• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.193-196
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• 1987

Protein methylation occurs ubiquitously in nature and involves N-methylation of lysine, arginine, histidine, alanine, proline and glutamine, O-methylesterfication o dicarboxylic acids, and S-methylation of cysteine and methionine. In nature, methylated amino acids accur in highly specialized proteins such as histones, flagella proteins, myosin, actin, ribosomal proteins. hn RNA-bound protein, HMG-1 and HMG-2 protein, opsin, EF-Tu, EF-$1\alpha$, porcine heart citrate synthase, calmodulin, ferredoxin, $1\alpha$-amylase, heat shock protein, scleroderma antigen, nucleolar protein C23 and IF-3l.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.509-516
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• 2009

메주로부터 곰팡이 및 세균 등에 생육 저해활성을 나타내는 균주 B. polyfermenticus CJ6을 분리 동정하였다. 분리 균주 B. polyfermenticus CJ6는 2단 대수기를 나타내는 생육 곡선상 특이점을 나타내었으며 배양 30시간 이후부터 최대 활성을 나타내었고 사멸기 이후 활성이 다소 감소되었으나 120시간까지 활성을 유지하였다. B. polyfermenticus CJ6의 항진균 활성 물질은 $70^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 활성이 감소되었으나 $121^{\circ}C$에서 15분간 열처리 시 역가가 완전히 소실되지 않았다. pH 안정성 실험에서는 pH $3.0{\sim}9.0$ 구간에서 안정한 활성을 나타내었으며, 각종 효소에 대한 영향에서 항진균 활성물질은 proteinase K, protease, ${\alpha}$-chymotrypsin 등의 단백분해효소 처리로 역가를 상실하거나 일부 감소되어 단백질성 물질임을 추정하였다. 균주의 항진균 활성 물질을 $C_{18}$ Sep-Pak column으로 부분 정제한 후 Tricine-SDS-PAGE 및 direct detection 실험을 통하여 분자량이 약 1.4 kDa의 물질임을 확인하였다. B. polyfermenticus CJ6가 생산하는 항진균 활성 물질은 기존에 거의 보고되지 않은 B. polyfermenticus 유래의 단백질성 항진균 활성 물질로서 천연보존제 및 천연항균제재로 사용이 기대되며, 이를 위하여 항진균 활성 물질들의 정제 및 구조분석 등의 연구가 필요하다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.1053-1059
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• 2006

The effectiveness of a proteinaceous fibrous material formed during commercial fermentation of soy protein (PFSP) and cysteine addition were evaluated in order to improve on the properties of soy protein-based films. Nine types of films were prepared at pH 7, 9, and 11, with heat treatments at $70^{\circ}C\;and\;90^{\circ}C$ for 30 min, by casting 5% (w/w) PFSP aqueous solution, containing 2.25% (w/w) glycerol, on to polystyrene plates. The tensile strength (TS) of films ranged from 3.88 to 6.87 MPa. The highest puncture strength (PS) was observed with pH 7.0 films prepared from PFSP solution heated at $70^{\circ}C$ (P<0.05). Alkaline pH and temperature caused a decrease in both the TS and PS of the films. The thickness of films ranged from $58\;to\;74{\mu}m$. Water vapor permeabilities of the films decreased with increasing pH and temperature. To produce films from PFSP, pH value of 7.0 to 9.0 and heat treatment of $70^{\circ}C\;to\;90^{\circ}C$ were needed. A soluble nature of PFSP films in water might be useful for preparation of hot water-soluble pouches. Cysteine addition could be necessary to produce films with increased TS and enhanced barrier properties. The combination treatment that provided the best combination of barrier and mechanical properties was the PFSP film prepared at pH 7.0 with addition of 1% cysteine. The films were good oxygen barriers.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.461-467
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• 1996

Four strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), that lower the pH of sausage $\leq$ 4.2 within 24 h of incubation at $37^{\circ}C$, were screened from 57 bacteriocin producing LAB which were isolated from kajamie shikhae and natural fermented sausages. The proteinaceous nature of the bacteriocin was confirmed by losing antimicrobial activity after pronase treatment. Inhibitory activity against pathogens, times of bacteriocin production and sensory tests were compared between 4 isolates and 3 commercial starters. Especially, strain NFS #8-1, screened from natural fermented sausage and identified as Pediococcus acidilactici, antagonized a large number of foodborne pathogens including Listeria monocytogenes, Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. Production of bacteriocin by strain NFS #8-1 was early in the growth phase (mid log phase) and its sensory acceptance was high. The feasibility of using strain NFS #8-1 as a starter for the production of microbiologically safe fermented sausage is envisaged.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2008

A bacterium strain called Bacillus coagulans was isolated from an industrial wastewater drainage and selected for its antimicrobial activities against bacteria and fungi. Characterization studies strongly suggested that this strain is Bacillus coagulans. Antimicrobial activity was found against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and yeast strain. Maximal activity was observed after 24 h when incubated at $30^{\circ}C$ and pH 8. The activity was found to be stable at $75^{\circ}C$ for 30 min and at pH range of 2-12. Analysis of the antimicrobial compound by SDS-PAGE suggested a molecular mass of approximately 7.5 KDa. The substance was characterized as a bacteriocin, because of its proteinaceous nature and low molecular weight. Our bacteriocin could potentially be used as a food preservative, because of its thermostable property and broad antimicrobial spectrum.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.164-171
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• 2021

Listeria monocytogenes is a representative foodborne pathogen and causes listeriosis. Enterococcus faecium CJNU 2524 was confirmed to produce a bacteriocin with anti-listerial activity. To establish optimal culture conditions for the production of the bacteriocin from E. faecium CJNU 2524, different media (MRS and BHI broth) and temperatures (25℃, 30℃, and 37℃) were investigated. The results showed that the optimal culture conditions were MRS broth and 25℃ or 30℃ temperatures. The crude bacteriocin was stable in a broad range of pH conditions (2.0-10.0), temperatures (60℃-100℃), and organic solvents (methanol, ethanol, acetone, acetonitrile, and chloroform). The bacteriocin activity was abolished when treated with protease but not α-amylase or lipase, indicating the proteinaceous nature of the bacteriocin. Finally, the bacteriocin showed a bactericidal mode of action against L. monocytogenes. Therefore, it can be a biopreservative candidate for controlling L. monocytogenes in dairy and meat products.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.229-234
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• 2011

식물세포 핵 내에 형성되는 여러 형태의 함유구조 특성 및 발달양상을 다양한 식물에서 조사하여 비교 논의하였다. 이들은 원시적인 양치식물에서부터 고도로 분화한 현화식물에 이르기까지 많은 식물군에서 발달하나, 종간에는 계통적학인 유연관계 없이 각각 독립적으로 나타난다. 핵 내 함유구조는 내부 미세구조 특징에 따라 부정형(amorphous), 결정형(crystalline), 섬유상(fibrillar), 판상 (lamellar), 미세관상 (tubular)의 5~6 유형으로 구분된다. 가장 흔한 유형은 결정형으로 수 마이크론에 이르는 비교적 커다란 구조를 이루며, 내부구조 간 격자거리는 약 10 nm로 배열되어 있다. 핵 함유구조들은 막으로 둘러싸이지 않고 막과는 무관하게 발달하며, 핵 기질 내 인과의 구조적, 기능적 연계성이 강하게 추정되고 있다. 핵 결정체 및 미세구조 형성에 대한 연구는 이들의 구조와 기능에 대하여 새로운 정보를 제공하나, 핵 결정체에 대한 3차원적 입체구조 분석과 이들 구조를 핵에서 분리시켜 연구할 분자생물학적, 생화학적인 실험법들이 요구되고 있다. 특히, 핵 결정의 3-D 입체구조를 재구현할 수 있는 HVEM 고압전자현미경 및 tomography에 의한 연속절편 연구는 이들 구조에 대한 심도 있는 정보를 제공할 것이다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 식물세포 내 핵에 발달하는 함유구조에 대하여 연구된 구조 및 기능 등을 연계하여 그 중요성을 종합적으로 논의하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.423-428
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• 2000

Bacteriocins are classified as proteins which are produced by heterogeneous groups of bacteria, having and antimicrobial effect of the closely related organisms. Recently, bacteriocins derived from lactic acid bacteria and other food-related organisms have been the subject of much research on potential food biopreservatives. The goal of this study was to screen and characterize the bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria from Jeot-gal(commercial fermented fish foods). All bacteriocinogenic isolates were identified as lactic acid bacteria. Isolates NK24, NK34, and SA72 were tentatively identified as Lactobacillus brevis, according to the API 50 CHL kit database. All antimicrobial substances produced from four lactic acid bacteria isolates completely lost their antibacterial activity after being treated with some proteases, indicating to their proteinaceous nature. The bacteriocin produced from isolates NK24, NK34, and SA72 showed a broad spectrum of activity when compared to those produced from isolate SA131. All bacteriocins isolated during the course of this study showed a bactericidal mode of inhibition.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.577-584
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• 2001

An antimicrobially active bacterium which was identified as Bacillus brevis, was isolated from kimchi. The antimicrobial activity was found against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including some pathogens food-spoilage microorganisms, and some yeast strains. The antimicrobial activity was especially strong against Bacillus anthracis and Shigella dysenteriae. The strong activity was observed during an early stationary phase in the culture when incubated at $37^{\circ}C$ with initial medium pH of 6.8. The antimicrobial activity was found to be stable at $90^{\circ}C$ for 30 min and in the pH range of 3-11, and it was insensitive to organic solvents including acetone, acetonitrile, ethanol, and methanol. Analysis of the bacterocin on tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel suggested a molecular mass of approximately 4.5-6.0 kDa. The antimicrobial substance was characterized as a bacteriocin, because of its proteinaceous nature and low molecular weight. The bacteriocin could potentially be used as a food preservative, because of its thermostable property and broad antimicrobial spectrum.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.56-59
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• 2004

Development of an invasive squamous cell carcinoma within a branchial cleft cyst (branchiogenic carcinoma) is very rare and this case is the first description of cytologic findings in Korea. A 62-year-old man presented with a 5-month history of an enlarged right neck mass. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the mass showed low cellularity and the background containing proteinaceous debris, inflammatory cells, and histiocytes suggested a cystic nature. Abundant lymphocytes, a few anucleated squames, and rare atypical squamous cells with pyknotic nuclei and abnormal keratinization were also noted. After excision of the mass, histologic findings were consistent with a branchiogenic carcinoma. We recommend to raise the possibility of carcinoma (primary or metastatic) when we observe a few dyskeratotic cells in a cystic mass within the neck area, especially in an old male.