• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.531-543
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• 2022

This study aims to examine the mediating effects of ethical leadership and the moderating effects of organizational culture in relation to the impact of public service motivation on innovative behavior by public officials. This research utilizes data from the 2021 Public Employee Perception Survey conducted to public officials by the Korea Institute of Public Administration. Public service motivation had a positive effect on innovative behavior and ethical leadership, while ethical leadership had a positive effect on innovative behavior. In addition, ethical leadership mediated the relationship between public service motivation and innovative behavior. Under organizational culture, hierarchical and innovative cultures exhibited moderating effects. The policy and practical implications of these findings are as follows. First, it is important to build ethical leadership in order to retain the national competitiveness of public officials and encourage innovative behaviors that can adapt to changes at public organizations. Second, the competition rate for public service examinations has fallen recently. This may be interpreted as an unfavorable perception of public service bureaucracy among the MZ generation. Consequently, in line with the changing times, the organizations of public officials must adopt to a future-oriented, innovative culture. Third, it is necessary to explore alternative methods for developing an innovative culture, such as giving greater flexibility and autonomy through transfer of authority to public officials who address the public directly.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to analyze the differences of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, nursing organization culture and intention of separation between national/public and private hospital nurses and thereby, provide for some basic data useful to effective management of nursing human resources and improve the organizational performances. Method: The researcher sampled 464 clinical nurses working for 4 national/public hospitals and the same number of private hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The data collected from the questionnaire survey were statistically processed using the SPSS PC 12.0 program for $X^2$-test, T-test and ANCOVA. Result: 1) There was found no significant difference of job satisfaction scores between national/public hospitals and private hospitals. 2) National/public hospital nurses scored significantly higher than private hospital nurses on the organizational commitment scale. 3) There was no significant difference of nursing organization culture scores between national/public hospitals and private hospitals. 4) In the area of job experience, national/public hospital nurses scored lower than private hospital nurses, but such a difference was not significant. Conclusion: Difference between two groups was significant only in the area of organizational commitment. In terms of sub-areas, the difference between two groups was significant in professionalism conducive to job satisfaction.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.195-201
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• 2010

Globalization, conversions, and OSMU (One Source Multi Use) in modern cultural industry is expanding fast, and global competition is soaring with a changing environment today. In fact, the development of one nation depends on its cultural creativity. Yet, there is an increasing need for a connection between space and culture since globalization homogenizes a nation's unique cultural identity and provides low level of utilization in digital cultural contents in terms of saving, conserving and maintaining data. In order to invigorate the cultural industry, there must be some information that provides public culture contents, which they can be freely searched, displayed, and re-produced. Ultimately, these public culture contents should be able to provide Culture Space. This text discusses how individuals produce the Culture Space, which provides digital information of time and space, from a relationship between culture and space. It also introduces the public Culture Contents service framework in order to provide culture information and combined Culture Contents.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.143-151
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• 2017

This study aims to analyze the design of public libraries which act as anchors in culture-led urban regeneration. They have been built as city's symbols as well as catalysts to revitalize city centers and urban spaces since the 1990s. This study finds that the public libraries play roles in the urban development as cultural icons, multi-functional spaces, and public domain. This study examines the five examples of the libraries and finds their important design qualities as follow. First, public libraries are planned to symbolize local culture and history as cultural icons. The shapes of public libraries are expressed with sculptured cultural icons, while their facades are designed to signify cities' identities and images. Second, public libraries in culture-led urban regeneration have multi-functional spaces which provide diverse activities and experiences to visitors. The libraries often have galleries and theaters for cultural life, cafes and shops for daily uses, educational facilities, as well as public services, parking, and transport systems that connect to urban infrastructure. Third, the public libraries become the anchors of surrounding public spaces and cultural buildings. The libraries have the sequences of approach from entry plazas, transitional zones, and entrances to lobbies. Especially the transitional zones between the libraries and the cities that are covered with giant cantilevers expand the libraries' space and establish attractive urban spaces. Forth, the libraries employ nature and cityscapes in their design. The surfaces and openings of the libraries are adjusted to allow many attractive views to visitors. Fifth, the libraries have big lobby spaces which are the centers of the buildings as well as the public domain. The lobby spaces are designed as in-door spaces like out-doors with vertical and horizontal openness that allow the natural flows of light from ceilings, glass walls and vertical voids.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.469-475
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• 2017

This study explores the characteristics of modern city and public design viewed from the perspective of multiplex culture. This study applied positivist research methods such as relevant literature survey and various theoretical reviews for the study of modern city and culture. The purpose of this study is to discuss the culture and multiplex culture, and explore the relationship between modern city and public design accordingly. As a result, this study analyzed the case of Starfield COEX as a typical complex cultural space in Korea and reinterpreted it as a concept of public design. However, this study has limitations that cannot provide empirical cases to support the theoretical discussion in the concept definition of the complex culture of Korea. So, It will investigate and supplement actual cases through a follow - up study of the study on the multiplex cultural space of modern cities.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.23-32
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• 2014

The main purpose of this Study is to present the means of activation of public culture & arts institutions in the future through analysis of the operational competency of public culture & arts institution. Summary of the results of the analysis of this Study is as follows: Firstly, the variables in the operational competency of the existing public culture & arts institutions are found to be (1)artistic value, (2)convenience and (3)organization management while the performance variable includes (4) operational performance. Secondly, although there is no major difference in the artistic value for each of the public culture & arts institutions, other variables, namely, convenience, organization management and operational performance were found to be different between the institutions. Therefore, it would be necessary to pursue activation of operational performances and industry through differentiation of the contents of the artistic value in order to achieve real progress in the culture and the arts industry in the future.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.525-536
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• 2022

Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) attract considerable interest as useful microorganisms; nevertheless, a generalized culture technique has not been previously reported owing to difficulty in their cultivation. Therefore, a simple culture technique suitable for public use was investigated. Among the PSB tested, the strain Rhodobacter azotoformans EBN-7 was the most suitable for scale-up production because it showed the highest specific growth rate (0.20 h^-1) on basal medium. In scale-up cultivation (500 L), R. azotoformans EBN-7 showed 4.50 × 10¹⁰ colony-forming units mL^-1 (number of viable cells), dry cell weight of 26.8 g/L, and a specific growth rate of 0.15 h^-1. Cultivation using this final culture broth (as seed culture) in a 15 L simple reactor was successful, with maintenance of cell activity evident. For use as seed culture, the maximum allowable preservation period of R. azotoformans EBN-7 at 4℃ was 3 months. When R. azotoformans EBN-7 cultivated in a simple technique was applied to shrimp aquaculture water, NH₄⁺-N was reduced from 0.61 mg/L to 0.24 mg/L (by 60.7%) in 4 days in comparison with the control. Thus, this simple culture technique using R. azotoformans EBN-7 has the potential for a good removal efficiency of NH₄⁺-N, making seed culture easier and suitable for public use.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.145-154
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify and analyze organizational commitment, patient safety culture, and patient safety nursing activities on patient safety in public hospitals. Methods: The data were collected from 190 nurses in 6 public hospitals within the Gyeonggi region and were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 for descriptive statistics and multiple regression. Results: Patient safety nursing activity was positively correlated with the number of participants in patient safety training programs, organizational commitment, and patient safety culture awareness. Patient safety culture awareness was positively correlated with the number of participants in patient safety training programs and organizational commitment. Organizational commitment was positively correlated with age and total work experience. Factors affecting patient safety activities, frequency of patient safety training, and patient safety culture awareness were significant influencing factors with an explanatory power of 30.1%. Conclusion: In order to increase patient safety nursing activities in public hospitals, systematic patient safety training policies are required. In addition, diverse interventions are required to increase organizational commitment.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.283-292
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• 2021

Purpose: In this descriptive study, we aimed to identify factors influencing safe nursing activities of nurses working at public hospitals. Methods: We collected data in March 2021 through an online survey. The subjects were 199 nurses who had worked for at least six months at public hospitals. The self-reported questionnaire consisted of items pertaining to safe nursing activities, perception of patient safety culture, and the general characteristics of the subjects. To examine the differences in the safe nursing activities and perception of patient safety culture by general characteristics, we employed a t-test and ANOVA. We conducted a multiple linear regression analysis to explore the factors affecting safe nursing activities. Results: The mean score for safe nursing activity was 4.59±0.39. Perception of patient safety culture and age group were found to be the main factors affecting the safe nursing activities of nurses working at public hospitals (F=17.24, p<.001, Adj. R²=.40). When the score for perception of patient safety culture increased by 1 point, the score for safe nursing activities increased by 0.58 points. In addition, the score for safe nursing activity in the 40s age group was 0.16 points higher than for those in the 20s age group. Conclusion: Effective management and leadership in public hospitals is needed to improve the culture of patient safety at various levels so as to ensure safe nursing activities.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.46-53
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• 2011

Popular culture in modem society is that research is to understand the lives of the public. Since post-modem ism, in a clear perspective of the rapidly developing modern society, and the appearance of various societies have been drawn. Of the phenomenon is playing a large role in the admission of the public can see this was: strange places for the properties in the popular culture to analyze and find the meaning makes carry through their own perspective. It also dominates the field of spatial design for the public to understand cultural perspectives and positions should be aware of the importance of thinking. The relationship between spatial design and popular culture, modern society has become an essential point is changed popular culture that has more space, the design characteristics of the new changes will affect their position. In this study, playing a large role in the modern of culture properties, spatial design, looking at areas of social and cultural positions that are clearly focused. Therefore, the cultural phenomenon here in the popular culture of the design characteristics of the space, according to the visual design direction of modern society present in the space is presented.