• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제54권2호
• /
• pp.81-85
• /
• 2013

Objective : Transfemoral catheter angiography (TFCA) is a basic procedure in neurovascular surgery with increasing importance in surgical and non-invasive treatments. Unfortunately, resident neurosurgeons have relatively few opportunities to perform TFCA in most institutions. We report a method developed in our hospital for training resident neurosurgeons to perform TFCA and evaluate the efficacy of this training. Methods : From May 2011 to September 2011, a total of 112 consecutive patients underwent TFCA by one resident neurosurgeon supervised by two neuroendovascular specialists. Patients who underwent elective diagnostic procedures were included in this study. Patients who underwent endovascular treatment were excluded. Demographic data, indications for TFCA, side of approach, number of selected arteries, and complications were analyzed. Results : This study included 64 males and 48 females with a mean age of 51.6 (12-81) years. All procedures were performed in the angiography suite. Common indications for procedures were as follows : stroke-induced symptoms in 61 patients (54.5%), Moyamoya disease and arteriovenous malformation in 13 patients (11.6%), and unruptured intracranial aneurysm in eight patients (7.1%). Right and left femoral puncture was performed in 98.2% and 1.8% of patients, respectively. A total of 465 selective angiographies were performed without complications. Angiographic examination was performed on 4.15 vessels per patient. Conclusion : TFCA can be performed safely by resident neurosurgeons based on anatomical study and a meticulous protocol under the careful supervision of neuroendovascular specialists.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.33-44
• /
• 2011

양혈풍탕(養血風湯)을 처방하여 경추 추간판 탈출증으로 인한 극심한 통증 및 두통이 호전된 2례를 통하여 신경학적 결손이 없는 요추 방출성 골절에 대해 양혈풍탕(養血風湯)이 환자의 자각적인 증세 및 NRS, NDI 상으로 유효한 효과가 있었음을 확인하였다. 이에 저자는 두통이 동반된 경추 추간판 탈출증으로 입원하여 양혈풍탕(養血風湯)을 복용한 후 호전된 2케이스를 보고하는 바이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.311-317
• /
• 2020

In the present experimental study, cecal ligation and puncture significantly increased the myocardial injury assessed in terms of excess release of creative kinase-MB (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), interleukin (IL)-6 and decrease of IL-10 in the blood following 12 h of laparotomy procedure as compared to normal control. Also, a significant increase in protein expression levels of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and decreased phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) was observed in the myocardial tissue as compared to normal control. A single independent administration of telmisartan (2 and 4 mg/kg) and AR-A014418 (1 and 2 mg/kg) substantially reduced sepsis-induced myocardial injury in terms of decrease levels of CK-MB, cTnI and IL-6, HMGB1, GSK-3β and increase in IL-10 and p-GSK-3β in the blood in sepsis- subjected rats. The effects of telmisartan at dose 4 mg/kg and AR-A014418 at a dose of 2 mg/kg were significantly higher than the telmisartan at a dose of 2 mg/kg and AR-A014418 1 mg/kg respectively. Further, no significant effects on different parameters were observed in the sham control group in comparison to normal. Therefore it is plausible to suggest that sepsis may increase the levels of angiotensin II to trigger GSK-3β-dependent signaling to activate the HMGB1/receptors for advanced glycation end products, which may promote inflammation and myocardial injury in sepsis-subjected rats.

• 센서학회지
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.306-313
• /
• 2017

An early detection of infiltration in veins is essential to minimize the injuries caused during infusion therapy, which is one of the most important tasks for nurses in clinical settings. We report that bioelectrical impedance analysis is useful in the early detection of infiltration at puncture sites. When infiltration was intentionally induced in the vein of a rabbit's ear, impedance parameters showed significant difference before and after infiltration. In particular, the relative resistance at 20 kHz in the vein of rabbit's ear reduced largely at infiltration, decreased slowly, and then stayed at a constant value. This indicates that the vein in the ear of the rabbit is small, and hence the infiltrated intravenous (IV) solution no longer accumulates after 3 minutes of infiltration. However, when infiltration was induced in the vein of a human's forearm, the relative resistance at 20 kHz decreased gradually over time. In the $R-X_c$ graph, the positions in infiltration induced in the rabbit's ear rapidly shifted before and after infiltration whereas the positions in infiltration induced in the human's forearm changed gradually during infiltration. Our findings suggest that bioelectrical impedance analysis is an effective method to detect the infiltration early in a noninvasive and quantitative manners.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.437-442
• /
• 1996

Hypoglycemic effect of Tabebuia avellandae was investigated in the streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by injections of STZ (45 mg/kg, i.v.). Rats weighing 200-250 g were divided into 6 groups: normal, STZ-control, hexane fr., CHCl$_3$fr., BuOH fr. and $H_2O$ fr. group. Normal and STZ-control rats received 3% Tween 80 only. Four groups of diabetic rats were administered orally at doses of 100, 400, 300 and 400 mg/kg/day of hexane, CHC1$_3$, BuOH and $H_2O$ fr. respectively. Fractions were administered orally to the rats for 7 days after STZ injection. All rats were anesthetized with ether, blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture for clinical chemistry and the rats were killed by exsanguination. Liver, kidney, heart and spleen were removed, weighed and analyzed. We measured glucose, protein, cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the plasma and glycogen, cholesterol and triglyceride levels in liver. The extent of blood glucose decrement in rats administered $H_2O$ fraction was greater than that in the STZ-control rats. The serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly lowered by administration of $H_2O$ fraction compared with those of STZ-control group. Treatment of rats with Tabebuia avellandae fractions caused decreases in STZ-induced elevation of cholesterol and triglyceride. Liver triglyceride level was significantly lowered hexane and BuOH fraction group compared with STZ-control group. These results suggest that $H_2O$ fraction of Tabebuia avellandae has the hypoglycemic action against STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제51권3호
• /
• pp.335-341
• /
• 2013

Balamuthia mandrillaris is one of the 4 amebas in fresh water and soil that cause diseases in humans. Granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE), caused by B. mandrillaris, is a rare but life-threatening condition. A 4-year-old, previously healthy, Thai girl presented with progressive headache and ataxia for over a month. Neuroimaging studies showed an infiltrative mass at the right cerebellar hemisphere mimicking a malignant cerebellar tumor. The pathological finding after total mass removal revealed severe necrotizing inflammation, with presence of scattered amebic trophozoites. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from lumbar puncture showed evidence of non-specific inflammation without identifiable organisms. A combination of pentamidine, sulfasalazine, fluconazole, and clarithromycin had been initiated promptly before PCR confirmed the diagnosis of Balamuthia amebic encephalitis (BAE). The patient showed initial improvement after the surgery and combined medical treatment, but gradually deteriorated and died of multiple organ failure within 46 days upon admission despite early diagnosis and treatment. In addition to the case, 10 survivors of BAE reported in the PubMed database were briefly reviewed in an attempt to identify the possible factors leading to survival of the patients diagnosed with this rare disease.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.21-27
• /
• 2008

Total laryngectomy is the most useful procedure tor advanced laryngopharyngeal cancer, but it remains the major problem such as loss of voice. Voice restoration is essential for every patients who undergo a total laryngectomy. Ideal voice rehabilitation methods can resolve three factors. First, every laryngectomee can produce voice sufficient for communication, second every patient should be allowed to use both hands freely during phonation, and last, the voice restoration methods should be easy and safe without complication during and after treatment. Among various voice rehabilitation procedures during or after total laryngectomy, it can be divided electronic and pneumatic methods. In pneumatic methods, there are also divided both pulmonary air and non-pulmonary air methods. The non-pulmonary air methods include esophageal speech, buccal speech, and pharyngeal speech. Pulmonary air methods are divided into surgical and non-surgical such as pneumatic speech aid. In the surgical methods, there are neoglottic operation, tracheopharyngeal shunt, and tracheopharyngeal shunt operations. Recently, tracheoesophageal shunt with or without prosthesis are being recognized the most effective method. Blom-Singer low pressure prosthesis, Panje button, and Provox are well known types of prosthesis in the tracheoesophageal shunt operation. Amatsu method is a kind of famous tracheoesophageal shunt method without using prosthesis. Authors tried to review the published articles for evaluation of effectiveness and problems of tracheoesophageal shunt operation with or without prosthesis. In conclusion, indwelling type of prosthesis and pharyngeal myotomy and plexus neurectomy are recommended for higher success rate during tracheoesophageal puncture procedure. More over, Amatsu method is also one of the recommended voice rehabilitation procedure during total laryngectomy. In this situation, pharyngeal myotomy and plexus neurectomy may be helpful for better fluent communication.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제41권5호
• /
• pp.466-471
• /
• 2014

Background Bleeding can be a problem in wound debridement. In search for an effective hemostatic agent, we experimented with a chitosan film combined with the recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rh-EGF), hypothesizing that it would achieve effective hemostasis and simultaneously enhance arterial healing. Methods Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and 96 puncture wounds were made. The wounds were divided into the following four groups: treated with sterile gauze, treated with gelatin sponge, treated with chitosan, and treated with chitosan combined with rh-EGF. Immediate hemostasis was evaluated, and arterial healing was observed histologically. Results Groups B, C, and D showed a significant rate of immediate hemostasis as compared to group A (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences among groups B, C, and D. Histologically, only group D showed good continuity of the vessel wall after 1 week. It was the only group to show smooth muscle cell nuclei of the vessel wall. Conclusions We observed that chitosan has an effective hemostatic potential and the mix of rh-EGF and chitosan does not interfere with chitosan's hemostatic capabilities. We also identified enhanced healing of vessel walls when rh-EGF was added to chitosan. Further research based on these positive findings is needed to evaluate the potential use of this combination on difficult wounds like chronic diabetic ulcerations.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국응용약물학회 1993년도 제2회 신약개발 연구발표회 초록집
• /
• pp.130-130
• /
• 1993

실험목적: KR 53170 및 KR 53234 는 천연물에서 분리 추출한 화합물로 terpene lacton ring을 가진 약산성 물질이다. in vitro 항종양 실험에서 종양억제효과가 있었고 in vivo 항종양 실험에서도 유의성 있는 효과가 있었으며 급성 경구독성시험에서도 독성이 낮은 것으로 평가 되었다. 이에 따라 KR 53170 등의 약물동태학적인 성질을 연구하여 독성실험과 임상실험을 위한 용법용량을 결정하고 나아가 본약물의 제제개발에 도움이 되도록 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: KR 53170 및 53234은 경구시 20mg/kg, 정맥투여시는 10mg/kg로 투여하였다. Rat의 혈장 sample 채취는 ether로 흡입마취 시킨 후 heart puncture 하였다. 뇨시료는 대사 cage를 이용하여 채취하였으며 얻어진 모든 시료는 HPLC로 분석 하였다. 분석결과는 computer program 'Multi-free'를 이용하여 주요 pqarameter를 산출하였다. 인체혈액에 대한 혈청단백결합율 측정은 ultrafiltration법을 이용하였다. 즉 YMT membrane을 이용하여주요 parameter를 산출하였다. 인체혈액에 대한 혈청단백결합율 측정은 ultrafiltration법을 이용하였다. 즉 YMT membrane을 이용하여 유리약물을 분리하여 HPLC로 정량하였다. 결과 및 고찰: 1. KR 53170 10mg/kg 정맥투여시 최고혈중농도는 0.55ug/ml, 반감기는 0.51hr, 분포용적은 4.5L이었다. 20mg/kg를 경구 투여시 최고 혈중농도는 0.18ug/ml, 반감기는 3.5기산이고 AUC는 0.91ug.ml, 분포용적 28Lm, Ka 3.49$hr^{－1}$ 그리고 Cl는 5.5L/hr/kg이었다. 이는 투여용량에 비해 매우 적은량이 흡수되고 배설 된 것으로 약물이 혈액에 대한 용해도 문제에 기인하는 것으로 간주된다. 2. KR 53234 10mg/kg 정맥투여후의 최고혈중농도는 1.14ug/ml, 반감기는 0.50hr, 분포용적은 2.2L이었다. 20mg/kg 경구 투여시의 최소 혈중 농도는 0.33 ug/ml, 소실반감기는 1.5시간, AUC는 0.942ug.hr/ml, 분포용적 11L, Ka는 3.05 $hr^{－1}$ 그리고 Cl는 5.3L/hr/kg이었다. 이는 KR 53170에서와 같이 매우 적은량이 흡수되고 배설되었다. 3. KR 53170의 혈청단백 결합율은 5-500 ug/ml 범위에서 78.7-86.2%이었고 KR 53234의 혈청단백결합율은 5-100 ug/ml 범위에서 79.6-71.2%이었다.이었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.325-331
• /
• 2000

The present study was designed to assess the role of spinal adenosine $A_2$ receptor in the regulation of cardiovascular functions such as mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats (250~300 g) were anesthetized with urethane and paralyzed with d-tubocurarine and artificially ventilated. blood pressure and HR were continuously monitored via a femoral catheter connected to a pressure transducer and a polygraph. Drugs were administered intrathecally using injection cannula through guide cannula which was inserted inthrathecally at lower thoracic level through a puncture of an atlantooccipital mombrane. Intrathecal injection of an adenosine $A_2$ receptor agonist, 5'-(N-cyclopropyl)-carboxamaidoadenosine (CPCA; 1, 2 and 3 nmol, respectively), produced a dose-dependent decrease in MAP and HR. Pretreatment with $N^{G}$-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor or 10 nmol of MDL-12,330, an adenylate cyclase inhibitor blocked significantly the depressor and bradycardic effect of 2 nmol of CPCA. But, Pretreatment with 3 nmol of bicuculline, gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GAB $A_{A}$) receptor antagonist, or 50 nmol of 5-aminovaleric acid, GAB $A_{B}$ receptor antagonist did not inhibit the depressor and bradycardic effect of 2 nmol of CPCA. These results indicate that adenosine $A_2$ receptor in the spinal cord plays an inhibitory role in the regulation of cardiovascular function and that the depressor and bradycardic action of adonosine $A_2$ receptor are mediated via the synthesis of nitric oxide and the activation of adenylate cyclase in the spinal cord of rats.s.s.s.