• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.335-348
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• 2020

This study examines the cultural differences in Korea and the United Kingdom, and how they affect consumer complaint behavior(CCB). Technological advances allow consumers to easily access information anywhere in the world using the internet thus they demand even higher expectations from the sellers. Consumers from different cultural backgrounds, especially the millennial generation, have different ways of expressing a dissatisfying shopping experience. For this comparative study, in-depth interviews were conducted based on the methodology set by grounded theory. The results of the axial coding produced by recombining the data from open coding were visualized as a paradigm model. The main phenomenon of attitude towards complaining was formed following the causal conditions of dissatisfaction that occurred after purchasing fashion products online. The contextual condition, which is the cultural factors, affects the formation of the attitude towards complaining; and the intervening conditions, which are personal value and amplifications of dissatisfaction, had a moderating effect between the causal condition and the main phenomenon. Complaining costs, the likelihood of successful complaint, attribution, and the importance of the product were the determinants of the complaining behavior after the attitude towards complaining was formed. As a result, there were three classifications of consumer complaining behavior: no action, private action, and public action. This research will serve as a guide for online companies that wish to enter the UK fashion industry with a competitive edge.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.203-214
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• 2011

The objectives of this research were to predict land-use/land-cover change at the Sakaerat Environmental Research Station (SERS) and to analyze its consequences on the distribution for Black-crested Bulbul (Pycnonotus melanicterus), which is a popular species for bird-watching activity. The Dyna-CLUE model was used to determine land-use allocation between 2008 and 2020 under two scenarios. Trend scenario was a continuation of recent land-use change (2002-2008), while the integrated land-use management scenario aimed to protect 45% of study area under intact forest, rehabilitated forest and reforestation for renewable energy. The maximum entropy model (Maxent), Geographic Information System (GIS) and FRAGSTATS package were used to predict bird occurrence and assess landscape fragmentation indices, respectively. The results revealed that parts of secondary growth, agriculture areas and dry dipterocarp forest close to road networks would be converted to other land use classes, especially eucalyptus plantation. Distance to dry evergreen forest, distance to secondary growth and distance to road were important factors for Black-crested Bulbul distribution because this species prefers to inhabit ecotones between dense forest and open woodland. The predicted for occurrence of Black-crested Bulbul in 2008 covers an area of 3,802 ha and relatively reduces to 3,342 ha in 2020 for trend scenario and to 3,627 ha for integrated-land use management scenario. However, intact habitats would be severely fragmented, which can be noticed by total habitat area, largest patch index and total core area indices, especially under the trend scenario. These consequences are likely to diminish the recreation and education values of the SERS to the public.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the planning concept and spatial characteristics of the multi-housing units in prize-wining works of design competition since 2007. Literature review and content analysis were used for this study and 199units over $59m^2$ were analyzed to review the planning concept, spatial composition and layout. The results of this study were as follows; 1)The planning concept of these units were divided into three aspects; that is, eco-friendly, rational and sustainable unit plan by means of functional, environmental-friendly and future-oriented aspects. 2)Most unit plans had 3LDK+2bath and 4Bay types including family room as a public space. This results shows that family-room and bathroom has recently become more important than number of rooms in multi-housing units planning. 2)In terms of the spatial composition of LDK and Master Bed room, LDK area become large, open type and master-zone were showed 'bed room+dress and powder room+bath' type. 3)The entrance has a intermediated space as a balcony or a former space and the privacy of LDK space was protected from the entrance. This study has a significant moaning on grasping current trend in Korean multi-housing and to provide Information for future direction on housing-unit design.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2013

본 연구는 방송통신심의위원회의 심의과정에서 심의 DB를 활용함으로써 보다 효율적인 업무수행과 체계적이고 일관된 심의결과를 도출할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 타 콘텐츠 심의기관의 DB 시스템을 비교분석하고, 방송 심의 DB의 개선방안을 제시하였다. 분석결과, 타 콘텐츠 심의 DB의 경우 정보입력내용이 매우 자세하고 구체적으로 이루어져 객관적이고 일관된 심의가 이루어지도록 하고 있다. 또한 DB 활용 측면에서도 타 기관의 경우 다양한 방식으로 심의 결과를 활용할 수 있도록 접근성과 활용가능성을 높이고 있다. 향후 방송심의 DB가 체계적이고 효율적으로 구축, 활용됨으로써 심의대상자인 방송사와 콘텐츠를 생산하는 제작자들이 심의결과를 수긍할 수 있도록 하는 체제로 개선되기를 기대한다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.125-144
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• 2013

This aim in this study is to investigate the meaning of case management and management in general from the case manger's perspective, as well as case mangers' abilities and networks. We also propose a development direction for the establishment of a local integrated family-centered community management system. Regarding the collection of qualitative data, focus group interviews (FGIs) were conducted with 11 case managers from social welfare organizations in the city of C. The interviews consisted of open-ended questions in the following four categories: understanding of case management, case managers' abilities, case management environments, and local community networks. According to the interview analysis, a total of 16 subcategories in 9 categories and 4 domains have been identified. Due to the ambiguity regarding the concept of case management, case management was completely dependent upon individual case managers' abilities. In particular, family-centered case management was found to exist in several organizations in the same region. In terms of case management environments, the following problems have been observed: absence of related departments and staff, confusion regarding performance evaluation standards, limitations in sharing information among organizations, limitations in resource exploration and management, redundant support, and an uncomfortable relationship between the private and public sector. Horizontal exchange and cooperation among organizations are essential to establish and facilitate a local community network. After all, to establish a local family-centered community case management system, the roles of a Healthy Families Center and a Multi-cultural Family Support Center as parts of a family-centered transfer system should be fully emphasized in local society, and the performance of family-centered case management should be developed.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.549-557
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• 2011

Chinese cabbage is a staple food to Korean, which has the high degree of self-sufficiency and worldwide breeding technique in the aspect of seed. However, the producers' competitiveness has been decreasing after the agricultural product market was open. In order to cope with this problem, the government introduced some policies for promoting seed industry in 2007 to reflect producer's needs for high quality seeds of Chinese cabbage. These policies will be a good opportunity for producers to secure and promote the producers' competitiveness against low-price importing Chinese cabbage. In this aspect it is very important to know how well these policies are established and what Chinese cabbage farmers want in regard to a new variety of Chinese cabbage seed. This study was carried out to look over the Chinese cabbage producers' using pattern about a new variety of seed and show some directions for efficient way of diffusion of a new variety of seed to producers using a survey research. The main results are as follows. The producers thought the characteristics of a new variety of seed most important factor compared to other factors such as the seed price, and easiness of cabbage sales when they choose a seed. Also, the 65% of respondents were willing to accept a new variety of seed and thought the government support for an exhibition field and diffusing public information about a new variety of Chinese cabbage seed are important in accepting a new variety of seed.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제10D권1호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2003

현재 네트워크 보안을 위한 방화벽과공용 IP 주소 부족 문제를 발견하기 위한 NAT의 사용이 일반화되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 환경에서는 기본적으로 서로 다른 방화벽/NAT 내에 있는 사용자들 간의 상호 연결이 불가능하기 때문에 제한된 서비스들만이 제공되어질 가능성이 있다. 이러한 문제점은 서로 다른 피어들간에 직접 연결을 하여 서비스를 주고받는 순수 P2P 환경에서는 각종 서비스의 제공에 근 방해 요소로 작용 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 P2P 환경에서 방화벽/NAT 내에 있지 않은 피어들 중 네트워크 트래픽이 적은 피어를 동적으로 선정하여 프락시-서버를 할당한 후 이를 피어들의 통신 매개체로 사용하는 기법을 제안한다. 제안 기법은 운영체제 독립적이고, 양방항 통신을 가능하게 해주며, 기존의 클라이언트-서버 환경에서 프락시-서버로 집중될 수 있는 네트워크 그래픽을 여러 피어들에게 분산시킬 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.361-370
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• 2017

Objectives: This study evaluated the diesel engine exhaust (DEE) exposure levels of door-to-door deliverers in Daegu from July to September. Methods: We measured exposure levels of DEE surrogates for the same door-to-door deliverers who joined the particulate matter 2.5 exposure study previously published in this journal. Black carbon(BC) concentrations were measured using real-time BC monitoring devices with 1 minute interval. $NO_2$ concentrations were monitored using passive badges. DEE exposure data were analyzed using the same characteristics and GPS information as the first study. Results: A total of 40 measurements of BC concentrations and $NO_2$ concentrations were collected during delivery of parcels. The average exposure levels to BC, and $NO_2$ were $2.23{\mu}g/m^3$ ($0.001-350.85{\mu}g/m^3$) and 21.26 ppb(3.3-61.37 ppb), respectively. Exposure levels to BC according to the day of a week and coverage areas were not significantly different(p>0.05). Delivery trucks manufactured before 2006 caused significantly higher exposure to BC than the trucks manufactured after 2006(p<0.05). Exposure levels of BC integrated for each time in residential area and roadsides were $1.96{\mu}g/m^3$ and $3.46{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.001). The Pearson correlation coefficients between the ambient $PM_{2.5}$ and BC was significant, r=0.26(p<0.01); however, the correlations between $PM_{2.5}$ and ambient $PM_{2.5}$, and between BC of DEE and $PM_{2.5}$ of DEE did not show a significant correlation Conclusions: BC and $NO_2$ exposure levels were significantly lower when door-to-door deliverers drove newer trucks. BC exposure levels of deliverers were higher in roadsides than in residential area. DEE from nearby vehicles through open windows might be the main source of BC exposure.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.375-381
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• 2016

최근 코드북 기반의 전 배경 분리 알고리즘에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 코드북은 입력 영상 시퀀스로부터 화소당 하나씩 만들어 지는데, 코드북 내의 각 코드워드는 동일 위치의 훈련 화소들을 대상으로 양자화를 수행한 클러스터 대표 벡터이다. 일반적인 코드북 기반 방법들은 초기 배경 모델 생성을 위하여 긴 시간동안 훈련 샘플들의 학습 과정을 거친다. 본 논문에서는 초기 몇 장의 프레임으로 부터 간단한 중위수 연산을 통하여 초기 배경 모델을 생성하고, 시간의 흐름에 따라 변화된 배경 정보를 포함할 수 있도록 코드워드의 사용 빈도수에 기반하여 배경 모델을 갱신한다. 제안한 알고리즘을 OpenCV 3.0과 연동하여 C언어로 구현하여 몇 개의 PETS2009 데이터에 적용 실험하였다. 해당 데이터는 준-주기적 움직임을 갖는 영상 시퀀스, 이동 물체의 일시 정지 등의 시나리오를 포함하고 있다. 실험을 통하여 제안한 방식이 GMM 알고리즘, 표준 코드북 알고리즘에 비하여 우수한 성능을 나타내고 있음을 확인하였다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 기존 DTV 커버리지 측정차량의 문제점을 해결하고 효율적으로 전파 음영지역을 찾아내기 위해 고정식 DTV전파측정차량의 기능을 포함하면서도 이동하며 전파수신현황 및 수신상태를 측정할 수 있는 다중 안테나 이동측정시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 모두 4개의 무지향성(omni-directional)안테나와 고정측정을 위한 1개의 지향성(directional)안테나를 포함하며, 공간 다이버시티(space diversity)를 활용하여 운용할 수 있도록 각각의 안테나마다 측정장비를 배치하고 각각의 측정값을 실시간으로 수집하고 처리한다. 제안된 시스템의 효용성을 보이기 위해 국내 수신 전파 환경을 3가지 유형으로 모델링하고 이들 지역에서 집중적인 측정을 실시하였다. 또한 측정 결과의 상세한 분석을 토대로 이동측정 및 고정측정간의 상관관계를 밝히고자 하였다. 특히 제안된 시스템의 적용을 위한 실험에는 방송사 현업 실무자들이 측정 및 결과 정리에 공동으로 참여하는 등 객관성을 확보하고자 하였으며 개발 장비를 국책 연구기관의 인위적 난시청 조사사업에 일부 적용하는 등 실제 방송 커버리지 관리 업무에 적극적으로 활용하고 있다.