• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.3 s.61
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• pp.191-198
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• 2005

Menu is the most common interaction tool to select and execute a specific menu item from multiple menu options. With the very rapid increasing amount of information, various new menu designs have been developed. In this research, the pull-down menu, fisheye menu and grid menu were tested to compare the performance time, error rate, simplicity, usefulness, user friendliness, and overall user preference of each menu type. The grid menu was more efficient in selection speed than the pull-down and fisheye menus when the number of menu-items was 50 and 100. The time needed to choose a menu-item with a grid menu was less affected by the size of menu. The pull-down and the grid menus were considered to be more satisfactory, simple, user friendly, and useful than the fisheye menu. 42.3 percent of subjects indicated that the grid menu was their preferred selection tool among the menus. The grid menu is an efficient and robust alternative menu choice for small and middle size menu list. Further study is required to examine the possibility of grid menu on mobile devices.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.104-113
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• 2016

A new design method for multi-functional pull-down menu based on stacking rules is proposed. The importance of a design point of view has been emphasized in many previous studies on web navigation. Taking technical aspects with an emphasis on programming techniques into consideration in this paper, multiple elements, which are used for constructing main menu of the pull-down menu, are capable of performing their unique functions independently in addition to basic classification function by disposing them to separated layers using stacking rules. Furthermore, the improvement of visual effects and efficiency for information navigation can be expected by implementing submenu selection-bar using animation techniques and function to automatically search submenu item. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is identified by implementing multi-functional pull-down menu using CSS and jQuery.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.525-536
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• 2016

As obtaining information via the Internet has increased recently, the importance of web-based user interface more than ever is being emphasized. The purpose of this study is to improve the sliding structures of submenu in pull-down menu for improving web user interface. Animation techniques applied to the submenu of the pull-down menus that are being used at many web sites have very monotonous sliding structures. In order to solve these problems, a new sliding algorithm based on enlarging/reducing and moving animation techniques with direction control in pull-down menu is proposed. As a result, the proposed method can not only improve visual effects significantly but be also easily applied to the implementation of the web-based user interface in comparison with the previous pull-down menus. Finally, experiments on application of the proposed sliding algorithm to responsive image slider show that the proposed method can achieve good results. Further studies taking into account performance are needed to implement web-based interactive contents using the proposed method.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.127-134
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare data input interfaces used in e-business applications on the web and find optimal input design characteristics. Basic data entry tools such as a pull down menu, list, text input box, and radio button were examined by inputting data into a simulated hotel room reservation web site. Experimental results indicated that the text input box was most efficient for experts or experienced operators when there are more than four menu-items and pull down menu was considered most satisfactory, simplest, and easier to use for novices or unexperienced users. A simple list was determined to be the best for the input of binary data considering user's satisfaction, simplicity, and flexibility but radio button was evaluated best for the ease to use. Design guide lines of this study can be applied to build a usable interactive web sites and increase economic efficiency.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.12B no.4 s.100
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• pp.473-478
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction effect of Web site menu designs and information structures on two information searching performances (searching and browsing) and three measures of users' attitudes (appeal, usability, and disorientation). Pronounced interaction effects occurred across four dependent variables except searching when decreasing and increasing information structure were combined with a simple selection menu and a pull-down menu. Further studies are needed to investigate additional interactions among factors of interface and information structure of Web sites.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 1992.11a
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• pp.32-36
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• 1992

This paper develops the dynamic equivalents program combined with graphic user interface(GUI), to solve the stability of large power system. The p개posed method is coherency-based dynamic equivalents for transient stability studies. The program also provides with pull-down menu and Hangout help information for users. The developed dynamic equivalents program is suitable for the transient stability studies of a large power system with lots of data. The dynamic equivalents demonstrated over the New England system with 39 buses and 10 generators.

• IE interfaces
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.75-85
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• 1992

A common problem for manufacturing industries, especially consumer goods industries, is how to establish standardized procedures for loading finished goods onto pallets or containers for subsequent storage and distribution. Utilizing previous research results on the palletizing problem, this paper develops micro-computer based programs which generate an optimum loading pattern leading to the minimum amount of unused pallet or container space. Development of pallet layout chart is also included in the computer programs. The results are displayed by computer-graphic. For the users who are unfamiliar with pallet loading problem and computer system, pull-down menu and user-computer interactive data input procedures are adopted.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1992.10a
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• pp.519-524
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• 1992

In this paper, an operating system is designed for NC controllers. Host computer is the IBM-PC, and the controller panel is designed in graphics mode to look easily for users. Pull-down menu is selected, which is useful to minimize a mistake made by users, so users can use NC controller more effectively. Also, many functions are proposed, such as NC editor for programming the NC program directly, simulation function for testing editted NC program, and new key-pad that appropriates for the functions of OS.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1991.04a
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• pp.334-340
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• 1991

The information with regard to the working rance of lathe, cutting tool, cutting condition is managed as detabase system for turning operation. Date with regard to the working range of lathe, cutting tool, cutting condition are stroed by the DBMS(Data Base Management System) and can be added, modified, deleted and retrieved. Data stored in database system are searched to select the most proper cutting tool and cutting condition with the input data fed from the design stage. The system developed in this work is operated by the pull down menu on the IBM PC/AT personal computer, or compatible series.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.533-542
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• 1994

This paper presents the new algorithm for fault analysis and this algorithm obtains requisite term for fault analysis by the two-port network technique. Therefore, the fault calculation time is composed of only few fundamental arithmetic calculation. The graphic user environment for fault analysis is implemented in mouse-oriented user interface with window and pull-down menu. The result of the algorithm proved to be identical with the sample system in Ref.[8]. this package can be a useful tool for fault analysis.