• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.92-113
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• 2008

이 연구의 목적은 공업고등학교 공작기계 과목의 CNC 선반 실습 표준 수행 평가를 위한 기준을 개발하는 데 있다. 이 연구에서는 CNC 선반 실습을 실시하고 있는 경기도내 13개 공업고등학교(공립 11개교와 사립 2개교)의 CNC 선반 수행 평가 기준을 수집, 분석하여 CNC 선반 실습 표준 수행 평가 기준을 개발 하였다. 경기도내 13개 공업고등학교에서 조사하여 작성한 CNC 선반 실습 표준 수행 평가 기준을 CNC 선반 실습 현장 교사 26명(각 학교별 2명씩)에게 타당성을 검증 받았다. 그 검증값은 평균 3.77 ~ 4.77로 타당도가 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구에서 개발한 평가 도구의 특징은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공업고등학교 학생들의 CNC 선반 실습에 대한 기능적인 영역뿐만 아니라 인지적 영역, 정의적 영역까지를 평가할 수 있도록 평가 기준을 개발하였다. 둘째, CNC 선반 실습 교과에 대한 평가 영역을 전 실습 과정에 대하여 세분화 하였으며, 교사와 학생이 함께 평가할 수 있는 객관적 평가 방법을 택하였다. 셋째, 개발된 CNC 선반 실습 표준 수행 평가 기준은 일선 현장에서 지도하고 있는 교사들로부터 타당성을 검증 받았기 때문에 타당도와 신뢰도가 높다고 할 수 있다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.153-178
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• 2000

Dental prosthetic restoration shows a big difference of cost per itemized unit depending on the size of dental labs, facility standard, manpower, and performance. Even the same dental labs have distinctive cost according to manufacturing performance, inflation, and the number of workers. However, in apite of such a change of circumstances, it appears to be quite stable in the relative cost per itemized unit unless the manufacturing trend of particular item changes dramatically. Therefore, if the relative number of cost per itemized unit, which is produced by costing, is indicated, we are able to utilize it effectively as a standard wage estimate. If the wage of dental prosthetic restoration is determined on the basis of cost, it is desirable that the relative value of cost and that of wage are identical. But, by means of comparative analysis, since the relative value of wage reveals mostly lower than that of cost depending on an item, it is considered that the wage is not reflecting the cost approproately. Due to the subdivision and the profession of medical technology, the new development of wage items for dental prosthetic restoration is required. This means that the need for the establishment of new wage items should be presented as the general concept of dental prothetic restroation changes and the level of pathologic technology increases. The current wage structure has differences in the degree of difficulty accroding to unit items and in the cost factors. Nevertheless, the differences are not reflected enough to the wage, so there is potential to lower the medical quality through the use of low-proce materials to avoid the increase of cost and the work process which skips a manufacturing step. The new items of dental prosthetic restoration also increases, but the development of proper numerical value system is not supported. Thus, the right proce is set mostly by applying to the wage of a similar item. Since most wages are established by an individual agreement between the dental clinic institute and the dental labs, the propriety of wage level lacks. Therefore, it is urgent to provide and promote the system of a fair work charge by a standard cost which can be applied to all medical institute.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.3-13
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• 2012

일본은 2006년 탐정업자 및 흥신소의 불법적인 영업과 난립을 막기 위하여 탐정업무의 적정화에 관한 법률을 제정 및 시행하게 되었다. 법률 제정이후 2012년 현재 일본의 탐정업과 관련하여 여전히 문제점들이 발생하고 있어, 일본의 관할 기관들은 이러한 문제점들을 개선하기 위해 해당 법령 개정 및 업자들에 대한 의식개선에 노력을 기울이고 있다. 따라서 향후 우리나라가 민간조사업 도입에 있어 시사 하는바가 크다고 할 수 있는데 이들 내용을 정리해 보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 탐정업무 수행에 따른 타법령과의 문제점 개선이다. 둘째, 탐정업 위반업자의 관리 강화이다. 셋째, 탐정 업무수탁에 따른 비용의 적정화 추진이다. 민간조사업이라는 해당 업무가 보다 사회에 공익적 기능을 할 수 있도록 일본의 이러한 문제점들을 더욱더 보안하고 개선방안을 마련하여 민간조사 산업의 발전과 사회적 순기능의 관점에서 제19대에 국회에서는 반드시 입법발의 할 필요가 있다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2015

Purpose: The repair would require to conserve and improve the building function and performance since built. Each household is responsible for maintaining the public facilities and paying the required cost. Therefore, it needs to get the tool or method to forecast the required cost in the future. Before the repair cost is provided, it needs to catch the repair cost distribution and provide the unit cost for the repair cycle. In this study, it aimed at providing the repair cost unit and analyzing the repair cost distribution in a roof proofing work, elevator work and building painting, which are divided into a fully work and partly change. Results of this study are shown that first, the average repair cost for roof proofing work is provided with $166.59{\times}10^3won/household$ and $1.59{\times}10^3won/m^2$ of a full change, $33.22{\times}10^3won/household$ and $0.33{\times}10^3won/m^2$ for a partly work. In addition, elevator work is $557.45{\times}10^3won/household$ and $5.38{\times}10^3won/m^2$ for a full change, $32.92{\times}10^3won/household$ and $0.56{\times}10^3won/m^2$ for a partly repair. Painting has a $304.48{\times}10^3won/household$ and $2.94{\times}10^3won/m^2$. Second, the distribution pattern of repair unit cost has a weibull-typed distribution which has a long tail to the right.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2017

미디어 환경의 변화 등에 따라 지역방송에 대한 지원방안이 요구되고 있다. 지역방송의 발전을 위한 법적 제도적 측면에서 지역방송발전지원특별법의 시행은 새로운 계기가 되었다. 이러한 측면에서 지역방송발전지원특별법에 대한 성과와 한계를 분석하였다. 연구방법은 문헌연구를 통하여 연구문헌과 관련 법령들을 분석하여 지역방송발전을 위한 법적 제도적 지원방안을 모색하였다. 분석결과 지역방송발전위원회가 실질적인 의결기능과 책임을 가지는 방향으로 법적 제도적 권한강화 방안이 모색되어져야 하며, 운용기금에 대한 독자성을 확보하는 문제와 지역방송발전계획에서 지역방송프로그램 제작 능력과 유통구조를 촉진하는 방안이 모색되고, 지역성을 평가하는 지역성지수에 대한 보다 정교한 방안이 필요하다. 지역방송은 공익성과 공공성, 지역성과 다양성을 확보하는 방향으로 발전되어야 하며 이를 지원하는 제도적 정책적 방안이 모색되어져야 한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.311-321
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• 2013

건강은 인간의 삶에 있어 생계는 물론 사회참여의 중요한 부분이 되는 핵심적 요소이다. 따라서 국가에서는 질병을 치료하고 예방 관리하기 위한 의료보장 및 건강증진 체계를 마련함으로써 국민의 건강한 삶을 보장하려는 노력을 하고 있다. 이러한 노력에도 불구하고 취약계층, 특히 한부모 여성가장에게 건강문제는 빈곤의 원인이자 결과가 되고 있어 민간에서 관심을 갖게 되었다. 이에 본 연구는 민간영역에서 시행되고 있는 한부모 여성가장 건강권 지원사업의 지원대상자들에게 그들의 건강권 지원 사업 참여 경험과 사업 참여에 의한 변화를 심도 있게 고찰하였다. 분석 결과, 건강권 지원사업에 대하여 다음과 같은 의의와 성과를 발견하였다. 한부모 여성가장들은 자녀양육은 물론 생계의 책임자로서 건강을 돌볼 여유가 없기 때문에 건강권 지원 사업을 통해 각박하기만 했던 삶에서 사회적 지지망과 삶의 행운을 얻었다고 생각하였다. 또한 이들은 건강에 대한 막연한 불안을 떨쳐버리고 자신감을 획득함으로써 삶이 적극적으로 변하였고, 가족과의 관계도 개선되었다.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.49-74
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• 2002

This study examines, from an economic perspective, the reasons for introducing a resource taxe system into the Korean off-shore fisheries and the type of charges that can be introduced. Following a review of the charging systems in other advanced fisheries, we consider the types of charging scheme and some implications for the Korean off-shore fishing industry. Charges could be used for recovering part of fisheries management cost from the industry(i.e. administration, enforcement, research, etc). This can be justified on the grounds that the fishing industry is the main beneficiary of management and that it should therefore bear at least part of the cost involved. It is arguable that publicly-funded management is in effect a subsidy to the industry. Using charges to raise revenue in excess of the cost of management would represent the extraction of a public rent from the fishery resource, but the short-run financial consqquences for the industry would be significant. Results from a qualtitative analysis suggest that while any new charge will have a significant financial impact on the industry in the short run, a landings tax would have a lesser impact on fleet structure in the long run. The study also considers the possibility of a capital gains tax on license sales in order to recover some rent from the industry. Despite any short run-financial consequences, making the fishing industry pay for at least some of the cost of management could benefit the industry as a whole if there were more cooperation between industry and managers as a result. It is acknowledged, however, that there could be disputes over the relative management costs of different sectors of the industry. Even though this study makes few specific recommendations about charging the Korean off-shore fishing industry, it does advise that the issue be reviewed on the basis of the entire Korea fisheries. Finally, the study notes that insufficient data are available on the economic performance of the Korean off-shore fishing vessels and it recommands that a comprehensive system for the collection of costs and earnings data be put in place. It also suggests that MOMAF pay much attention to the permit right market and its transactions.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2020

Purpose: The mastoid region is ideal for studying sexual dimorphism due to its anatomical position at the base of the skull. This study aimed to determine sex in the Iranian population based on measurements of the mastoid process using different data mining algorithms. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 190 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images of 105 women and 85 men between the ages of 18 and 70 years. On each CBCT scan, the following 9 landmarks were measured: the distance between the porion and the mastoidale; the mastoid length, height, and width; the distance between the mastoidale and the mastoid incision; the intermastoid distance (IMD); the distance between the lowest point of the mastoid triangle and the most prominent convex surface of the mastoid (MF); the distance between the most prominent convex mastoid point (IMSLD); and the intersecting angle drawn from the most prominent right and left mastoid point (MMCA). Several predictive models were constructed and their accuracy was compared using cross-validation. Results: The results of the t-test revealed a statistically significant difference between the sexes in all variables except MF and MMCA. The random forest model, with an accuracy of 97.0%, had the best performance in predicting sex. The IMSLD and IMD made the largest contributions to predicting sex, while the MMCA variable had the least significant role. Conclusion: These results show the possibility of developing an accurate tool using data mining algorithms for sex determination in the forensic framework.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.37-55
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• 1990

Every country in the world has been trying to expand the basic health right for the peoples as W.H.O has established the goal 'health for AU' by the year of 2000. Related to this goal, our government authority has establish the policy 'the insurance of health for all' into effect from July 198\). Recently hospitalshave been making a ceaseless effort for the plan for the rationalization of its management the academic World is making it a subject of discussion by doing the secure of manpower at a resonable level and the increase of productivity by the manpower. As a result of the efforts the study was established to secure the numbers of nursing manpower at a resonable level and use the unskilled persons at the utilizing field and seek the possible area of their activity for more efficient service through the investigation of ablity of simple nursing activities of regiestered nurses and nurse aides for rational function according to the educational levels and talents. The method of study was established by the registered nurses and nurse and nurse aides(R.N 229, N.A 226) who are working in 15 hospitals with over 200 beds. This surrey was conducted from Mar 29, 1989 to April 8, 1989. The method to test the degree of importance, difficulties, and the abillity of performance of a simple nursing activities was classified into 35 activities on the basis of references on this field. The degree of importance was composed from point l(Not so important) to 5(Very important). the degree of difficulties. was composed as follows; very easy - Point 1 very difficult and complicated - Point 5. and the ability of performance was composed from point 1 to 5. The materials gathered through the survey were analyzed with frequency, mean standard deviation, percentage. t-test, Anova, pearson's coefficient of correlation, stepwise multiple regression. factor analysis, discriminant analysis. The obtained results are summarized as follows: 1. The recognition values of the simple nursing activities of each group of registered nurse and nurse aides show; The degree of importance; 4.04 and 4.26 The degree of difficulties; 2.72 and 2.94 The ability of performance; 2.07 and 2.38 The brief summary shows there are little differences between who two groups the simple nursing activities turned out to be easy and simple work. 2. Regardless of the degree of importance, and difficulties, the ability of performance the important in fluencing of the degree of the simple nursing activities between the registered nurses and nurse aides was the order of educational level, hospital career, working career in wards and ages of the registered nurses and ages and hospital creer of nurse aides. The result was that the simple nursing activities could easily be familiar through the training of their working environment and period of experience. 3. Among the 35 simple nursing activities the items capable of resonable entrusting to the nurse aides are 5 that is helping bed-bathing, 8itz Bath, using bed pan, care while delivering patient, accompaying patient when visitor's check. There wasn't and differences between RN and nurse aides in performing the above 5 items. In anywhere. so we can say obviosuly that this nursing activities should be performed under the nursing system of which chief of nurse are supposed to supervise nurse aides as a possible function to be entrusted. In view of the above mentioned results, therefore, this partial functional job of the simple nursing activities can able be entrusted to the nurse aides through the regular training course. In case of these functional activities could be entrusted under, the responsibility of registered nurse, we can able suggest to for that there are the following advantages: 1.. In the nursing activities-affairs, the qualified guarantee of the nursing services can be kept and increased or promotoed with accommodation of the required nursing service and roles being expanded presently. 2. In the productivity of the hospital manpower, therefore, we have comt to view and consider in favourly that when an automational administration times would be come in the near future time to hospital affairs as a reality, to utilize the existing nures aides is better rather than investing so as to develop the other source manpowers or seek its for the efficient business management in the operational strategy or its policy.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.140-147
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• 2012

인류는 화석연료의 과도한 소비로 인해 심각한 환경문제에 직면하고 있으며 화석연료가 고갈됨에 따라 그 가격이 급등하고 있어 대체에너지에 대한 수요가 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 이에 대한민국을 포함한 각국 정부는 대체에너지의 발전부담률 확대를 위하여 세제 혜택을 비롯한 각종 재정 지원을 제공함으로써 시장규모 확대를 모색하고 있다. 하지만 대체에너지는 그 역사가 짧고 국내의 경우 기술 수준도 상대적으로 뒤쳐져 있어 사업추진 시 다양한 시행착오를 경험하고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 대표적인 대체에너지인 풍력을 대상으로 효율적이고 성공적인 사업추진을 위하여 핵심성공요인(Critical Success Factor, CSF)을 도출하였다. 문헌고찰을 통해 일차적으로 CSF를 도출한 뒤 표적집단면접법을 활용해 이전 단계에서 도출된 CSF의 적정성을 검토하고 몇 가지 요인을 추가해 총 25개의 CSF를 확정하였다. 이 결과에 중요도-성과도 분석(Importance-Performance Analysis, IPA)을 적용하기 위하여 관련 업계 종사자들에게 총 218부의 설문을 수집하였다. IPA를 통해 "프로젝트 금융", "타당성 분석", "정부 전력 매입단가", "발전기 선정" 요인이 우선적으로 관리해야 할 CSF라는 결론을 도출하였다. 마지막으로 네 가지 CSF를 효율적으로 관리하기 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구를 통해 도출된 CSF는 향후 풍력 발전 건설사업에 앞서 전 생애주기 관점에서 사업평가를 위한 도구로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.