• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.43-51
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is analysing the characteristics of interior space aiming for the exterior space in mixed-used development. The range of this study is limited as passage, department store, shoppingmall and Mixed Use Development. The method of this study is as follows. First, analysing the 7 samples of the interior space aiming for the exterior space in MXD through the framework of public character categorized as 5 factors, accessibility, openness, comfort properties, connectivity, convenience in use. Second, drawing a conclusion from the precedent step. The result of this study is as follows. First, the interior space has become bigger with time. And the public character is expanded with having the same structure of the city space. Second, the interior space solves the problem of the exterior space of city but prefers the same factors with the exterior space. Third, the street in the interior space has the characteristics of openness and comfort properties through diversification. And the open space is planned in various parts of the MXD and has the character of accessibility and connectivity.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.321-331
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• 2018

This study examined the life safety factor of residents living in a university village. The results of the study were as follows. First, previous research results and social safety-related research and practical system for a wide range of exterior space, including the driveway of the living space was a relative lack. Based on the survey results, the psychological factors that affect the life safety environment of the living space was found in the exterior space environment. Second, the living safety factors in the exterior space of a one-room residence can be shown by four types, such as occupant monitoring, residential surveillance and area classification, external public space utilization, and pleasant environment maintenance in the architectural planning dimension. Third, the results of research on the exterior space of the university one-room village, and life safety environment of exterior space, such as design of pedestrian street, revealed a very poor resident population and one-room buildings in most areas.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.14 no.4 s.44
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• pp.117-135
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• 2005

This paper is a study of the possibility of experience and expression in the architecture of Louis I. Kahn by focusing on the characters of entrance, court and window/wall of his public buildings. In the course of composition, Kahn defined the entrance, court and window/wall as an connecting elements and elements of boundary. The characters revealed by these elements or rooms give the clue to insight Kahn's thought of relation of interior and exterior space or inner and outer space. Following are the characters of these elements. First, a entrance reveals the fact that inner space separates from outer space by connecting these two space and giving the value to inner space as the entity and totality like outer space. The entrance gives its ontological being to human subjects not by vision but experience and expression which is the essence of commonness, that is, Silence. Kahn made the possibility of activity amplify in this common and silent space. Second, this entrance is connected with wide and huge central space not individual spaces of interior space. This extreme procedure of entering makes human subject feel sublime of intoner space. And the central spaces becomes another exterior or another world in the inner world of architecture by the lights from above and by having the boundary wall which shows same pattern of exterior wall. Third, Kahn regarded a window as the giver of lights not as the medium of vision connecting inner space with outer. He tried to connect interior with exterior through the being and character of the light expressed in the interior. And in his buildings, interior space is connected with exterior by expressing the purpose of building, composition of inner space, structural truth and construction facts through the Form, a pattern of wall, details and ornamental joints. By practicing this thoughts in the real buildings, Kahn tried to gave aura to both the interior space and entity of architecture which is regarded as micro universe like flowers, rocks and human beings.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.30-37
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• 2007

According to the passage of an age, a method which communicates each other between the city and space, and space and a human has changed. Recently, as the city is developing related with the public, the sphere and a territory of activity of a public has been wider in an environment of the city. Therefore, development of night scenery and the rise of a medium of a vision are accompanied with a new material and the high-technology. Innovation of abundant techniques tends to being surface and mass media, and breaks from the architectural aspect of space as mutual expansion of relations between interior and exterior, and making a boundary obscurely. Space design represents peculiarity of non-territorial which modern art, an advertisement, a media and a reflection are integrated as getting over above tendency. As we find out methods which the public can communicate with the space in wider territory, the public and the space can extend mutual relations and the design of modern space is been varying a part as the space which has a context of city and synthetic sociality for the public by avoiding independent objects.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.152-161
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• 2014

Beijing, the capital city of China, has gradually increased its amount of culture space and has also introduced a diverse range of cultural facilities to improve the satisfaction of its citizens lives. In particular are its art museums, which are a symbol of the urban culture and enrich the cultural life of its citizens and are also expected to play a role as a psychological pivot point. However, in comparison with the characteristics of various ethics, local, and the influence on the museums of China, studies which analyze the exterior of the art museums are not sufficient. This is because previous research has focused too heavily on the interior of the art museums. This paper aims to derive distinction through the analysis of the exterior of several art museums and present design factors and application methodology. This research looks at art museums in China and analyzes the current state of the art museums that have been developed based on the culture of Beijing. Through analyzing the case study of five art museums that have been selected in Beijing we can improve our understanding of Chinese culture space and derive distinct design factors. Distinct factors in the exterior of art museums include connection, culture, geographic features, public, and creation. This study is expected to contribute to that exterior of the art museum will be as a contact zone to form a spatial connection and a cultural symbol that can reflect Beijing's unique culture characteristics.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.4 s.51
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• pp.62-69
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• 2005

This study shows the present conditions and the appraisal of Public-Toilet in ammusement park of Kangwon-Do. The areas of Public-Toilets are various from over $30m^2\;to\;230m^2$ and the construction costs are also various. The exterior designs aim at Provincial characteristics, traditional images, or modem minimal styles. The floor plans are usually symmetric forms by rectangular or circular spaces. There are some laws and manuals from related association to regulate Public-Toilet. By appraising with these laws and manuals we can notice that there are many problems to improve in Public-Toilet. As the survey, we can find that the unpreparedness of the cognition equipment about whether someone uses the public-toilet has most frequency in related laws. And by the laws about multipurpose toilet, the insufficiency of the accessing space to the chamber pot has most frequency. By the manual of related association, there are much more indications - for example, the unpreparedness of wind protection room or etiquette bell, so on - than by related laws. For the improvement of the culture In Public-Toilet, we should not only improve the related laws, but also activate the deliberation about the appropriate planning in Public-Toilet.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.21-26
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• 2002

The propose of this study is to suggest objective data to be utilized for a plan and the improvement of open space through the analysis of people's behaviour and satisfaction after the introduction of an opened-fence around offices followed by a plan for wall-afforestation of public institution's. The sites examined are four offices; two of them have opened-walls and the others have traditional enclosure. Analysis of frequency is conducted to understand the actual use according to people's individual peculiarities. Pearson's correlation analysis, t-test, multiple regression analysis are carried out to find out relations of fluents. In the end, the satisfaction is high in public institution satisfaction, entrance, space perception. stability, Landscaped office with opened-fence rather than fence, and the increase in usage of fluent of public institution satisfaction, entrance, space perception. stability, confusion brings about rising of use-satisfaction. Satisfaction with the exterior of building is the most important variable that influences the whole urban open space. Furthermore the influences of the approach and stability having connection with open or not-open fence is major variable affecting satisfaction of use of open space. Whether open or not is important factor on satisfaction of open space of office building. Through this study, we can find that opened fence determines use satisfaction of resting space of outdoor-office. So factors affecting satisfaction must be regarded as important requisite on planning, design, development and management in plan for afforestation of fence at public institution.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.26
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• pp.26-34
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• 2001

The problems with the small exhibition buildings such a small gallery and art center recently constructed did not make the characteristics of the place specifying and did not form a big flow in the line of urban connection. Also it was deficient in the image like a cultural space because of the commercial aspects of the individual buildings. According to this view, this study is to evaluate the exteriors of the small exhibition buildings that the public prefers on the psychological side as a design theory and then, it is to present the direction of desirable form constitution hereafter. In the design of the small exhibition buildings exterior that the public must prefers, the principles and techniques of constitution that operate are the most initiative as follows. As for the principles of unity in the constitution of the small exhibition buildings exterior that the public prefers, Eigen Value is 7.573 and the explanatory force takes 21.637% at the top and it plays a leading role. In the comparison of the appearance, it shows that it is a factor with the largest specific gravity. The next factors were grouped in good order: the balance, ornamental technique, change, shipping technique, rhythm, harmony, symbolic technique, area technique and adding technique. As a result, in the design of the small exhibition buildings exterior, the architects have to constitute the principles of balance, change, rhythm and harmony by most of the unity and the symbolic technique and form technique by most of the ornamental techniques harmoniously and have to give Identity like exhibition buildings.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.11
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• pp.38-44
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• 1997

According to office building design in Korea, building exterior and office automatic systems through introducing IB system have been improved. However, the lower floors of a building are functionally easy to transfer but actually functions as an enterance. Although at takes a large investment by the owner or enterprise, mainly the tenants and neighbors are in a broad sense the actual users. In this point of view, the lobby of an office bulidling which is the connection between the exterior as a public space and the interior as a private area, does not only have the function of an enterance but also has to be an image of the enterprise or the building itself. Therefor the lobby must contain various functions of space.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.6 s.53
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• pp.177-184
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• 2005

The 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa as a regional public culture facility is the place where it is possible to think over the roles and meanings of a museum. The urn of this research is to provide information for exploring a desirable direction of the design of a regional museum by analyzing the architectural meanings and public property of the 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa. In addition, we arranged the totes and meanings of a regional museum and the concept of the public property in architecture. We also analyzed the architectural quality and the expression of the public property in this museum, as well as the value and meaning of a museum through field researches. The results of this research are as follows. First, this museum breaks with the existing stereotyped Idea to be a space open to the citizens. It secures a wide public space and provides the convenience of access and every facility for citizens. Second, the floor plan is divided into the interchanging area for citizens and an exhibition area; the outskirts of the inside of the museum are planned to be used free of charge for an interchanging space of citizens as a public-owned space of citizens. Third, the public-owned space of citizens includes a citizen exhibition hall, an art library, a kids studio and rest space, which ate all designed lot everyone to enjoy freely. Last, the exterior shape of the museum is simple but harmonize with the surroundings. It has an unique shape showing the local identity, and its most special properties are the convenience of access, introduction of a free space inside, and security of a huge space for children and citizens.