• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.5 no.11
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• pp.385-392
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• 2016

Recently, Expectation Area-based Real-time Routing (EAR2) protocol has been proposed to support real-time routing in wireless sensor networks. EAR2 considers the expectation area of a mobile sink and uses flooding within the expectation area. However, flooding leads to excessive energy consumption and causes long delay against real-time routing. Moreover, since EAR2 uses single path to the expectation area, it is difficult to support reliable routing in sensor networks with high link failures. Thus, to overcome these limitation of EAR2, this paper proposes a reliable and real-time routing protocol based on virtual grids and multipath for mobile sinks. To support real-time routing, the proposed protocol considers expectation grids belonged to the expectation area. Instead of flooding within the expectation area, the proposed protocol uses multicasting to the expectation grids and single hop forwarding in an expectation grid because the multicasting can save much energy and the single hop forwarding can provide short delay. Also, the proposed protocol uses multipath to the expectation grids to deal with link failures for supporting reliable routing. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol is superior to the existing protocols.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.46-55
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• 2020

Ad Hoc network is a special wireless network, mainly because the nodes are no control center, the topology is flexible, and the networking could be established quickly, which results the transmission stability is lower than other types of networks. In order to guarantee the transmission of data packets in the network effectively, an improved Queue Ad Hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing protocol (Q-AODV) for node detection by using blockchain technology is proposed. In the route search process. Firstly, according to the node's daily communication record the cluster is formed by the source node using the smart contract and gradually extends to the path detection. Then the best optional path nodes are chained in the form of Merkle tree. Finally, the best path is chosen on the blockchain. Simulation experiments show that the stability of Q-AODV protocol is higher than the AODV protocol or the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-42
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• 2011

Wireless sensor networks are composed of a large number of sensor nodes with limited energy resources. One critical issue in wireless sensor networks is how to gather sensed information in an energy efficient way, since their energy is limited. The clustering algorithm is a technique used to reduce energy consumption. It can improve the scalability and lifetime of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we introduce a clustering protocol with mode selection (CPMS) for wireless sensor networks. Our scheme improves the performance of BCDCP (Base Station Controlled Dynamic Clustering Protocol) and BIDRP (Base Station Initiated Dynamic Routing Protocol) routing protocol. In CPMS, the base station constructs clusters and makes the head node with the highest residual energy send data to the base station. Furthermore, we can save the energy of head nodes by using the modes selection method. The simulation results show that CPMS achieves longer lifetime and more data message transmissions than current important clustering protocols in wireless sensor networks.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.542-558
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• 2016

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are self-configuring networks where the nodes are vehicles equipped with wireless communication technologies. In such networks, limitation of signal coverage and fast topology changes impose difficulties to the proper functioning of the routing protocols. Traditional Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) routing protocols lose their performance, when communicating between vehicles, compromising information exchange. Obviously, most applications critically rely on routing protocols. Thus, in this work, we propose a methodology for investigating the performance of well-established protocols for MANETs in the VANET arena and, at the same time, we introduce a routing protocol, called Genetic Network Protocol (G-NET). It is based in part on Dynamic Source Routing Protocol (DSR) and on the use of Genetic Algorithms (GAs) for maintenance and route optimization. As G-NET update routes periodically, this work investigates its performance compared to DSR and Ad Hoc on demand Distance Vector (AODV). For more realistic simulation of vehicle movement in urban environments, an analysis was performed by using the VanetMobiSim mobility generator and the Network Simulator (NS-3). Experiments were conducted with different number of vehicles and the results show that, despite the increased routing overhead with respect to DSR, G-NET is better than AODV and provides comparable data delivery rate to the other protocols in the analyzed scenarios.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.209-213
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose more efficient implementation architecture for realizing combination of heterogeneous routing protocols in wireless mesh routes. For realizing heterogeneous routing protocol in wireless mesh router, the following should be considered; which position in OS platform protocols should be implemented, how to define the common API for multiple routing protocols, how to provide architecture for providing high data transfer throughput and for supporting multi platform, and finally how to verify the throughput of protocol by using simulator. For solving those consideration, we propose HRPC(Heterogeneous Routing Protocol Coordinator) and describe the method for testing the protocols.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.205-206
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• 2006

In this paper, we have proposed an ad-hoc routing protocol named "RRMR (Reliable and Resilient Multipath Routing)" that is expanded from AODV to acquire multiple path at one time. This protocol needs less overhead to configure data routing paths and the paths are maintained to transmit data stably. To get these advantages, RRMR protocol is constructed by expanding from multipath acquiring and maintaining method based on distance vector method and hop-by-hop routing of AODV.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.8B
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• pp.996-1002
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• 2011

Recently Korea Army are developing the TICN(Tactical Information Communication Network) which is the next army tactical communication system. The TICN tactical backbone's ability is very important. So analysis of the standard protocol for the data transmission guarantee are obliged. For the TICN tactical backbone, previous paper analysed routing protocol efficiency index and compared to superiority of the OSPF and IS-IS protocols in the tactical environment. Conclusively IS-IS protocol was more suitable for TICN backbone routing protocol. As follow-up study of previous paper, this paper try to find the proper parameters of IS-IS protocol in order to improve the performance of IS-IS protocol as a TICN tactical backbone protocol under the tactical environments. Finally it selected four time-parameters of IS-IS protocol, those can improve performance of the protocol.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.5 no.1 s.8
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• pp.67-74
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• 2001

In this paper, we propose a new method to improve tile processing of route recovery of the existing DSR algorithm on detection of route error. In mobile ad hoc networks, mobile nodes themselves have routing capability. Thus, a well-defined routing protocol is required for route set-up between two mobile nodes. However, the existing DSR routing protocol has problem with dropping of packets due to the recovery delay when a route error occurs. In order to alleviate tile problem, we propose an enhanced DSR protocol to reduce the route error recovery tine and evaluate the protocol through simulation. As tile result of evaluation, we found the proposed DSR protocol provided about 4 to 30 times faster route error recovery time according to the test scenario than the existing DSR protocol.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.3064-3094
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• 2018

Currently, the Underwater Sensor Networks (UWSNs) is mainly an interesting area due to its ability to provide a technology to gather many valuable data from underwater environment such as tsunami monitoring sensor, military tactical application, environmental monitoring and many more. However, UWSNs is suffering from limited energy, high packet loss and the use of acoustic communication. In UWSNs most of the energy consumption is used during the forwarding of packet data from the source to the destination. Therefore, many researchers are eager to design energy efficient routing protocol to minimize energy consumption in UWSNs. As the opportunistic routing (OR) is the most promising method to be used in UWSNs, this paper focuses on the existing proposed energy efficient OR protocol in UWSNs. This paper reviews the existing proposed energy efficient OR protocol, classifying them into 3 categories namely sender-side-based, receiver-side-based and hybrid. Furthermore each of the protocols is reviewed in detail, and its advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Finally, we discuss potential future work research directions in UWSNs, especially for energy efficient OR protocol design.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.406-416
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• 1995

This paper is concerned with a routing protocol for cost-effective communications between mobile hosts on computer networks in which mobile hosts can move freely their physical positions. The proposed routing protocol consists of two protocols : one is called location registration protocol performing registration of the location information as the mobile host does move; the other one is called message transfer protocol which actually delivers a message to the destination mobile host. The detailed protocol's operational behavior and major characteristics are presented. And it is shown that our protocols are superior to previous ones, in terms of the communication cost(i.e, number of messages) required for routing a message, and are functionally improved ones.