• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2007

The protein profiles among Korean rice cultivars were assessed by total protein determination, solubility fractionation, SDS-PAGE analysis and scanning densitometry. In the extraction of protein, the SDS/urea system at a neutral pH was more efficient than that at alkaline pH. The determination of total protein showed that the protein content was similar among cultivars, ranging from 87.9 to 92.7 mg/g dry weight. Additionally, the water/NaCl-soluble protein fraction, containing 14${\sim}$16 kDa albumin and 22 kDa globulin ${\alpha}$-globulin, was also similar among cultivars, with a range of 9.94 to 11.98 mg/g dry weight. The SDS-PAGE/densitometry of total protein showed that there was no discernable difference in proteins of higher molecular weights among various cultivars, whereas the amount of lower molecular weight proteins (14${\sim}$16 kDa) is somewhat variable among cultivars. Furthermore, SDS-PAGE analysis of water/NaCl-soluble and propanol-soluble fractions indicates that there is a discernible change in the content of albumin, globulin or prolamin among cultivars. Thus, the PAGE/densitometry method, preceded by solubility fractionation, is useful for examining differences in protein profiles of rice cultivars.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2020

Aging is one of the risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. During the progression of cellular senescence, cells enter a state of irreversible growth arrest and display resistance to apoptosis. As a flavonoid, quercetin induces apoptosis in various cells. Accordingly, we investigated the relationship between quercetin-induced apoptosis and the inhibition of cellular senescence, and determined the mechanism of oxidative stress-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) senescence. In cultured VSMCs, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) dose-dependently induced senescence, which was associated with increased numbers of senescence-associated β-galactosidase-positive cells, decreased expression of SMP30, and activation of p53-p21 and p16 pathways. Along with senescence, expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was observed to increase and the levels of proteins related to the apoptosis pathway were observed to decrease. Quercetin induced apoptosis through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase. This action led to the alleviation of oxidative stress-induced VSMC senescence. Furthermore, the inhibition of AMPK activation with compound C and siRNA inhibited apoptosis and aggravated VSMC senescence by reversing p53-p21 and p16 pathways. These results suggest that senescent VSMCs are resistant to apoptosis and quercetin-induced apoptosis attenuated the oxidative stress-induced senescence through activation of AMPK. Therefore, induction of apoptosis by polyphenols such as quercetin may be worthy of attention for its anti-aging effects.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.389-392
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• 1988

Escheriachia coli pSL 2-1 clone은 Bacillus sphaericus 1593의 모기살충 유전자를 클로닝한 재조합 DNA이다. 이 클론이 생산하는 살충독소 단백질의 분자량을 SDS-polyacrylamide gel을 이용하여 측정했다. B. sphaericus 1593균이 생산하는 독소결정체를 분리하여 전기영동을 한 결과는 6개의 단백질밴드(43, 58, 64, 100, 113, 130Kd)가 형성되었으나, 독소결정체를 알칼리 pH로 용해하여 전기영동을 하면 2개의 단백질 밴드(43과 64Kd)만이 나타났다. 그러나 대장균 pSL2-1균이 생산하는 독소단백질을 Sephadex G-200으로 정제하여 모기유충에 살충력이 있는 단백질을 전기영동한 결과는 42Kd만이 나타났다. LC50은 2 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$이었다. B. sphaericus와 pSL2-1 clone 생산하는 살충단백질은 42Kd 단백질인 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.143-151
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• 1997

본 연구는 조피볼락 사료에 있어서 어분대체품을 결정하고, 상품어분대체품과 유인물질의 첨가 효과를 통하여 조피볼락용 어분대체품개발을 위한 기초자료도 사용하고자 수행되었다. 실험사료는 조단백질 52%로, 가용성 에너지 16.8 KJ/g으로 설계되었고, 주단백질원으로 북양어분, 어분대체품 및 상품어분대체품을 사용하였다. 사료의 성분조성은 다음과 같이 요약된다 : 사료1, 100%FM (control) ; 사료2, 60%FM : 40% CFMA ; 사료3, 60%FM : 40% CFMA+ATT ; 사료 4, 80%FM : 20% FMA ; 사료5, 80% FM: 20%FMA+ATT : 사료 6, ; 사료6, 60%FM : 40%FMA+ATT; 사료7, 40%FM : 60% FMA+ATT. 어분대체품은 혈분(BM), 오징어간분(SLP), 육골분(MBM), 수지박(LM), 가금부산물(PBP), 우모분(FM), 필수아미노산(Met, Lys, Ile) 등을 적절히 배합하여 제작 사용하였다. 성장률, 사료효율, 일간성장률 및 단백질효율에 있어서 사료 1은 사료 4, 사료 5 및 사료 6에 비해 유의적인 차이가 없었지만(P>0.05), 나머지 실험구들은 대조구에 비해 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 특히, 상품어분대체품(CFMA)인 사료 2와 사료 3은 실험사료로 제작된 동일한 수준의 사료 6과 비교하여 성장률, 사료효율, 단백질효율에서 유의적으로 낮은 경향을 보였다. 0.5% 유인물질을 첨가한 사료 3과 5는 사료 2와 4에 비해 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았으며(P>0.05), 간중량지수, hemoglobin 및 비만도에 있어서는 유의적인 차이가 나타났다(P<0.05). 따라서, 조피볼락에 있어서 어분대체품(FMA)으로 어분단백질을 40%정도 대체 가능함을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2007

PURPOSE Osteosarcoma occurring in the head and neck region is known as a malignant tumor that shows a relatively poor prognosis and, despite various treatments, clinicians have often been confounded by it. The existence or non-existence of the mutation of the gene $p16^{INK4a}$ has been used in prognosis assessment. In this study, author have attempted to determine whether methylation of the gene $p16^{INK4a}$ could be applied to forecast the progress of osteosarcomas in the head and neck region having been given poor prognoses in the diagnostic process and the early stage of treatment. RESEARCH SUBJECT AND METHOD Clinicopathologic investigations, immunohistochemical examinations, a methylation specific polymerase reaction (MSP) analysis, and a survival analysis were conducted on the tissues of 20 patients with mandibulofacial osteosarcoma. RESULTS Neither age, sex, size, smoking or non-smoking, nor region have showed a statistical significance with methylation or unmethylation of the gene $p16^{INK4a}$ and expression rates demonstrated by immunohisto- chemical examinations. A chi-square test indicated that recurrence inclination has no relation with the expression rate of p16 protein (p=0.6615), but it showed a statistical significance with methylation of the gene $p16^{INK4a}$ (p=0.0033). With respect to investigations of the survival rates, a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis found that the manifestation rate of p16 protein did not have an impact on survival (p=0.8864), but that the methylation of the gene $p16^{INK4a}$ resulted in significant differences in survival rates (p=0.0105). CONCLUSIONS The above results show that methylation of the gene $p16^{INK4a}$ could be one of the major factors that help determine the recurrence inclination and prognosis of osteosarcomas occurring in the head and neck region.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.190-200
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• 1986

논우렁이의 組織別 蛋白質 패턴에 있어서 筋肉은 雌雄에 關係없이 16個의 主要蛋白質 bands는 거의 同一하였으며, 그 중에서 bands E (Mr. 41,500), H (Mr. 52,100), L (Mr. 71,700), N(Mr. 98,500), O (Mr. 107,900) 와 P (Mr. 112,900)는 筋肉과 精巢 卵巢에서 나타나는 蛋白質이었다. 그러나 精巢나 卵巢의 蛋白質 패턴은 그들 固有의 蛋白質 패턴을 가지고 있었으며 組織에서 全部 나타나는 band外에 精巢와 卵巢에서 共同으로 나타나는 主要한 bands는 약 5個[bands d (Mr. 15,600), k (Mr. 37,100), p (Mr. 57,000), s (Mr. 80,300), v (Mr. 105,400)]로 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 主要蛋白質 bands를 elution 시켜서 아미노산을 分析한 結果는 단백질 패턴의 양상과 같이, 아미노산의 量과 組成이 많은 순서는 卵巢, 筋肉, 精巢의 順으로 되었다. 이러한 結果를 볼 때 卵巢에서는 全個體에서 가질수 있는 豊富한 蛋白質이 發見되는 同時에 精巢에서는 核酸物質의 濃縮으로 情蟲이 되기 위한 morphogenesis의 現象으로 말미 암아 蛋白質의 量이 매우 적게 나타나는 것으로 生覺되었다.

• 식품기술
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.93-105
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• 2003

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2000

Zoogloea ramigera 115SLR로부터 다당류 생합성에 관여하는 유전자를 분리하기 위해서 균주의 genomic DNA로부터 제조된 gene bank로부터 plasmid pLEX3이 얻어졌다. 이로부터 재조합된 5.0 kb DNA fragment를 포함하는 plasmid pLEX10은 다당류의 형태를 변환시키는 유전자를 포함하고 있으며, 이중에서 upstream 영역에 해당하는 1.7 kb DNA fragment가 분리되었다. 1.7 kb DNA 염기서열의 결과로부터 단백질을 인지 할 수 있는 2개의 ORF가 존재하였으며, 50 kDa 단백질을 인지 할 수 있는 ORF3은 X. campestris의 다당류 생합성 유전자들인 gumC와 R. meliloti의 exoP와 아미노산의 동질성을 나타내었다. ORF4는 N-terminal 영역이 결여된 단백질을 인지하며, Thermotoga maritime의 다당류 export에 관여하는 단백질과 동질성을 보였다. Z. ramigera 115SLR and Z. ramigera 115SLR/pLEX10은 각각 slime또는 capsule 형태의 다당류를 생합성하며 이들로부터 생합성된 다당류양은 각각 0.26% (w/v) and 0.16% (w/v)였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.1137-1146
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• 2000

This study was carried out to establish an optimum number of phase feeding regimen which enable to reduce nutrients excretion without affecting growth performance and to investigate the effects of different feeding regimens on growth performance, nutrients excretion and carcass characteristics in finishing pigs. A total of 120 finishing pigs (an average initial body weight of 54.3 kg) were assigned to the feeding trial and 12 pigs were assigned to the metabolic trial. Treatments included one phase (54 to 104 kg), two phase (54 to 80 and 80 to 104 kg), three phase (54 to 70, 70 to 90 and 90 to 104 kg) and four phase (54 to 65, 65 to 80, 80 to 95, 95 to 104 kg) feeding regimens. Experimental diets were formulated to contain 16% crude protein for one phase feeding regimen, 16% and 12% crude protein for two phase feeding regimen, 16%, 14% and 12% crude protein for three phase feeding regimen, and 16%, 14.7%, 13.4% and 12% crude protein for four phase feeding regimen, respectively. Although there were no significant differences in any criteria measured during the entire experimental period, pigs reared in three phase feeding regimen grew slightly faster than those reared in other feeding regimens and showed a tendency to increase ADFI during the whole experimental period. The metabolic trial indicated that there were no significant differences in DM (dry matter), CP (crude protein) and P (phosphorus) digestibilities. However, fecal nutrient excretion except P was significantly influenced by feeding regimens. DM excretion of one phase feeding group was significantly higher than that of three phase feeding group and daily fecal N (nitrogen) excretion of one phase feeding group was higher than that of other phase feeding groups (p<0.05). Three and four phase feeding regimens resulted in 12% lower fecal N and DM excretion than one phase feeding regimen. Blood urea concentrations were lower for pigs reared in two, three and four phase feeding regimens than for those reared in one phase feeding regimen (p<0.05). Three phase feeding regimen for the finishing period showed better carcass grade than one phase feeding regimen, though the difference was not significant. The tenth rib fat thickness of pigs fed on four phase feeding regimen was reduced most and there was a trend that backfat thickness decreased as the number of phases increased. Feed cost per kg weight gain was significantly low in four phase feeding group than one phase feeding group (p<0.05). In summary, it seemed that producers generally oversupply the expensive nutrients for the finishing pigs. High nutrient diets do not always guarantee high growth rate of pigs and cause more unwanted nutrient excretion. It rather seems that meeting nutrient requirements for the each growth phase is more important for the reduction of pollutants and economical pork production.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.1549-1554
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• 2001

The application of rumen undegradable intake protein (UIP) on lactating dairy goats was studied. Thirty 2-year-old lactating dairy goats were selected and assigned to dietary treatments begun from the third week to the fourth month postpartum. Experimental diets were formulated into three, low (32% CP), med (35% CP) and high (38% CP), iso-nitrogenous (16% CP) and iso-energetic ($NE_L$ 1.68 Mcal/kg) UIP levels. Results showed that feed intake was not significantly different among the treatment groups. The milk yield in the High UIP group (3.17 kg) was significantly higher than the med (2.95 kg) and low UIP (2.45 kg) groups (p<0.05). The milk compositions, milk fat, milk lactose and milk solids-non-fat (SNF) showed no significant differences among the three treatment groups. The milk protein however was significantly (p<0.05) lower in the low UIP than in the other treatment groups. The milk urea-N was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the low UIP than in the other treatment groups. The mean serum aspartate amino transferase (AST), urinary-N and total protein concentrations were significantly (p<0.05) lower in the high and the med UIP groups than in the low UIP group.