• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.554-559
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• 2004

The objective of the present study was to investigate the accuracy of mastitis diagnostic indicators for different dairy goat breeds. Biweekly milk samples were collected from individual half mammary gland of seven Saanen and seven Alpine dairy goats in the period of 40 to 120 days in milk. With threshold value set at 2.8 and 3.1 for Alpine and Saanen dairy goats, respectively, log (SPC) offered good sensitivity (0.89, 0.93), specificity (0.88, 0.95), positive predictive value (0.75, 0.85) and negative predictive value (0.95, 0.98) as a mastitis diagnostic tool. The correlations of log (SPC) with milk yield, log (SCC), ALP, LDH, $Na^{+}$, $K^{+}$ and EC were significant in Saanen dairy goats (p<0.05), with the highest correlation coefficient (0.653) existing between log (SPC) and log (SCC). The correlations of log (SPC) with milk yield, milk fat, milk protein, log (SCC), $Na^{+}$, $K^{+}$, EC were significant in Alpine dairy goats (p<0.05), with the highest correlation coefficient (0.416) existing between log (SPC) and log (SCC). There were different best-fit regression equations with different multiple diagnostic indicators for Saanen and Alpine dairy goats. In conclusion, different breeds of dairy goats may have to adapt different mastitis diagnostic parameters for a better diagnosis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2004

The immunomodulating activities and chemical characteristics of a water-soluble exopolymer from submerged mycelial culture of Phellinus pini were studied. Anticomplementary activity of this polymer was found to be $73.2\%$, and its activation system occurred through both classical and alternative pathways, where the classical pathway was detected to be the major one by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. Nitric oxide (NO) release ability and acid phosphatase activity of macrophage were increased by 1.6-fold ($100{\mu}g/ml$) and 3.4-fold ($500{\mu}g/ml$), respectively, and splenocyte proliferation in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) was also increased by 2.6-fold ($200{\mu}g/ml$), compared to the control. The molecular weight of this polymer, determined by HPLC, was under 5 kDa. Total sugar and protein contents were 89.7 and 10.3%, respectively. Both sugar and amino acid compositions of the exopolymer were also analyzed.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.249-253
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• 2007

Thirteen edible plants previously reported to show inhibitory activities on farnesyl protein transferase (FPTase) and phosphatase of the regenerating liver-3 (PRL-3) were evaluated for inhibitory activity on the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Four plant extracts, Oenothera erythrosepala, Perilla frutescens, Panicum miliaceum, and Quercus acutissima, significantly inhibited the proliferation of HUVECs induced by the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) without cytotoxicity at 100 ${\mu}g/mL$. Myristica fragrans, Rosmarinus officinalis, and Syringa patula also showed inhibitory activity on the proliferation with only mild cytotoxicity.

• 생약학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.295-302
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• 2015

Cynanchi wilfordii Radix roots have been utilized as traditional medicine for variety of diseases including diabetes mellitus, aging progression and scavenging free radicals, enhancing immunity, reducing high serum cholesterol, and anti-tumor activity. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect remain poorly understood. The principal objective of this study was to determine the effect of cynandione A on osteoclast cells. Thus, we was isolated cynandione A from Cynanchi wilfordii Radix roots and evaluated the effect of cynandione A on receptor activator of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. We found that cynandione A significantly inhibited osteoclast differentiation stimulated-RANKL in RAW 264.7 cells. Cynandione A conspicuously inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in cynandione A treated with RANKL. Taken together, our results demonstrated that Cynanchi Wilfordii Radix may be useful treatment option of bone-related disease such as osteoporosis leads to fracture of bone and rheumatoid arthritis.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.934-941
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the effect of family type on the nutrient intake and nutritional status in elderly women. Blood samples and anthropometric data of elderly women aged from 60 to 78 years were collected in 1996, who visited a health examination center in Seoul to screen their health status. They were divided into two groups by their family type, one was extended family(extended family elderly, n=37) and the other was independently living(independently living, n=29). Nutrients intake was measured by interview using a simplified questionaire. Albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride(TG), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit, Ca, Mg, and alkaline phosphatase activity of serum were analyzed. Intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrate, Fe, vitamin A, niacin, thiamin, riboflavin, and vitamin C were not different between the two groups. However, fat and Ca intakes were higher(p<0.05) in extended family elderly than indepen dently living elderly. There are no significant difference in hematocrit value and serum concentrations of Hb, TG, and Ca. Serum Mg and cholesterol levels tended to be higher in extended family elderly. However, serum albumin level was lower(p<0.05) in extended family elderly. These results show that the indepen dently living elderly women had intakes of daily energy, fat and Ca compared to the extended family elderly. Therefore, the nutritional education for the independently living elderly will be focused on the health risk resulted from less intakes of Ca and total energy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권23호
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• pp.10151-10156
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• 2015

4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) is a stable end product of lipid peroxidation, which has been shown to play an important role in cell signal transduction, while increasing cell growth and differentiation. 4-HNE could inhibit phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) activity in hepatocytes and increased levels have been found in human invasive breast cancer. Here we report that 4-HNE increased the cell growth of breast cancer cells as revealed by colony formation assay. Moreover, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was elevated, while protein levels of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-$1{\alpha}$) were up-regulated. Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), a major mitochondria NAD+-dependent deacetylase, is reported to destabilize HIF-$1{\alpha}$. Here, 4-HNE could inhibit the deacetylase activity of SIRT3 by thiol-specific modification. We further demonstrated that the regulation by 4-HNE of levels of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ and VEGF depends on SIRT3. Consistent with this, 4-HNE could not increase the cell growth in SIRT3 knockdown breast cancer cells. Additionally, 4-HNE promoted angiogenesis and invasion of breast cancer cells in a SIRT3-dependent manner. In conclusion, we propose that 4-HNE promotes growth, invasion and angiogenesis of breast cancer cells through the SIRT3-HIF-$1{\alpha}$-VEGF axis.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.77-81
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• 1998

목적 : 제Ia형 당원병 (Type Ia Glycogen storage disease)은 Glucose-6-phosphathase 결핍으로 간, 신장, 장 (intestine)에 글리코겐이 축적되는 대사성 질환으로 상염색체 열성으로 유전되는 매우 드문 질환이다. 1929년 von Gierke에 의해 처음으로 보고된 이래, 현재 외국에서는 prenatal molecular diagnosis까지 가능하고 국내에서는 1972년 서등이 최초로 보고하였으며, 그 이후 임상양상 및 조직생검소견으로 진단된 예가 십여례 있었고, 1990년 김 등이 간조직내에 결핍된 효소를 검사하여 4례를 보고하였다. 이에 연자들은 임상소견, 간 및 신장 조직생검, 그리고 간조직내에서의 Glucose-6-phosphatase 효소의 결핍을 확인하여 von Gierke disease로 확진된 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 증례 : 환아는 18년 7개월된 남아로 출생시부터 복부 팽만을 보여 2세경 본원에 내원하여 복부초음파 및 동위원소 촬영상 간의 혈관종 진단받고, 추적 관찰없이 지내다가 13세때 신장이 135cm으로 3 percentile 미만의 저신장을 주소로 내원하여, 혈액검사상, SGOT/PT는 51/44 IU/L로 약간 증가되어 있으며, 복부 초음파상 간종대는 지속적으로 보였으나, 그외 특이소견은 없었다. 가족성 저신장으로 진단후 2년6개월간 성장호르몬 치료받으며 외래 추적관찰중 내원 5개월전 고혈압, 단백뇨, 고지혈증 및 elevated SGOT/PT를 주소로 정밀검사위해 입원하였다. 내원당시 키는 159 cm(<3 percentile),몸무게는 54 kg(10-25 percentile)이었고 혈압은 160/110 mmHg(>95 percentile)로 고혈압 소견보였다. 금번 입원시 말초혈액검사, 전해질 검사 및 혈당은 모두 정상이었고, SGOT/PT가 51/60 IU/L 약간 증가 되었고, 혈중 콜레스테롤치는 307 mg/dL, 요산이 9.2 mg/dL로 증가된 것 외에는 특이소견 업었다. 24시간 소변검사상 단백은 1.3gm, 크레아티닌 1028 mg, Ccr $114ml/min/1.73m^2$ 이였다. 복부 초음파와 CT scan상 간에 다발성 선종이 보였고, 상기 임상소견상 당원병 의심되어 신장과 간의 생검을 시행화여 간과 신장에서 모두 글리코겐의 축적을 관찰할 수 있었고, 선종부위의 생검에서도 선종으로 확인되었으며 악성변화는 없었다. 간조직을 이용한 효소검사상 Glucose-6-phosphatase에 대한 정량검사상 0.847 nM/min/mg protein으로 상당히 저하되어 있었다. 위, 소장 내시경 검사도 시행하여 조직검사까지 시행하였으나 글리코겐의 침착을 볼 수 없었다. 환아는 현재 고혈압 치료제 및 Allopurionol과 식이조절하며 외래에서 추적 관찰 중이다. 결 론 : 저자들은 임상증세, 간과 신장의 조직생검, 그리고 간 조직의 Glucose-6-phosphatase효소 검사를 시행하여 제Ia형 당원병으로 확진된 1례를 보고하는 바이다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2001

Objective: This study was to establish the human embryonic stem (ES) cells derived from frozen-thawed blastocyst stage embryo that were destined to be discarded after five years in routine human IVF-ET program. Methods: Frozen-thawed and survived human blastocysts were treated by immunosurgery, and recovered ICM cells were cultured onto STO feeder cell layer and ICM colony was subcultured by mechanical dissociation into clumps. To identify ES cell, alkaline phosphatase staining and expression of Oct4 in replated ICM colonies were examined. Also, to examine the possibility of ES cell differentiation, retinoic acid (RA), basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF), nerve growth factor (NGF) were added in culture medium. In addition, to classify the specific cell type, differentiated cells were stained by indirect immunocytochemistry. Results: One ICM colony recovered from frozen-thawed six blastocysts was subcultured, continuously replated during 40 passage culture duration without differentiation. Subcultured colonies were strong positively stained by alkaline phophatase. When the expression of Oct4 in cultured ES colony was examined, Oct4b type is more clearly indicated than Oct4a one although there was not detected in embryoid body or differentiated cells. In differentiated cardiomyocytes from ES colony, cells were beaten regularly (60 times/min). In differentiated neural cells from ES colony, neurofilament (NF) 200 kDa protein, microtubule associated protein (MAP) 2 and ${\beta}$-tubulin of specific marker in neurons, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) of specific marker in astrocytes and galactocelebrocide (GalC) of specific marker in oligodendrocytes were confirmed by indirect immunocytochemistry. Also, muscle cells were detected by indirect immunocytochemistry. In addition, ES colonies can be successfully cryopreserved. Conclusion: This study suggested that establishment of human ES cells can be successfully derived from frozen-thawed blastocysts that were destined to be discarded, and obtained specific cell types (cardiomyocytes, neurons and muscle cells) through the in vitro differentiation procedures of ES cells.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2013

Objectives: Osteoporosis is characterized by bone loss and morbidity with osteoporotic fracture. In this study, the author aimed to evaluate the effect of dried roots of Rehmannia glutinosa extract (RGE) on osteoblast proliferation in murine calvarial cells. Methods: The osteoblast separated from murine calvariae was cultivated for 6 days and evaluated the cell function. After the addition of RGE on the culture medium, we determined the effect of RGE on the cell viability, cell proliferation, protein synthesis, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen synthesis and calcified nodule formation of the cultivated osteoblast. Results: The results were summarized as follows. 1. RGE did not change the survival rate of rat calvarial osteoblast. 2. RGE increased the proliferation of rat calvarial osteoblast. 3. RGE increased ALP activity of rat calvarial osteoblast., 4. RGE slightly affected protein synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. 5. RGE increased collagen synthesis of rat calvarial osteoblast. 6. RGE slightly affected calcified nodule formation of rat calvarial osteoblast. Conclusions: From these results, it is concluded that RG might improve the osteoporosis resulted from augmentation of osteoblast proliferation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.582-589
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• 2008

This study attempted to determine effects of recombinant porcine epidermal growth factor (pEGF) and glutamine (Gln) supplement on the growth performance and intestinal development of piglets weaned at 14 days of age. A total of ninety-six piglets were allotted to one of four dietary treatments which comprised inclusion of 1.0 mg pEGF supernatant/kg diet or 0.5% Gln both alone and in combination. Each treatment consisted of four replicates with six pigs per pen for a 28 days experimental period. Two pigs per replicate were sacrificed and gastrointestinal tract samples were collected on day 14. Data showed that dietary treatment failed to promote growth performance. On day 14, diets supplemented with pEGF elevated pancreatic chymotrypsin, jejunal alkaline phosphatase, sucrase, lactase and maltase activities (p<0.05), but failed to alter the small intestinal villus morphology, DNA, or protein content of gastrointestinal mucosa. Diets supplemented with Gln increased pancreatic chymotrypsin activity, tended to enhance the protein contents of gastric (p = 0.08) and jejunal mucosa (p = 0.09) but did not influence the serum IgA level or the enzyme activity in the gastrointestinal tract. On day 28, the diets supplemented with Gln increasedt (p<0.05) serum IgA and the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by PHA stimulation. However, a combination of pEGF and Gln did not have a synergistic effect on these biomarkers in early-weaned piglets. The results demonstrate that diets supplemented with recombinant pEGF supernatant indeed improve intestinal digestive enzyme activity and diets supplemented with Gln increases the immune response in early-weaned piglets.