• Title/Summary/Keyword: Pulmonary Nodule

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A Case of Pulmonary Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma that Underwent Unusual Malignant Course (비전형적인 악성경과를 보인 폐 유상피성 혈관내피종 1례)

  • Yoon, Hyoung-Kyu;Kim, Tae-Yeon;Jung, Jung-Im;Lee, Kyo-Young;Moon, Hwa-Sik;Park, Sung-Hak;Song, Jeong-Sup
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.51 no.5
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    • pp.466-473
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    • 2001
  • Pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (PEH), originally termed an intravacular bronchioloalveolar tumor, is a rare pulmonary neoplasm with a vascular origin and slow rate of malignancy. It affects various organs such as the liver, the central nervous system, lung, etc. Clinically, pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma has been considered to be a borderline malignancy, a generally indolent and nonaggressive tumor that displaces the pulmonary parenchyma over a number of years by slowly enlarging the tumor nodule. The clinical course of PEH is known to be usually benign. Here we report an unusual case of PEH that was highly malignant and was eventually fatal. The PEH was confirmed by microscopic analysis and immunohistochemical staining of CD31+(a membrane receptor and a sensitive and specific marker for vascular lesions) from an open lung biopsy specimen.

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The Clinical Study on the Characteristics of Pulmonary Lesions Which Should Be Differentiated from Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Lung Resection Cases (폐절제 예에서 결핵과 구별해야 할 질환의 특성에 관한 임상적 고찰)

  • 정황규;정성운;박서완
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.29 no.11
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    • pp.1232-1240
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    • 1996
  • From January 1990 through June 1995, we operated on 121 patients who were suspected for pulmonary tuberculosis without definite final diagnosis. After operation the final pathologic diagnoses were as follows: 68 pulmonary tuberculosis in which 29 were tuberculoma, 23 lung cancer, 16 bronchiectasis, 6 aspergilloma, 2 lung abscess, 2 benign cyst and 4 others. In 121 cases, 81 were male and 40 were female and the peak age incidence was 4th decade in tuberculosis (39.7%) and 6th and 7th decade in lung cancer (69.6%). The diagnoses in 44 cases presented roentgenographically as pulmonary nodules were pulmonary tuberculosis(29 cases) and lung cancer(15 cases). Tuberculous nodules tended to be smaller in size with calcification and satellite lesions compared to carcinomas. Indications for operation were solitary nodules 44 cases (36.4%); destroyed lobe 31(25.6%); hemoptysis 25 (20.7%); cavitary lesion 11(9.1 %); bronchostenosis 3 (2.5%); destroyed lung 5(4.1 %) and destroyed lung with empyema 2(1.7%). We conclude that preoperatively suspected pulmonary tuberculosis should be distinguished from various pulmonary lesions such as carcinoma, bronchiectasis, aspergilloma, lung abscess and benign cyst. For the possibility of carcinoma, pulmonary nodules of size greater than 3cm, non-calcified, non satellite lesion, newly developed nodule even under the anti-tuberculous medication, negative PPD skin test with elevated CEA level are recommended for an early resectional surgery and follow-up and delayed surgery is recommended in cases such as pulmonary nodules less than 3 cm in size with calcification, satellite lesion, positive PPD skin reaction and elevated ESR, CRP, ALP levels.

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A Case of Sarcoidosis with Cavitary Nolule of the Lung (공동을 동반한 망상결절형 폐침윤)

  • Ju, Mi-Soon;Lee, Hyun-Kyung;Chang, Jung-Hyun;Cheon, Seon-Hee;Kim, Yoo-Kyung;Yoon, Hee-Soo;Goo, Hae-Soo
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.45 no.5
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    • pp.1098-1102
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    • 1998
  • Sarcoidosis is a chronic multisystemic disorder of unknown cause characterized by presence of noncaseating epithelioid granuloma in affected organ. It is relatively common in western countries, but it is uncommon in East Asia including Korea. The lung is most frequently affected organ. Usual radiologic manifestation of thoracic sarcoidosis are readily recognized, but there are extremely diverse manifestation. Sarcoidosis rarely causes large pulmonary nodules, and cavitation in such lesion is very rare. We experienced one case of Sarcoidosis with Cavitary nodule of the lung and report it with brief review of the literature.

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Treatment of Multiple Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistulas with Therapeutic Embolization in Osler-Rendu-Weber Syndrome (Osler-Rendu-Weber 증후군 환자에서 색전요법을 이용한 다발성 폐동정맥루 치험 1예)

  • Kim, Jae-Hag;Choi, Taek-Hee;Nam, Seung-Mo;Chang, Jae-Jin;Park, Yeon-Hee;Hur, Nam-Hyun;Choe, Du-Hwan;Lee, Byung-Hee;Kim, You-Cheoul;Lee, Choon-Taek
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.44 no.4
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    • pp.914-921
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    • 1997
  • Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia(Osler-Rendu-Weber Syndrome) is characterized by telangiectasia of the skin and mucous membranes and intermittent bleeding from vascular abnormalities. About 20% of patients with this syndrome have pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas. Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula is uncommon malformation which has an abnormal connection between the pulmonary capillary bed, in which venous blood in the pulmonary artery is shunted through the fistula into the pulmonary vein without exposure to alveolar oxygen and result in unoxygenated, desaturated systemic arterial blood, polycythemia, cyanosis and clubbing. Death often results from cerebral abscess and rupture of the malformation with massive hemorrhage. Therapeutic intervention is recommended for all symptomatic patients because of the risk of those serious complications. Treatment options include surgery and transcatheter obliteration with steel coils or detachable balloons. Therapeutic embolization has the advantages that multiple bilateral pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas can be occluded and also that the procedure can be repeated if necessary. Recently we experienced a case of the multiple bilateral pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas associated with telangiectatic change of hepatic artery and multiple angiodysplasia on the gastric mucosa in 41 years old female patient who had mild dyspnea of exertion(NYHA class II). clubbing finger, severe iron deficiency anemia. She was treated with embolization technique using steel coils and iron replacement. After the therapeutic embolization. significant improvement of dyspnea of exertion with disappearance of multiple pulmonary nodule on follow-up simple chest x-ray was noted. During the subsequent six months follow-up period, she had the improvement of symptoms and iron deficiency anemia.

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A late onset solitary mediastinal cystic lymphangioma in a 66-year-old woman who underwent kidney transplantation

  • Lee, Jung Mo;Lee, Sang Hoon;Park, Youngmok;Kim, Chi Young;Goag, Eun Kyoung;Lee, Eun Hye;Park, Ji Eun;Lee, Chang Young;Kim, Se Kyu
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.155-158
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    • 2015
  • Lymphangioma is a congenital abnormality of the lymphatic system detected primarily in early childhood. There are rare reports of mediastinal lymphangioma in older adults. We hereby report on a 66-year-old female patient who underwent kidney transplantation 20 years previously and who developed pathologically confirmed solitary mediastinal lymphangioma 1 year ago. Chest radiography showed a mediastinal nodule, which was not observed 2 year previously, therefore she was referred to the pulmonary division. She had no symptoms, and chest computed tomography demonstrated a 25-mm, well-defined, low-density nodule located at the anterior mediastinum. The size of the nodule had increased from 25 mm to 34 mm 1 year later, and it was completely resected via video-assisted thoracic surgery. The histological diagnosis was cystic lymphangioma. Therefore, we recommend that clinicians consider cystic lymphangioma as a possible diagnosis even in older patients with a mediastinal cystic mass that shows progressive enlargement.

Lung Imaging Reporting and Data System (Lung-RADS) in Radiology: Strengths, Weaknesses and Improvement (영상의학에서 폐영상 판독과 자료체계: 강점, 단점, 그리고 개선)

  • Gong Yong Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.84 no.1
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    • pp.34-50
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    • 2023
  • In 2019, the American College of Radiology announced Lung CT Screening Reporting & Data System (Lung-RADS) 1.1 to reduce lung cancer false positivity compared to that of Lung-RADS 1.0 for effective national lung cancer screening, and in December 2022, announced the new Lung-RADS 1.1, Lung-RADS 2022 improvement. The Lung-RADS 2022 measures the nodule size to the first decimal place compared to that of the Lung-RADS 1.0, to category 2 until the juxtapleural nodule size is < 10 mm, increases the size criterion of the ground glass nodule to 30 mm in category 2, and changes categories 4B and 4X to extremely suspicious. The category was divided according to the airway nodules location and shape or wall thickness of atypical pulmonary cysts. Herein, to help radiologists understand the Lung-RADS 2022, this review will describe its advantages, disadvantages, and future improvements.

A Case Report of Disseminated Extranodal Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma of MALT Manifested by Solitary Pulmonary Nodule (고립성 폐결절로 발현한 파종성 림프절 외 변연부 B-세포 림프종 1예)

  • Cho, Joon Hyun;Jung, Jong Pil;Cha, Hee Jeong;Park, Chang Ryul;Kim, Sung Ryul;Kim, Hawk;Park, Jin Woo;Woo, Soon Joo;Eum, Eun A;Lee, Ki Young;Jegal, Yang Jin
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.61 no.2
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    • pp.171-177
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    • 2006
  • Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) is usually indolent. Although it was reported recently that about 20-30% cases of MALT lymphoma presented with a disseminated disease at diagnosis, it was described as a disease localized at diagnosis and remaining stable for a prolonged period. However, only a few cases of MALT lymphoma involved the lung and gastrointestinal tract all at once. We report a case of a 73-year-old man with disseminated MALT lymphoma. He presented with non-productive cough, initial chest radiograph showed a nodule in the right lower lobe. The diagnosis of stage IV MALT lymphoma was made by CT scan, video-assisted thoracoscopic excisional biopy, gastrofiberscopic biopsy and bone marrow biopsy. The lymphoma involved the lung, stomach and bone marrow at the time of diagnosis. Because he refused chemotherapy, he discharged after Helicobacter pylori eradication without chemotherapy. Regular follow-up examination did not show any evidence of disease progression over 22 months.

A Case of Primary Pulmonary Artery Sarcoma (원발성 폐동맥 육종 1례)

  • Kim, Hee Joung;Seo, Suk Min;Kim, Sung Yong;Kim, Myung Sook;Kim, Seung Joon;Kim, Young Kyoon;Kim, Kwan Hyoung;Moon, Hwa Sik;Song, Jeong Sup;Park, Sung Hak
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.54 no.2
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    • pp.230-235
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    • 2003
  • A primary pulmonary artery sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor derived from the intimal layer of the pulmonary artery. Its clinical presentation can lead to a misdiagnosis of more common diseases such as thromboembolic disease. It is known to have a very poor prognosis. Therefore, the correct diagnosis of a primary pulmonary artery sarcoma is difficult and often delayed. We experienced a case of primary pulmonary artery sarcoma mimicking a pulmonary thromboembolism. The patient was admitted as a result of progressive dyspnea and coughing. The lung perfusion scan showed a large perfusion defect involving almost the entire right lung and suspicious small perfusion defects in the left upper lobe. Magnetic resonance imaging of the chest showed an enhancing nodule within the thrombus in the right pulmonary artery. The mass was removed completely by surgery, but the patient died as a result of shock.

CT-Guided Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Biopsy Using the Additional Laser Guidance System by a Pulmonologist with 2 Years of Experience in CT-Guided Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Biopsy

  • Jeon, Min-Cheol;Kim, Ju Ock;Jung, Sung Soo;Park, Hee Sun;Lee, Jeong Eun;Moon, Jae Young;Chung, Chae Uk;Kang, Da Hyun;Park, Dong Il
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.81 no.4
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    • pp.330-338
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    • 2018
  • Background: We developed an additional laser guidance system to improve the efficacy and safety of conventional computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB), and we conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of our system. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 244 patients who underwent CT-guided PTNB using our additional laser guidance system from July 1, 2015, to January 20, 2016. Results: There were nine false-negative results among the 238 total cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of our system for diagnosing malignancy were 94.4% (152/161), 100% (77/77), 100% (152/152), 89.5% (77/86), and 96.2% (229/238), respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed that the risk factors for a false-negative result were male sex (p=0.029), a final diagnosis of malignancy (p=0.033), a lesion in the lower lobe (p=0.035), shorter distance from the skin to the target lesion (p=0.003), and shorter distance from the pleura to the target lesion (p=0.006). The overall complication rate was 30.5% (74/243). Pneumothorax, hemoptysis, and hemothorax occurred in 21.8% (53/243), 9.1% (22/243), and 1.6% (4/243) of cases, respectively. Conclusion: The additional laser guidance system might be a highly economical and efficient method to improve the diagnostic efficacy and safety of conventional CT-guided PTNB even if performed by inexperienced pulmonologists.

(Automatic detection of pulmonary nodules in X-ray chest images) (흉부 X선 영상에서의 폐 노쥴 자동 탐지 기법)

  • Sung, Won;Kim, Eui-Jung;Park, Jong-Won
    • Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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    • v.3 no.9
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    • pp.1279-1286
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    • 2002
  • Generally, radiologists can fail to detect pulmonary nodules in up to 30%. If an automatic system can inform the radiologists of thelocations of the doubtful nodules in the X-ray chest images, the frequency of mistakenly observed numbers of the nodules can be potentially reduced. This software is using morphological filtering and two feature-extraction techniques. The morphological filtering is the first process, which subsequently adds the operations of erosion and dilation to the original images so that this process can transform the original X-ray chest images into manageable ones. The false-positives are frequently being mistaken as nodules but actually these are not real nodules. The second process is the two feature-extraction techniques which are used to reduce the false-positives. Therefore, this system will make more effective detection of pulmonary nodules by reducing the false-positives when applied to the X-ray chest images which is difficult to get accurate detection.

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