Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.22683/tsnr.2021.10.4.025

A Study on the Evaluation Method of Comprehension Task in Proverbs for the Elderly  

Lee, Young-Min (Dept. of Speech & Language Pathology, Graduate School of Rehabilitation, Daegu University)
Kim, Jung-Wan (Dept. of Speech Pathology, Daegu University)
Publication Information
Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation / v.10, no.4, 2021 , pp. 25-38 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective : This study aimed to establish an analytic methodology that can objectively evaluate the proverb comprehension levels that vary based on the aging process. Method : This study recruited 70 normal elderly aged ≥ 65 years and performed proverb comprehension tasks using an explanation method. A scoring estimation method was designed on 3 and 5-point scales. The difficulty and discrimination levels were calculated based on the two scales, thereby selecting the final questions and evaluation scale. Results : First, the item discrimination index on the 5-point scale was relatively higher than that on the 3-point scale, and 10 items were finally selected. Second, in terms of proverb comprehension ability, the elderly group aged 70 ~ 84 years showed significantly lower performance than those aged 65 ~ 69 years. Additionally, subjects with ≥ 10 years of education showed significantly higher performance than those with 9 ≤ years of education. Third, the performance of the proverbs comprehension task negatively correlated with the reaction time of the executive function task. Conclusion : Proverb comprehension is a task that can distinctively show a deterioration of brain functions in line with the aging process even among the normal elderly group and therefore, can estimate the difference more effectively with an increase in the score of the evaluation scale.
Keywords
Ability in proverb comprehension; Elderly; Executive function; Scoring scale;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 김명소, 오동근 (역) (2004). 심리검사: 설계, 분석 및 활용. 서울, 한국: 시그마프레스.
2 Albert, M. S., Wolfe, J., & Lafleche, G. (1990). Differences in abstraction ability with age. Psychology and Aging, 5(1), 94-100. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.5.1.94   DOI
3 Brundage, S. B., & Brookshire, R. H. (1995). A system for scoring proverb interpretations provided by non-brain-damaged and aphasic adults. Clinical Aphasiology, 23, 165-177.
4 Christensen, K. J., Multhaup, K. S., Nordstrom, S., & Voss, K. (1991). A cognitive battery for dementia: Development and measurement characteristics. Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 3(2), 168-174. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.3.2.168   DOI
5 Gorham, D. R. (1956). Use of the proverbs test for differentiating schizophrenics from normals. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 20(6), 435-440. doi:10.1037/h0042949   DOI
6 Moms, J., Heyman, A., Mohs, R., Hughes, J., van Belle, G., Fillenbaum, G., & Clark, C. (1989). The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD). Part I. Clinical and neuropsychological assessment of Alzheimer's disease. Neurology, 39(9), 1159-1165. doi:10.1212/wnl.39.9.1159   DOI
7 Kee, B. S. (1996). A preliminary study for the standardization of geriatric depression scale short form-Korea version. Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association, 35(2), 298-307.
8 Woo, H. L., Kim, H., Kim, J. W. (2015). The utility of proverb interpretation task as a marker of cognitive impairment in mild cognitive impairments. Journal of the Korea Gerontological Society, 35(3), 788-796.
9 Yi, H. S., Kang, Y. W., Na, D. L., Chin, J. H., & Lee, B. H. (2007). Development & validation of Korean version of Trail Making Test for elderly persons. Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders, 6(2), 54-67.
10 Delis, D. C., Kaplan, E., & Kramer, J. (2001). Delis-kaplan executive function system: Examiner's manual. San Antonio, TX, US: The Psychological Corporation.
11 Nippold, M. A., Uhden, L. D., & Schwarz, I. E. (1997). Proverb explanation through the lifespan: A developmental study of adolescents and adults. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 40(2), 245-253. doi:10.1044/jslhr.4002.245   DOI
12 Chapman, S. B., Ulatowska, H. K., Franklin, L. R., Shobe, A. E., Thompson, J. L., & McIntire, D. D. (1997). Proverb interpretation in fluent aphasia and alzheimer's disease: Implications beyond abstract thinking. Aphasiology, 11(4-5), 337-350. doi:10.1080/02687039708248475   DOI
13 Barth, A., & Kufferle, B. (2001). Die entwicklung eines sprichwortests zur erfasung konkretistischer denkstfrungen bei schizophrenen patienten. Nervenarzt, 72, 853-858. doi:10.1007/s001150170019   DOI
14 Ryu, H, J., Park, A. R., Kang, H. S., Kim, H, J., & Han, S. H. (2010). Proverb comprehension in early stage Alzheimer's disease and amnestic-mild cognitive impairment. Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders, 9(1), 1-7.
15 Leontieva, L., Carey, K., Meszaros, Z. S., & Batki, S. L. (2019). Development of a scoring guide for the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) abstract thinking subscale. Clinical Psychiatry, 5(2), 1-4. doi:10.36648/2471-9854.5.2.61   DOI
16 Nippold, M. A., Allen, M. M., & Kirsch, D. I. (2000). How adolescents comprehend unfamiliar proverbs: The role of top-down and bottom-up processes. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 43(3), 621-630. doi:10.1044/jslhr.4303.621.   DOI
17 Nippold, M. A., & Haq, F. S. (1996). Proverb comprehension in youth: The role of concreteness and familiarity. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 39(1), 166-176. doi:10.1044/jshr.3901.166   DOI
18 Oh, S. J. (2001). Development of proverb comprehension in children, adolescents, and adults (Unpublished master's thesis). Ewha Womans University, Seoul.
19 Chan, Y. L., & Marinellie, S. A. (2008). Definition of idioms in preadolescents, adolescents, and adults. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 37, 1-20. doi:10.1007/s10936-007-9056-9   DOI
20 Lee, M. S. (2013). Development and Application of Cognitive-pragmatic language Ability Assessment Protocol for Traumatic Brain Injury (CAPTBI) (Doctoral dissertation). Yonsei University, Seoul.
21 Kircher, T. T., Leube, D. T., Erb, M., Grodd, W., & Rapp, A. M. (2007). Neural correlates of metaphor processing in schizophrenia. Neuroimage, 34(1), 281-289. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.08.044   DOI
22 Allen, J. (1988). Proverb interpretation in a schizotypal population (Mater's thesis). University of Montana, Missoula.
23 Uekermann, J., Thoma, P., & Daum, I. (2008). Proverb interpretation changes in aging. Brain and Cognition, 67(1), 51-57. doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2007.11.003   DOI
24 Federmeier, K. D., Mai, H., & Kutas, M. (2005). Both sides get the point: Hemispheric sensitivities to sentential constraint. Memory & Cognition, 33(5), 871-886. doi:10.3758/bf03193082   DOI
25 Hang, H., & Eggers, R. (1991). Morphometry of the human cortex cerebri and corpus striatum during aging. Neurobiology of Aging, 12(4), 336-338. doi:10.1016/0197-4580(91)90013-a   DOI
26 Kang, Y., Park, J. S., Yu, K. H., & Lee, B. C. (2009). A reliability, validity, and normative study of the Korean-Montreal Cognitive Assessment (K-MoCA) as an instrument for screening of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 28(2), 549-562. doi:10.15842/kjcp.2009.28.2.013   DOI
27 Kim, H., & Kim, Y. S. (2015). Memory functions of Koreans: Their relationships with age, education and gender. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 34(1), 125-145. doi:10.15842/kjcp.2015.34.1.007   DOI
28 Abrahamsen, E. P., & Burke-Williams, D. (2004). Comprehension of idioms by children with learning disabilities: Metaphoric transparency and syntactic frozenness. Journal of Psychlinguistic Research, 33(3), 203-215. doi:10.1023/b:jopr.0000027962.42590.60   DOI
29 Ahmed, F. S., & Miller, L. S. (2015). Adequate proverb interpretation is associated with performance on the independent living scales. Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, 22(3), 376-387. doi:10.1080/13825585.2014.952613   DOI
30 Ardila, A., & Rosselli, M. (1996). Spontaneous language production and aging: Sex and educational effects. International Journal of Neuroscience, 87(1), 71-78. doi:10.3109/00207459608990754   DOI
31 Brucki, S. M. D. & Rocha, M. S. G. (2004). Category fluency test: Effects of age, gender and education on total scores, clustering and switching in Brazilian Portuguese-speaking subjects. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 7(12), 1771-1777. doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2004001200002   DOI
32 Waters, G., & Caplan, D. (2005). The relationship between age, processing speed, working memory capacity, and language comprehension. Memory, 13(3-4), 403-413. doi:10.1080/09658210344000459   DOI
33 Park, J. H., & Lim, J. (2011). The developmental change of proverb comprehension with and without context. Communication Sciences & Disorders, 16(4), 559-569.
34 Park, J. O. (2012). Comprehension of proverbs depending on familiarity of children with ADHD (Master's thesis). Dankook University, Yongin.
35 Thoma, P., Hennecke, M., Mandok, T., Wahner, A., Brune, M., Juckel, G., & Daum, I. (2009). Proverb comprehension impairments in schizophrenia are related to executive dysfunction. Psychiatry Research, 170(2-3), 132-139. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2009.01.026   DOI
36 Nippold, M. A., Martin, S. A., & Erskine, B. J. (1988). Proverb comprehension in context: A developmentalstudy with children and adolescents. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 31(1), 19-28. doi:10.1044/jshr.3101.19   DOI
37 Ashendorf, L., Jefferson, A. L., O' Connor, M. K., Chaisson, C., Green, R. C., & Stern, R. A. (2008). Trail Making Test errors in normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 23(2), 129-137. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2007.11.005   DOI
38 Park, S. O., & Kim, J. W. (2019). Semantic knowledge structure of normal elderly in concrete words definition. Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 23(1), 89-103. doi:10.16884/jrr.2019.23.1.89   DOI
39 Tisserand, D. J., & Jolles, J. (2003). On the involvement of prefrontal networks in cognitive ageing. Cortex, 39(4-5), 1107-1128. doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70880-3   DOI
40 Winner, E., & Gardner, H. (1977). The comprehension of metaphor in brain damaged patients. Brain, 100(4), 717-729. doi:10.1093/brain/100.4.717   DOI
41 Papagno, C., & Caporali, A. (2007). Testing idiom comprehension in aphasic patients: The effects of task and idiom type. Brain and Language, 100(2), 208-220. doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2006.01.002   DOI
42 Lauro, L. J. R., Tettamanti, M., Cappa, S. F., & Papagno, C. (2008). Idiom comprehension: A prefrontal task? Cerebral Cortex, 18(1), 162-170. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhm042   DOI