• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.389-395
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• 2012

Cloned animals are a result of asexual reproduction of animals using somatic cell nuclear transfer. Ever since the first report of a cloned sheep 'Dolly' produced by SCNT, increasing numbers of livestock, such as bovine and swine clones, have been generated worldwide. Foods derived from cloned animals have not been produced yet. However, the food safety of cloned animals has provoked controversy. The EU Food Safety Authority and U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced that milk and meat from cloned and non-cloned animals have no difference regarding food safety. However, food derived from cloned animals is considered unsuitable for eating vaguely. Moreover, there were scant information about cloned animals in Korea. Therefore, we surveyed the number of cloned animals worldwide including Korea and summarized the reports for cloned animals and discussed predictable problems.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to suggest public roles and responsibilities about Architecture Heritage under Act on Value Enhancement of Hanok and Other Architecture Asset by analyzing the Architecture Heritage System of Spain. The case study on Spain, Catalonia, Barcelona's Act of architectural heritage was conducted to analyze the laws and guidelines related to Architectural Heritage and to confirm the perspective on Architectural Heritage and roles by subjects through interviews with the department in charge. The role of the central governments is to the responsibility of preservation that can be offset by create incentives and expand programs to create consensus among citizens. The architecture asset survey, which is the responsibility of the municipal governments, should increase confidence by the detailed survey to define the authority and role of the basic local government. And the municipal governments must increase the architectural heritage more support and incentive. Excellence architectural assets must diversify the range of incentive and preservation, and ask for registration that various subjects can apply it by expanding category of application to public sector, non-governmental organization, citizens rather than an owner.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.175-202
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• 2008

이 연구는 우리나라 공공도서관 어린이 서비스의 현재 수준을 조망해 보기 위하여 전국의 공공도서관을 대상으로 현황을 조사하여 분석하였다. 설문조사를 통해 전국 공공도서관 중 171개관을 대상으로 분석하였으며, 도서관의 소재 지역과 예산 규모에 따라 영역을 구분하여 살펴보았다. 어린이 서비스를 시설 및 공간, 자료, 인력, 이용자봉사, 운영 일반 및 강좌 5개 영역으로 나누어 다양한 측면들을 조사하고 분석하였다. 분석결과 어린이 서비스의 수준과 내용에서 도서관 소재 지역과 규모에 따라 다양한 편차가 나타나는 것을 알 수 있으며, 가장 주목할 만한 것은 전체적으로 공공도서관 서비스에서 어린이 서비스가 차지하는 비중에 비해 투여되는 자원의 규모는 상대적으로 낮은 수준에 놓여 있다는 사실이다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2020

Bitcoin (BTC) is a type of cryptocurrency that supports transaction/payment of virtual money between BTC users without the presence of a central authority or any third party like bank. It uses some cryptographic techniques namely public- and private-keys, digital signature and cryptographic-hash functions, and they are used for making secure transactions and maintaining distributed public ledger called blockchain. In BTC system, each transaction signed by sender is broadcasted over the P2P (Peer-to-Peer) Bitcoin network and a set of such transactions collected over a period is hashed together with the previous block/other values to form a block known as candidate block, where the first block known as genesis-block was created independently. Before a candidate block to be the part of existing blockchain (chaining of blocks), a computation-intensive hard problem needs to be solved. A number of miners try to solve it and a winner earns some BTCs as inspiration. The miners have high computing and hardware resources, and they play key roles in BTC for blockchain formation. This paper mainly analyses the underlying cryptographic techniques, identifies some weaknesses and proposes their enhancements. For these, two modifications of BTC are suggested ― (i) All BTC users must use digital certificates for their authentication and (ii) Winning miner must give signature on the compressed data of a block for authentication of public blocks/blockchain.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2024

Korean aviation authority required air service providers to submit public disclosure of aviation safety investment to encourage proactive and voluntary safety investments. In 2023, two airport operators and seventeen airlines disclosed their safety investment results and plans for the first time. This study aims to examine and analyze the current status of the disclosure system, identify insights for its development, and set directions for the future. Safety investments by airport operators decreased by 14.3% in 2022 compared to 2021 due to decreased aviation demand. Airline increased their safety investment by 46% to 4 trillion won, investing heavily in MRO and aircraft replacement, leading to a decrease in the average fleet age by 0.8 years. FSCs have shown a significantly higher level of safety investment compared to LCCs. However, LCCs show higher safety investment relative to revenue. It is necessary to consider the characteristics of each operator as well as the scale when comparing safety investments. A roadmap is suggested based on the importance of disclosure items for the strategic approach and improvement measures for the aviation safety investment disclosure system.

• 정보보호학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.105-114
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• 1998

최근 정보 보안 및 전자 상거래 관련된 영역에서 cdrtificate(인증), certificate authirity(인증기관) 및 Public key Infrastructure(공개키 기반 구조) 등에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있다. 이러한 기술은 보안의 기본 요소인 인증 (authentication), 기밀성(confidentiality), 무결성(Integrity)및 부인봉쇄(non-repudiation)등의 기능을 커다란 규모의 시스템에 적용할 수 있는 거의 유일한 solution이 될 것이 확실하다. 이 자료에서는 CA(Certificate Authority)관련 기술 자체에 대한 자세한 설명보다는 개념적인 차원에서의 소개와 적용 영역 및 적용 model에 대해 소개하였다.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.411-420
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• 2000

Among the standards of CALS, CITIS(Contractor Integrated Technical Information Service) is a standard in information share procedure which manages all data and services occurred between a contractor and a purchaser. CITIS services have some security problems like authentication problem and repudiation problem, when they are implemented using the Internet. To solve these problems, CITIS needs a user certificate system which can allow to access important information only to qualified users. This paper proposed a PKI(Public Key Infrastructure) Certificate Authority for CITIS, and created a real User Certificate System which can be adjusted to circumstances of real CITIS.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.51-65
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to provide empirical basic data to develop public uniforms design, by understanding international universality and advanced design sense, through the analysis of public uniforms design at home and abroad. The theoretical study reviewed the character and area of public design, and the concepts and requirements of public uniforms. The empirical study analyzed public uniform design at home and abroad, focusing on typical public uniforms, such as police, fire fighter, and street cleaner. The results of this study were as follows. First, the police uniform has a standardized and formal suit style, which consists of a single-breasted dk-PB jacket with a notched collar and pants. It uses PB as the main color, to show their authority and role reliability. Epaulet or badge, which represents belonging and difference in rank, are attached to express the identity of an organization. Second, the fire fighter uniform consists of a hip length coat with a stand collar effective for heat shielding, and straight pants with flap pockets, in which it is easy to put things. Its main color is dkg-PB, to mitigate visual fatigue and enhance comfort, and an accent color scheme is used, to effectively raise visual attention and safety. Finally, the street cleaner uniform has a casual style, which consists of a jumper with a shirt collar and pants for high activity. v-YR and R with high chroma is mainly used, for increased attention during day and night work, to stress safety.

• Architectural research
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2022

The public rental housing policy aims to provide the housing to the vulnerable class who do not have enough credit to own houses. The Korean government introduced new policies for housing supply to improve the availability of new houses. However, it is difficult to expand the supply because of the accumulated deficit of public rental housing. In this study, the economic feasibility of long-term public rental housing reconstruction projects was examined to ensure the economic and sustainable growth of public rental housing. The research found that the compensation for the accumulated deficit is needed. Also the research analyzed and identified the factors affecting the economic feasibility of reconstruction projects. The significant factors identified in this research are: the supply price of pre-sale/rental housing in the reconstruction project, total cost of the reconstruction project, and total floor area of the reconstruction project. According to the analysis results, it is necessary to increase the rent of existing long-term public rental housing, expand the government subsidy, increase the supply price of pre-sale/rental housing, and reduce the total project cost. However, there are limitations. For example, the fluctuations of construction market, residents' burden of housing costs, and the limit of the budget of the public housing authority. The increasing total Floor Area Ratio(FAR) limitation of the reconstruction project would be the realistic solution to the problem because it gives incentives to the reconstruction project.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.115-129
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• 2010

As the fixed mobile communication tools using the internet are developed, the off-line services are serviced through on-line on the internet. our society is divided into the real world and the cyber world. In the cyber world, the authentication to the user is absolutely required. The authentication is divided into the real-name authentication and the anonymous authentication by the kind of the internet service provider. There are some ISPs needed the real-name authentication and there are others ISPs needed the anonymity authentication. The research about the anonymity authentication is steadily established to these days. In this paper, we analyze the problem about blind signature, group signature, ring signature, and traceable signature. And we propose a method of anonymity authentication using the public certificate. In the proposal, the anonymity certificate have the new structure and management. Certificate Authority issues several anonymity certificates to a user through the real-name authentication. Several anonymity certificates give non-linked and non-traceability to the attacker.