• 인문언어
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.275-294
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• 2001

This article aims to define the nature of proverbs from a polyphonic point of view and examine different readings of the complement involved in the combination of a proverb with a verb of personal opinion. An utterer of a proverb is not himself the author of the proverb. He may well be a 'speaker' of a proverb, but from a polyphonic view point he is not an 'enunciator' of the principle that underlies it. When we say that a speaker of a proverb is not its enunciator, we do not simply mean that he is not the author of the 'content' of the proverb he speaks: we mean that he is not the author of its 'form' either. The fact that a proverb loses its proverbial character when one paraphrases it proves that its form is not at the speaker's disposal. But a single factor cannot be held responsible for what a proverb is. As an indicator of the 'wisdom of the nation,' or vox populi, a proverb is the achievement of the 'collective enunciator.' The polyphony inherent in the proverb pits a particular speaker against a collective enunciator. This collective character of the proverb as a vox populi comes from its character as a phrasal denomination. Given that a proverb reflects a collective judgment and not a personal opinion, how do we interpret the combination of a proverb with a verb of personal opinion such as I think that ...\ulcorner Such a combination gives rise to readings at distinct levels: two types of metalinguistic reading and a reading based on the content of the proverb. The first level of reading, being applicative in nature, can be local or general, depending on the speaker's opinion as to the applicability of the proverb to a situation, particular or general. These applicative readings always involve polyphonic dissociation between the speaker and the enunciator. The second level of reading, which depends on the content of the proverb, is the result of the operation of deproverbialization, which makes the proverb lose its denominative status to preserve only its status as a generic phrase. The proverb, thus deproverbialized, looks like the series 'NP + VP.' For this reading, the speaker of the proverb takes into consideration the possibility of attributing a predicate to a nominal syntagm. Here occurs an identity between the speaker and the enunciator. It is not the case, however, that one can deproverbialize just any proverbs. In approaching to a locally typifying generic phrase, a proverb admits of being deproverbialized by an opinion verb only when its form does not render it difficult, either syntactically or metaphorically, to incorporate that proverb into the relevant combination, and when the proverb intrinsically possesses the traits that meet the conditions for the use of the opinion verb at hand. One can also maintain, based on the notion of deproverbialization, that a proverb expresses a collective judgment, a deproverbialized individual judgment.

• 아동학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.19-36
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• 2007

This study explored proverb comprehension and use in elementary school children by familarity and concreteness of proverbs and children's age, sex, experience of living with grandparents. The 529 fourth and sixth grade participants completed a questionnaire probing knowledge of 16 proverbs; 4 each in four categories(familiar-concrete, familiar-abstract, unfamiliar-concrete, and unfamiliar-abstract). Results showed highest comprehension scores for familiar-concrete proverbs. Sixth graders obtained higher comprehension score than fourth graders in all four proverb categories. There was no difference between grades in frequency of proverb usage. An interaction effect between grade and sex showed that female sixth graders had the highest comprehension score. These results suggest a possibility of relationship between figurative language and cognitive development related to abstract thinking in late school-age children.

• 음성과학
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2008

This study was intended to analyze how well people with right hemisphere damage can understand Korean proverbs. This study used a between-subject design and within-subjects design where all subjects participate in the three experiments for 10 hospitalized patients of whose average age is 66.1 years old and 10 normal adults in the same age range. Experiment 1 was to make up Korean proverb related stories and suggest it in written, Experiment II was to suggest a picture presenting a Korean proverb and the proverb itself directly, and Experiment III was to make up a story related to a Korean proverb and tell it auditory. Five Korea proverbs were used for each experiment; 15 in total. The results were as follows: First, there was a significant difference in understanding of Korean proverbs between normal adults and people with right hemisphere damage. Second, there was no significant difference of understanding between them by stimulating methods to suggest Korean proverbs. Third, people with right hemisphere damage had a tendency to interpret Korean proverbs literally as a total wrong reaction was composed of 55.36%. Considering the above the results, it can be said that people with right hemisphere damage have less understanding of Korean proverbs than normal adults, which is not affected by a way of or a condition of suggesting Korean proverbs in people with RHD, and they are inclined to make literal interpretation of Korean proverbs as they are.

• 복식
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.85-95
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• 2004

The Purpose of this study was to find a phase of clothing in Korean proverb. The results of the analysis of this research was as follows： In the case of headgear, was expose that symbolize handsomeness, conduct of life, personality that display charm and position which is not usage as only head protection. Upper wear was expressing aspect and person's similarity, and was symbolizing conduct of life by meaning of dress and its ornaments according to a person that dress displays that change. Trousers(bottom wear) was expose that it means aspect or conduct of life(a 4 case, 40％) through site. Overcoat showed that overcoat that is clothes that is symbolizing wearer's situation, aspect and wear most on face because is involved with behavior that is not right in clothes usage is used by standard that foretell personality. Underwear can know that expressed being involved with right behavior, nature by the basic clothes. I was able to know that I express an attitude of a life or a form through shoe, and the accessories won an minor order but that I have a large influence on a character or the appearance of a person. Silk fabrics expresses Position, and hemp cloth expressed by symbol that display ability. Also, silk fabrics had meaning that hint person's background. Dress and its ornaments that is used in proverb by these result can know that have function as symbolic symbol that display Person's nature or situation, aspect that is wearing clothes that is not function as only simple clothes.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제32B권12호
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• pp.1663-1669
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• 1995

This paper is a study on the recognition of Korean proverb using neural network and Markov model. The neural network uses, at the stage of training neurons, features such as the rate of zero crossing, short-term energy and PLP-Cepstrum, covering a time of 300ms long. Markov models were generated by the recognized phoneme strings. The recognition of words and proverbs using Markov models have been carried out. Experimental results show that phoneme and word recognition rates are 81. 2%, 94.0% respectively for Korean proverb recognition experiments.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제44권
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• pp.283-314
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• 2016

이 연구의 목적은 격언을 중심으로 프랑스어 학습 자료의 다양성을 모색하고 학습 효과의 효율성을 높이기 위한 학습 방안을 제시하는데 있다. 이 논문은 두 부분으로 구성되어져 있다. 첫 번째 부분에서는 격언들이 프랑스어의 형태, 통사적 특성을 바탕으로 구성되어 있음을 살펴볼 것이다. 또한 격언을 중심으로 한 프랑스어 학습 활용 방안과 관련한 선행 연구들을 분석함으로써 프랑스어 학습에 활용될 수 있는 가능성에 초점을 맞추었다. 두 번째 부분에서는 학습자들의 프랑스어 능력과 학습 내용의 난이도에 따라 초급 단계와 중급 단계로 구분하여 실제 학습에서 활용할 수 있는 예들을 살펴볼 것이다. 이를 통해 우리는 격언이 문화적인 영역의 요소일 뿐 아니라 프랑스어 학습 능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 효율적인 학습 자료로 활용될 수 있다는 점을 강조하였다. 언어 학습에서 문화적 요소의 중요성은 이미 오래 전부터 강조되어 왔다. 따라서 학습자의 수준과 학습 내용을 고려한 문화적 특성을 지니는 격언의 교육 현장에서의 적용은 교수법의 측면에서 학습의 효율성을 높일 수 있을 것이다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.93-107
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• 1995

This study is concerned with the personal appearance of the Korean people implied in the Korean proverb. The results of this research was as follows: It appeared that the Korean people preferred the balanced features to the unusual ones in terms of personal appearance. It also revealed that cleanliness and neatness in clothing and in personal appearance were valued by the Korean people. Proper posture was emphasized by the Koreans. Generally, fair skin and small hands were favored by both sexes. Also the Korean people favored handsome, gentle, and decent features as well as dignified and noble character.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.5982-5988
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• 2015

본 연구는 주식의 격언이 주식 투자자의 투자 행동에 영향을 미치는 지에 대한 연구로서 주식 시장에서 오랜 시간 사용되어 온 주식 격언을 투자자들이 알고 있는 지를 확인하고, 주식 투자자가 이러한 내용을 실제 투자 과정에 적용 하는지 그리고 그 적용이 투자 성과에 영향을 미치는 지를 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 주식시장에서 활용되고 있고, 주식과련 문헌에 자주 인용되는 투자 원칙, 분산 투자, 종목 선정, 매수 매도 시점 및 주가 동향에 관한 총 29개의 주식 격언을 선정하여 191명의 주식 투자자들에게 설문 조사를 실시하고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 14%의 투자자들이 주식 격언을 적용하여 투자하고 이를 통하여 수익을 창출하는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구 및 결과를 통하여 주식 시장과 주식 투자자들이 분석된 주식 격언 통계를 활용하여 주식 투자에 적용하여 도움 되기를 기대한다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to explore the number and type of proverbs known by elementary school children and explain what variables might influence the proverbs' perception. From Seoul and Chonbuk areas, 632 forth, fifth, and sixth graders at elementary school participated. They completed an open-ended questionnaire asking them to list as many proverbs as they know and probing their experience in the use of proverbs with grandparents, parents, and peers. The results showed that the participants listed a total of 185 proverbs, at an average of six proverbs each, and that 63% were a concrete proverb consisting of only concrete and visible nouns. Children reported relatively different ratios of concrete/abstract/complex proverbs according to their grade. Sixth graders perceived more proverbs which included nouns than other graders. Multiple regression analysis revealed that children's grade and using proverbs with peers influenced their proverb perception. These results may suggest a possibility of relationship between figurative language and cognitive development related to thinking of late school-age children.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.25-38
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• 2021

목적 : 노화 과정에 따른 속담 이해력을 객관적으로 평가할 수 있는 분석방법을 정립하기 위해 속담 이해력 과제 제작 후 평가척도별 차이를 비교하였다. 연구방법 : 만 65세 이상 정상 노인 70명을 대상으로 설명하기 방식을 통한 속담 이해력 과제를 실시하였다. 3점 및 5점 척도의 점수 산정 방식을 설계하고 두 가지 방법으로 각각 분석하여 비교하였다. 두 척도에 따른 난이도와 변별도를 산출하여 최종 문항과 평가척도를 선정하였고, 이 척도상 수행력과 집행기능 간의 상관성에 대해 알아보았다. 결과 : 첫째, 3점 척도보다 5점 척도에서의 문항변별지수가 상대적으로 높게 산출되었고, 최종 10개 문항이 선정되었다. 둘째, 속담 이해력은 70~84세 집단이 65~69세 집단보다 유의하게 낮은 수행력을 보였고, 교육년수가 10년 이상인 집단이 9년 이하 집단에 비해 유의하게 높은 수행력을 보였다. 셋째, 속담 이해력 과제의 수행력은 집행기능 과제의 반응시간과 부적 상관을 보였다. 결론 : 속담 이해력은 일반적인 뇌기능인 좌반구와 우반구의 반구 특성에만 기인하지 않고 일반 노인내에서도 노화과정에 따른 뇌기능의 저하를 변별적으로 보여줄 수 있는 과제이며, 평가 척도의 점수범위가 높을수록 그 차이를 더 효과적으로 평가할 수 있음을 알 수 있다.