• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.287-291
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• 2007

The factors and mechanisms by infection of Oriental Tsutsugamushi caused disease are not well understood. The onset of tsutsugamushi disease is characterized by chilliness, fever, malaise, headache and generalized aching. Infection of tsutsugamushi is the cause of impairment of function of a major organ often complicate the picture and immediately change the prognosis for the worse. Tsutsugamushi disease is reported that this disease is characterized by the histopathogenesis of liver, kidney, heart, and lung, but the variation of biochemical components in serum of tsutsugamushi disease patient are not clear. We analyzed total protein (TP), albumin (AL), aspartic aminotranferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphotase (ALP), urea nitrogen (UN), creatinine (CRE), glucose (GLD), cholesterol (CHOL) and total bilirubin (TB) in sera of patients with tsutsugamushi disease. In comparison with reference, total protein and albumin were abnormally decreased in 19.6% and 39.2% of patients, respectively. AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, UN, glucose, cholesterol and total bilirubin were abnormally increased in 94.1 %, 72.5%, 25.5%, 15.7%, 9.8%, 62.7%, 25.5% and 6.0% of patients, respectively. The patients showed abnormal relative rate of protein electrophoretic fractions to total protein in serum compared to them of reference were 43.1% (albumin), 12.9% ($\alpha_1$-globulin), 58.8% ($\alpha_2$-globulin), 60.8% ($\beta$-globulin) and 70.6% ($\gamma$-globulin), respectively. These data suggest that infection of Oriental Tsutsugamushi causes impairment of function of a major organ and abnormal serum protein electrophoresis fractions to tsutsugamushi patients.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.423-429
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• 1989

선화녹두(sunhwa-nogdu ; SH)와 재래종 녹두(conventional variety ; C) 2품종의 분리녹두단백(mungbean protein isolate : MPI)을 제조하여, 이들의 아미노산 조성 그리고 용해도에 의한 단백질의 분획 및 분획된 단백질의 전기영동 패턴을 연구하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 즉, MPI의 아미노산조성을 보면 MPI-SH, MPI-C 둘 다 glutamic acid, aspartic acid의 함량이 높게 나타났으며, 함황아미노산의 함량은 낮게 나타났다. 한편 MPI의 아미노산조성은 원시료인 MBF와 거의 유사함을 나타내었고, 두 품종간에도 큰 차이가 없었다. 그리고 MPI를 용해도에 의하여 분별정량 했을 때 $87.6{\sim}92.9%$가 수용성 성분이었으며, prolamin, glutelin, residue는 MPI-C에서 0.25, 1.13, 10.74%로 MPI-SH의 0.25, 0.91, 5.63%에 비해 각각 높게 나타났다. 또한, 전분획의 전기영동 패턴을 살펴본 결과 $6{\sim}10$개의 band를 나타내며 $43,000{\sim}68,000\;dalton$ 범위의 분자량에 집중하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1973

Azotobacter vinelandi의 세포추출물(細胞抽出物)들이 Shethna flavoprotein의 free radical 형(型)으로의 전자전달기구(電子傳達機構)에 관하여 연구(硏究)하였다. 전자전달(電子傳達)에 관여도(關與度)가 높은 단백질(蛋白質)로 황색형광성단백질(黃色榮光性蛋白質)(protein I)과 갈색단백질(褐色蛋白質)(protein II)을 정제(精製)하였고 이들은 $N_2$ 기압하(氣壓下) 또는 aceton-dry ice 동결(凍結)저장하에서도 쉽게 실활(失活)되었고 반응속도(反應速度) 역시 너무 완만하여 생체내반응(生體內反應)이기에는 의문점을 보였다. 한편 세포추출물중(細胞抽出物中)의 FMN은 NADH에 의(依)하여 환원이 쉽게 이루어졌으며, 환원형 $FMNH_2$는 비효소적(非酵素的)으로 Shethna flavoprotein 의 free radical 을 형성(形成)시켰으며 , 효소적반응속도(酵素的反應速度)보다 15배(倍)의 높은 반응속도(反應速度)를 보였다. 비록 FMN이 생체내(生體內)에서 타(他)단백질과 비결합형(非結合型)으로 존재(存在)하지 않는다해도 FMN의 전자전달체(電子電達體)의 가능성(可能性)을 제시(提示)하였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2002

이 연구는 Whey배지에 Whey protein concentrate 80% (WPC-80)와 Whey protein isolate(WPI)를 첨가하여 B. bifidum Bb-11의 생장촉진효과를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 또 이 단백질들의 구성성분인 $\alpha$-Lactalbumin과 $\beta$-Lactogluburin을 trypsin으로 처리하여 얻어진 분해물을 분자량에 따라 분획하여 각 분획별로 그 효과를 구명하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. WPC 첨가에 의한 효과는 대조구에 비하여 생장촉진효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 첨가농도에 따른 차이는 근소하였다. WPI는 뚜렷한 생장촉진효과를 보여주지 못하였으며, 첨가량이 많을수록 생장이 억제되었다. 두 종류의 유청단백질을 4$0^{\circ}C$에서 6시간 동안 trypsin처리한 후 UF처리에 의하여 분획하고 각 분획들을 Centricon-30 으로 농축한 후, 얻어진 $\alpha$-lactalbumin 분해물 3분획에 대한 단백질농도는 각각 11.63mg, 7.79mg 및 5.21mg 이었고, $\beta$-Lactoglubulin 분해물 3분획은 각각 4.12mg, 5.30 mg 및 9.35mg 이었다. $\alpha$-Lactalbumin분해물 세 분획 모두 대조구에 비하여 높은 생장촉진효과를 나타내었으며, 그중에서 분자량 10,000~3,000Da(F-II)과 3,000Da 이하(F-III)의 두 분획이 모두 높게 나타난 것으로 보아, 분자량 10,000Da 이하의 peptide들이 bifidobacteria의 생장을 향상시키는 것으로 밝혀졌다. $\beta$-Lactoglubulin 분해물 세 분획들도 대조구에 비하여 생장이 좋게 나타났다. 분자량 10,000Da 이하의 peptide를 함유하는 두 분획은 생장이 우수하였으며 배양 24 시간후에는 분자량 3,000Da 이상의 두 분획(F-I, F-II)이 대조구에 비하여 빠르게 생장이 저하된 반면, 분자량 3,000 Da이하의 분획(F-III)에서는 계속적인 생장촉진효과를 보여주었다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.30-40
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• 1978

Detergent soluble fractions were obtained from T. ferrooxidans ATCC 13598 and the T. thiooxidans ATCC 8085 which were treated with 3% of Tween 20. The detergent soluble antigen(crude antigen) fractions of the T.ferrooxidans and the T.thiooxidans were subjected to hydroxyapatite. In the case of T.thiooxidans, further purification was carried out on the DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The antigen fractions, such as the hydroxyapatite peak-1(Tf, HA-1) and peak-2 from T.ferrooxidans(Tf. HA-2) and hydroxyapatite peak-1(Tt, HA-1), DEAE-cellulose peak-1(Tt, DP-1) and peak-2(Tt, DP-2) from T. thiooxidans wre compared each other with the homologous and the heterologous and the heterologous antisera against to the Thiobacillus species. The hydroxyapatite peak-2 fraction from the T.ferrooxidans(Tf, HA-2) and DEAE-cellulose peak-2 fraction from the T.thiooxidans(Tt, DP-2) were represented the type-specific immuno-reactivities between the T.ferrooxidans and the T.thiooxidans on the several sets of double gel diffusioin analysis. The type-specific antigen fractions from both of the baceteria were mainly composed of protein with entierly different electrophoretic mobility on the SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. However, the PAS positive banding patterns on the electrophorogram showed wide range of common antigenic properties in the T. ferrooxidans and the T.thiooxidans, respectively.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.127-137
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the inhibiting or promoting effect of fetal bovine serum fractionated by the molecular weight and to examine the effect of reconstruction of serum fractions on the development of 1- and 2-cell mouse embryos fertilized in vitro (IVEE) . The serum was separated by ultrafiltration or gel filtration methods and added in m-KRB medium for culture of IVFE. The developemental ability(cavitation and hatching) of embryos following culture of day 4 and 6 was compared among fractions. Small molecular weight fraction( <3 kDa) significantly inhibited the development of 1-and 2-cell IVFE to the blastocyst stages, compared with other fractions. One-cell IVFE were more sensitively damaged than 2-cell embryos by that fraction and arrested mainly at 2~4 cell stages. Moreover, small amount(<3%,v /v) of the inhibiting fraction acted even with protein rich fraction(100~30 kDa) and arrested the embryonic development. On the other hand, 100~30 kDa fraction promoted the embryonic development and no inhibiting effect was observed at the level of 50%(v /v) in culture medium In the experiment of gel filtraton, =30 kDa fraction showed the highest promoting effect on the embryonic development, but <4 kDa fraction inhibited significantly the development. These results suggest that serum contains not only small molecular weight inhibitory component(s) but also promoting one rather than albumin on embryonic development. And serum can be more effectively used in the IVF program after removal of inhibitory component(s) by one of above separation methods.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 1992

카드뮴내성균인 Pseudomonas Putida C1의 세포 내 카드뮴 축적기작을 구명하기 위하여 균체내 축적된 카드뮴의 세포 구성성분별 분포도, 단백질 함량변화 및 세포구성물질의 변화를 조사한 결과, 세포내에 축적된 카드뮴의 약 57%는 cell wall에 분포되어 있었으며 약 43%는 cytoplasm에 분포되어 있었다. Cytoplasm에 축적된 카드뮴은 protein과 nucleic acid 두 성분 모두에 분포되어 있었으며, cell wall에 축적된 카드뮴의 약 84% 이상이 polyphosphate-polysaccharide fraction에 분포되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 세포내 protein 합성에 미치는 카드뮴의 영향을 조사한 결과, 카드뮴 무첨가배지에서 생장한 균체와 카드뮴이 함유된 배지에서 생장한 균체의 세포내 protein 함량은 카드뮴을 첨가함으로써 감소되었으나, ammonium sulfate($30{\sim}75%$ saturation)에 의하여 침전되는 soluble protein의 함량은 카드뮴을 첨가한 배지에서 생장한 균체에서 더 증가되었다. 고분자 가용성 단백질은 카드용 첨가배지에서 배양된 세포가 카드뮴 무첨가 배지에서 배양된 세포에 비하여 증가되었으나, 저분자 단백질 은 감소되었다. 따라서 세포내 protein의 합성은 카드뮴에 의하여 감소되었으나 ammonium sulfate(30-75% saturation)에 의하여 침전되는 고분자 단백질의 합성은 카드뮴에 의하여 촉진되는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.407-418
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• 2000

Background: With open heart surgery(OHS), it has been recognized that many postoperative complications and postperfusion syndrome are associated with the activations of complements and leulocytes. Recently, some investigators also demonstrated that interlukin-6(IL-6) linked highly with postperfusion syndrome. The puropose of this study was to investigate the sequential changes of the IL-6 and to clarify each IL-6 relationship to the complements(C3, C4) and inflammatory response following cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). Material and Method: To determine serum levels of IL-6, complements, leukocytes, and biochemistric markers of liver and renal function, blood samples were taken from th radial artery in 30 adult patients undergoing OHS with CPB. Result: Serum IL-6 levels incrased significantly at 10 minutes after CPB-on(CPB-10) in comparison with the control levels and reached the peak at CPB-off(p<0.05). Serum complement levels declined rapidly at CPB-10 and remained at the lower levels during CPB(p<0.01). Sequential changes of IL-6 levels had positive correlations with the changes of total leukocytes and neutrophil fractions(p<0.05), but had negative correlations with lymphocyte fractions(p<0.05). Changes of C3 related postively to monocyte fractions(p<0.05). Postoperative levels of total protein and albumin, decreased significantly in comparison with the control levels(p<0.01), while the postoperative levels of AST(aspartate transaminase) and bilirubin increased (p<0.01). At CPB-off, IL-6 levels had negative correlations with total protein and albumin levels(r=-0.60, -0.47 respectively, p<0.05), whereas C3 levels had positive correlations with albumin levels(r=0.40, p<0.05). IL-6 levels, as well as neutrophil fractions, had positive correlations with aortic clamp time(ACT) and total bypass time(TBT) (IL-6; r=0.82, 0.79 respectively, neutrophil fractions; r=0.50, 0.56 respectively, p<0.05), wheres lymphocyte frations and albumin levels had negative correlations whith ACT and TBT(lymphocyte fractions; r=-0.52, -0.58 respectively, albumin; r=-0.58, -0.55 respectively, p<0.05). Conclusion: These data showed that elevated production of serum IL-6 during CPB may play a pivotal role in systemic inflammatory responses and prologed CPB period may be assosiated with more sever postperfusion syndromes.

• 약학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.261-265
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• 2004

In the previous report, we described the marked antitumor and immunomodulatory activities of PVp, a protein-polysaccharide fraction of a Korean wild mushroom Psathyrella velutina. In this study, a protein-polysaccharide fraction, PVMP, was prepared from the shake-cultured mycelia of the same mushroom and its immunoactivities as well as chemical compositions were investigated. At 200 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, PVMP weakly stimulated the BALB/c mouse splenic lymphocytes to form lymphoblasts and upregulated the expression of CD25 molecules, but failed to stimulate peritoneal macrophages. In chemical analysis these two protein-polysaccharide fractions were found to be quite different in that the carbohydrate contents of PVMP and PVP, respectively, was 85.3% and 41.2%. These results reveals that PVMP, unlike PVP, is a moderate immunostimulator on the immune system.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.406-414
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• 1995

Nitrogen(N) concentration of preterm(PT) and term (T) milk in various fractions, such as total, protein, nonprotein, whey protein and casein were determined at 2-5 days, 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks of postpartum. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nitrogen concentration of human milk from mothers delivering at preterm and term, and the propriety of preterm milk for premature infants. The concentration of total N, nonprotein N, protein N, whey protein N and casein N in preterm milk was decreased significantly with time postpartum. Total N was 374mg/이 at colostrum, 232mg/dl at mature milk. Whey protein N was decreased from 42mg/dl at 2-5 days to 32mg/dl at 4-6 weeks. Protein N was 332mg/dl at colostrum, 202mg/dl at mature milk. The proportion of whey protein N and casein N were 39:61 at colostrum, 28:72 at mature milk. No difference were found between T and PT milk for total nitrogen excepted 2 weeks. In this report we show that nitrogen concentration except casetpt casein N is smaller in milk from mothers giving birth prematurely than in milk from mothers giving birth at term, over the first two weeks of lactationl But protein N was higher in preterm milk than term milk, whey protein nitrogen was lower. By comparing predicted nitrogen intakes to estimated requirements of preterm infants fed 150 to 200ml/kg/day of their own mother's milk, we predict that the quantities of protein provided would be adequate to meet the requirements of the prematured infants during the early weeks of life.