• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.42
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• pp.107-138
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• 2000

Today, the public assistance program in Korea is provided mainly for the livelihood protection beneficiary in urban area. The fact that the urban community-centered program is also applied to the livelihood protection beneficiary in rural area brings about some problems in fitness and effectiveness of resource distribution. The purpose of my study is to present my opinion that the public assistance program for the rural community should be put in practice after being fully distinguished from the urban program for the effective distribution of limited social welfare resources to insure the minimum standard of living and seek the self-support contribution which is the purpose of the public assistance program. The subject for this study were livelihood protection beneficiaries living in both rural and urban area. And the study was carried out in this parts: first, the way of life in them, second, the contents of 6 main public assistance programs being carried out. Total number of the livelihood protection beneficiaries are 279 case: 143 case from 15 Dong in 5 cities, and 136 case from 15 Myun in 5 counties. And the social worker who are performing the public assistance programare consisted of 50 case: 25 case from 5 Dong in 5 cities, and 25 case from 5 Myun in 5 counties. This research reach the result that the differentiate performance of the public assistance program in rural community would be an effective device for self-support to be freed from the vicious circle of poverty.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.459-471
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• 2009

Air Monitoring Network(11 urban stations) is operated to measure ambient air quality in Daegu city. The urban air monitoring stations include 6 in residence area, 3 in industrial area, 1 in commercial area, and 1 in green area. In this study, hourly data (2006. 1. 1~2008. 12. 31) of $PM_{10}$ were measured at 11 urban air monitoring stations. $PM_{10}$ mean concentrations were high in fall and winter because of low wind speed and many haze days. The number of exceeding the daily standard of $PM_{10}$ in industrial area was approximately twice as many as that in residence area. $PM_{10}$ concentrations and visibility were influenced significantly by wind speed. Wind speed and visibility were below 1.8 m/s and 10 km, respectively when $PM_{10}$ concentrations were over $120{\mu}g/m^3$. $PM_{10}$ concentrations were high when haze was observed. The mean concentrations of $PM_{10}$ were $104{\pm}41.3{\mu}g/m^3$, $63{\pm}35.1{\mu}g/m^3$, and $49{\pm}26.9{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively when haze, mist and clear were observed.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.30-37
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• 2015

This study has the purpose to investigate the landscape plans focused on the public sector housing complexes in the Seoul Metropolitan Area in the 2000s. The targeted subjects of this study are 24 districts conducted by the Corporation, and the spatial extent is limited to Seoul metropolitan area. The scope of the research is limited to the public sector, because this sector has been conducted preferentially for public needs rather than the development profit, and has positively reflected the will "pre plan - post development". In view of the study methodologies, this study examined the transition process in Korea housing complex and analyzed the design reports to extract the key planning concepts and planning methods of landscape planning. The main concepts of landscape planning analyzed in this study were urban landscape, natural landscape, streetscape, architectural landscape, axis for viewing, landmark, skyline and landscape by areas. The key planning methods of landscape planning were landmark, which is a point landscape element, axis for viewing and skyline, which are linear landscape elements, landscape by areas which is an area landscape element, and finally complex landscape, walking landscape and nightscape, which are three-dimensional landscape elements.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.19-24
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• 2004

The Necessity of extending the local library become inevitable because of the swift increasing the volume of information and enlarging the accessibility and increasing the requirements approached to the latest information, caused by continuous development of communication techniques. But these requirements have been concentrated at the quantitative growth to some extent such as an unique and mammoth library at an region or some few independent libraries, never to be considered enough for the users' convinience so that these locational conditions impede the utilization of library As to this matter, this is a basic research what's the best selection of arrangement for establishing public libraries in the future according to the planning regional area and this is the purpose to present a standard of planning regional area in consideration with user's easyaccesibility and also the facilities selecting activities of user's character and set up a planning the basic data about facilities arrangement and space scale before unfolding it's own public service activities of public library as the role of the regional and social information center

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.224-233
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• 2010

As urban function has become diversified and complicated, multifunctional complex facilities to satisfy new functional desires are necessary. Since local autonomy started, many facilities previously run and managed by central administrative agencies are now under management of localities, and functionally, the necessity for governments complexes town to satisfy diverse taste of populace such as creating local community becomes imminent. Analyzing characteristics by space composition factor of the public health center, newly built as part of such governments complexes town and understanding required area of each part, this project is to be used as basic material for construction plan of public health center that is equipped with local characters while devising construction of the public health center in the governments complexes town. Research method is to analyze four public health center facilities located in governments complexes town sites built after 2007, among twenty five public health centers in Seoul, by spatial functions. Also, based on statistical documents of usage of public health center facilities, research over spatial compositional factors and area composition has been conducted. As a result, connectivity between local government building located inside the governments complexes town and public health center and that of spatial composition factor by part, area ratio by part and floor type of public health center are comprehended. Connectivity type of public health centers are divided into horizontal and vertical connectivity and it is found that spatial composition of public health center is compartmentalized into low level, mid level and high level, to make access by users easier. Level type is decided as radial, rotational and combined by hallway connecting facilities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.107 no.4
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• pp.436-445
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• 2018

This study aims to find out factors to affect forest area of public sector such as state forest and estimate optimum area of state forest in Korea. This study was carried out with the rate of public forest and public forest per capita as dependent variables and 15 independent variables to the 35 countries in OECD countries using analysis of linear regression. From research, optimum area of the public forests of Korea was estimated from to minimum 2,136,000 hectares to maximum 2,667,000 hectares, based on OECD countries. The public forest areas of Korea were 1,984,000 hectares in 2010. To reach the average level of OECD countries, it is required that public forest areas of Korea are expended from minimum 152,000 hectares to maximum 683,000 hectares. It is hard to expect that enhancing the areas of public forest in Korea through expanding local government owned forest areas. Therefore, it required that state forest areas are expanded by Korea government.

• Korean Journal of Geomatics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.53-57
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• 2004

Due to the traffic congestion and public-oriented transportation policies of Seoul, public transportation is receiving attention and being used increasingly. However, current transport routes configuration is showing unbalanced accessibility throughout the city area creating differences in time, expenses and metal burden of users who travel the same distances. One of the reasons is that transport route planning has been partially empirical and non-quantitative tasks due to lack of relevant methods for assessing the complexity of the transport routes. This paper presents a method to compute the connectivity of public transport system based on the topological structure of the network of transport routes. The main methodological issue starts from the fact that the more transfers take place, the deeper the connectivity becomes making that area evaluated as less advantageous as for public transport accessibility. By computing the connectivity of each bus or subway station with all others in a city, we can quantify the differences in the serviceability of city areas based on the public transportation. This paper is based on the topological interpretation of the routes network and suggests an algorithm that can automate the computation process. The process is illustrated using a simple artificial network data built in a GIS.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.94-103
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• 2008

This study measured technology transfer efficiency for public institutes. The study made use of DEA being one of the non-parametric linear programming to evaluate technology transfer efficiency for public institutes and to measure technology efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. The measurement of the technology transfer efficiency for public institutes was as follows: The cause of the technology transfer inefficiency was affected by pure technical inefficiency more than by scale inefficiency. Public institutes' RTS(Return To Scale) value varied depending upon the features of the organizations than the features of the regions. Public research institutes' RTS value is more effective than universities' RTS value. We compared the RTS group with the RTS of Projected DMU groups. The RTS group had constant returns to scale effect while the RTS of the Projected DMU had increasing returns to scale effect. The technology transfer efficiency of public institutes varied depending upon the features of the organizations and regions : The technology transfer efficiency of public institutes were as follows : public research institutes at the metropolitan area, public research institutes at the local areas, universities at the metropolitan area and universities at the local areas. In other words, the technology transfer efficiency was affected by organizational characteristics more than by regional characteristics at the place where public institutes were located.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.125-132
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is focused on defining the types of spatial configuration of internal functions in city hotels by researching and analyzing city hotels in Korea and Japan. The scope of this study is limited to the period of early 1980's to the end of 1990's and 18 city hotels in Korea and Japan are selected as subject. Researching existing records and analyzing plans, surveys are used as the method of the study. The result of this study is as follow. First, block composition of floor plans that is used for hotel construction could be divided into three types (immanent type-6hotels, combined type-7hotels, adjacent type-4hotels). Second, the result of analysis about the internal functions and structural types of public area in city hotels is as follow. More Korean city hotels are taking concourse type (Korea 77.8%, Japan 55.6%) and hall type (Korea 22.2%, Japan 11.1%) than Japanese city hotels. However, the mixed type (concourse type +hall type) is only used in Japan (Korea 0%, Japan 33.3%). Third, as the result of the comparison of the size of public area between Korea and Japan, Korean hotels (36.70%) have larger space than Japanese hotels only in the service area. public (Korea 33.98% < Japan 34.71%), business (Korea 27.68% Japan 31.41%)and empty (Korea 1.64% < Japan 6.13%) area is taking larger space in Japanese city hotels than Korean.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.16 no.10 s.113
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• pp.791-794
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• 1978

The authors selected socio-geographically different sample areas. The dental caries on the deciduous teeth was observed and evaluated in each sample area. And then, dft rate, dft index, dt rate and ft rate were calculated and compared. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The dft rate of the deciduous teeth was 33.28% in the metropolitan area, 19.78% in city area, 18.21% in town area, 13.48% in field area, 15.26% in coastal area, 22.11% in mountain area, and 20.37% in hot spring area. 2. The dft index of the deciduous teeth was 4.51 in metropolitan area, 2.78 in city area, 2.59 in town area, 1.95 in field area, 2.30 in coastal area, 3.03 in mountain area, and 2.85 in hot spring area. 3. The dt rate of the deciduous teeth was 66.51% in metropolitan area, 95.38% in field area, 98.94% in hot spring area, and 100% in the other areas. 4. The ft rate of the deciduous teeth was 33.48% in metropolitan area, 4.61% in field area, 10.50% in hot spring area, and 0.00% in the other areas. 6. We could not find that the some dental cares for the dental caries on the deciduous teeth of Korean children were supplied in metropolitan area, and the track of dental cares was appreciated in the field area, but no trace was indentified in the coastal, mountain, city, and town areas.