능에 청국장 배합 사료가 미치는 영향으로 카제인 배합사료에 비하여 비장 세포 증식능 활성화, 골 대사와 연관있는 대표적 사이토카인인 IL-6와 TNF-${\alpha}$ 분비 억제 및 조절 등을 들 수 있다. 뿐만 아니라, 체중 증가량을 조절하는 역할을 하는 것으로 관찰되었다. 따라서 청국장 배합 사료는 난소적출 마우스 면역계의 조절 기전에 작용하여 면역세포 활성을 촉진시키고 효과적으로 작용할 수 있으리라 사료된다. 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 기능성 식품 개발에 기초연구 자료가 될 것으로 기대되며 향후 청국장의 면역 활성물질의 분리 및 동정을 위한 연구의 뒷받침이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.