• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.137-165
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• 2016

Community enterprise is a type of business that simultaneously pursues public interest and profitability to vitalize the local society and economy and also an alternative endeavor to restore community by local residents using local resources. In rapid changes of business environment and social dynamics of these days, one of the alternatives to provide solutions for problems in persons and organizations is workplace spirituality. Workplace spirituality is not only beneficial to satisfaction, commitment, devotion, and organizational citizenship behavior, but also positively influential to outcome of an organization. Expanding the scope and subjects found in most previous studies on workplace spirituality of general companies, this study tries to contribute to development of community enterprises through empirical analysis of the effect of community enterprise. In result, workplace spirituality showed positively significant influence on job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior equally in both of community enterprises and general companies. Job satisfaction presented positively significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. And job satisfaction mediated the relationship between workplace spirituality and organizational citizenship behavior. In addition, workplace spirituality of community enterprises showed difference from general companies showed greater coefficient and influence. Although workplace spirituality is important for general companies that pursue profit, it is shown that greater significance was found in community enterprises. Workplace spirituality, which is equivalent to A sense of calling, sense of inner life, sense of empathy, sense of community, and sense of transcendence through community enterprise, needs to be promoted and settled in community enterprises.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.389-395
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• 2020

Female empowerment advertising campaigns are easily observed in the United States and European countries whereas it is rarely found in Korea. Thus, this study is designed to analyze female empowerment advertising campaigns so-called femvertising through a case analysis method. The case analysis is often employed in the field of advertising and other social sciences, especially is helpful in finding current trends. Study results found that themes of global femvertising campaigns could be categorized into 'redefining women's beauty', 'gender equality', 'education', and 'leadership'. The objective of these femvertising campaigns is to change perspectives of the society on women and change men's perspective. In terms of product category by global femvertising campaign companies, it varies from consumer goods, IT & electronics, automotive, finance, toy, non-profit organization to press. In general, femvertising targets women, but some femvertising campaigns also target men. This study also provides implications in regards with media usage strategy and advertising planning strategy.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-48
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• 2014

Recently, governance of science and technology emerged as one of most important social problems and as a result it is crucial to understand it in science and technology studies. This article discusses three most important realms in science and technology goverance - research and development, regulation, and social movement - in the concrete Korean contexts. First of all, the Korean state has driven research and development and promoted its commercialization unlike other developed countries. Consequently, this nationalistic view on science disseminated to Korean public and it generated uniformity in research style and organization. Second, science and technology regulations embraced developed countries' policies, leading to its glocalization. As a result, technocratic old governance and new governance including precautionary principle and participatory democracy coexist. Third, the civil society has challenged expertise and state-driven science and technology governance and fueled social movements related to environment, safety, and health issues. The politics of knowledge created by citizens' voluntary participation and collaborative experts made it clear that science and technology should be no longer tool for economic development. In conclusion, we discuss characteristics of science and technology governance in Korea, giving various implication on current research and policy.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.53
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• pp.179-207
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to find out the structural characteristics of interorganizational networks for women, and to identify the magnitude of efficient structure for network using 30 organizations for women in Buchon. This study attempted to examine the characteristic of interorganizational networks through searching out the central organization and block modeling. The research sample was 30 organizations, and the data analyzed by UCINET V and KP(Krack Plot) 3.1. The results show that public agencies are central organizations of all dimensions(information exchange, client referral, cooperation, resource exchange) and they also play an important part as intermediary of interorganizational network. A prominent characteristics of network is "ggiri-network" that means network between similar agencies. This finding provides important strategy to build and expand the network. Also this finding can be direction of network structure to meet women's needs and empower women.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.212-219
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• 2006

Research literatures (e.g. research report, scientific paper and thesis, published between 2001 and 2005) of 332 collected from KISTI, KISS, ARPC databases were investigated and analyzed to give an overview of domestic ginseng researches. Most of recent ginseng researches have been performed by private nonprofit institutions and individuals, which suggests that a role of public institution fur ginseng researches needed to be enlarged. In terms of research fields, cultivation and agricultural researches have been mainly accomplished in ginseng research. Cell physiology and reproductive function researches occupied large part of pharmacological studies, but clinical studies were relatively limited. Studies on general food products development have taken the main part in fields of food products including functional foods. As the result of analysis of 312 domestic ginseng patents by classifications of world international property organization (WIPO), it was categorized into food technology, medicinal fermentation development technology, fermentation technology, and agriculture-fisheries technology. This integrated overview of the widely scattered ginseng literatures shows current general research trends in Korea and will be able to suggest further needs on cultivation, studies and industralization of ginseng.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.394-401
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• 2012

Objectives: Diabetes and obesity each increases mortality, but recent papers have shown that lean Asian persons were at greater risk for mortality than were obese persons. The objective of this study is to determine whether an interaction exists between body mass index (BMI) and diabetes, which can modify the risk of death by cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Subjects who were over 20 years of age, and who had information regarding BMI, past history of diabetes, and fasting blood glucose levels (n=16 048), were selected from the Korea Multi-center Cancer Cohort study participants. By 2008, a total of 1290 participants had died; 251 and 155 had died of CVD and stroke, respectively. The hazard for deaths was calculated with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) by Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Compared with the normal population, patients with diabetes were at higher risk for CVD and stroke deaths (HR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.33 to 2.56; HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.20 to 2.76; respectively). Relative to subjects with no diabetes and normal BMI (21 to 22.9 $kg/m^2$), lean subjects with diabetes (BMI <21 $kg/m^2$) had a greater risk for CVD and stroke deaths (HR, 2.83; 95% CI, 1.57 to 5.09; HR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.58 to 6.76; respectively), while obese subjects with diabetes (BMI ${\geq}25kg/m^2$) had no increased death risk (p-interaction <0.05). This pattern was consistent in sub-populations with no incidence of hypertension. Conclusions: This study suggests that diabetes in lean people is more critical to CVD deaths than it is in obese people.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.597-612
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• 2009

This paper is an anthropological study on the regional revitalization movement by the traditional ceramic industry in Mashiko-cho, Japan. It especially deals with the issues like history of revitalization based on ceramics, idealogical features and roles of core activist group, and adaptive strategies of local society to the ever-changing circumstances. The ceramic industry of Mashiko-cho had developed vigorously in 19C, and had passed many critical points in 20C. In 1960s, the ceramic industry of Mashiko-cho developed stably through introducing of Mingei(民藝) ideology and artists. This is evaluated as a 'bottom-up' regional revitalization movement and a active utilization of traditional cultural resources. In Mashiko-cho, the ideological leadership of cultural artist groups have been central roles in the regional revitalization movement. The representative cases are transformation of production of ordinary ceramics to production of Mingei ceramics from the middle of 1950s, official organization of core activist group and establishment of direct sale system by the producers in the middle of 1960s, and full-scale cooperation of private sector and public sector from the beginning of 1980s. Nonetheless the regional revitalization movement by the traditional ceramic industry in Mashikocho have come out well up to now, it should make new tradition which is well-matched to the ever-changing circumstances as seeing various and complex differentiation on the inside of local society.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.62-68
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• 2016

Osteoporosis is a medical condition of global concern, with increasing incidence in both sexes. Bone mineral density (BMD), a highly heritable trait, has been proven a useful diagnostic factor in predicting fracture. Because medical information is lacking about male osteoporotic genetics, we conducted a genome-wide association study of BMD in Korean men. With 1,176 participants, we analyzed 4,414,664 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) after genomic imputation, and identified five SNPs and three loci correlated with bone density and strength. Multivariate linear regression models were applied to adjust for age and body mass index interference. Rs17124500 ($p=6.42{\times}10^{-7}$), rs34594869 ($p=6.53{\times}10^{-7}$) and rs17124504 ($p=6.53{\times}10^{-7}$) in 14q31.3 and rs140155614 ($p=8.64{\times}10^{-7}$) in 15q25.1 were significantly associated with lumbar spine BMD (LS-BMD), while rs111822233 ($p=6.35{\times}10^{-7}$) was linked with the femur total BMD (FT-BMD). Additionally, we analyzed the relationship between BMD and five genes previously identified in Korean men. Rs61382873 (p = 0.0009) in LRP5, rs9567003 (p = 0.0033) in TNFSF11 and rs9935828 (p = 0.0248) in FOXL1 were observed for LS-BMD. Furthermore, rs33997547 (p = 0.0057) in ZBTB and rs1664496 (p = 0.0012) in MEF2C were found to influence FT-BMD and rs61769193 (p = 0.0114) in ZBTB to influence femur neck BMD. We identified five SNPs and three genomic regions, associated with BMD. The significance of our results lies in the discovery of new loci, while also affirming a previously significant locus, as potential osteoporotic factors in the Korean male population.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.97-121
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• 2006

Inter-Korean exchanges using civil aviation has been continuing since the temporary direct air route from Pyongyang to Seoul was opened on June 15th, 2000 for the summit meeting with North Korea. In this paper, I analyze the North Korea Aviation law by focusing on the differences with South Korean Aviation law. While South Korean Aviation law is modeled on the Pandect system, North Korean Aviation law can only be understood by looking at North Korea's socialist ideology. Therefore, North Korean Aviation law has some expressions which can hardly be understood. With respect to the source of aviation law, both South and North Korea are in compliance with the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Signed at Chicago, on 7 December, 1944). Thus, they established the aviation law based on the standards and recommendations provided by ICAO. For this reason, they have similar legal systems and composition. From this analysis, a few differences are also derived regarding aircraft ownership, airports, airline liability, aircraft accident investigation organization and aviation insurance. It is important to note that this paper has a particular limitation. Not only is the information about North Korean law very limited, but North Korea also does not provide easy access to its national legal codes. This paper describes the legal comparison of South and North Korea by focusing on the formation and framework of North Korean aviation law.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.549-559
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• 2014

The increasing demand of maritime transportation and port development especially due to increased international trade resulted in a strengthening of regulating the greenhouse gas emissions mainly from ships by International Maritime Organization (IMO). Responding to these international environmental regulation and enforcement, the United States and the European seaports have expanded their Green Port Policy, which can promote the public welfare by reducing pollution caused by ships and ports. Accordingly, in 2010, Korean government enacted "The Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth" and had pushed for all Korean ports to establish and implement their own green port policies. Therefore, the objective of this study is to establish the Green Port Policy Plan for sustainable and environmental friendly operations and developments of Ulsan port, which plans to be the oil hub port of Northeast Asia. To this end, we studied the current status of the environmental policy issues in Ulsan Port and international-&-domestic case studies on establishment of green port policy. With these studies, Ulsan green policy alternatives were identified that through the experts advice, and then were prioritized by adopting AHP survey analysis. As the result of this study, it was notified that LED lights replacement and AMP establishment as the hardware policy and the port environmental management department as the software policy were equally important policy options for the implementation of sustainable Ulsan Green Port Policy to meet port's characteristics.