• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.318-325
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a finger guard developed to prevent sharp injuries in nursing students. Methods: This study was an equivalent control group posttest design. Seventy nursing students were randomly allocated to either the experimental group (n= 35) or the control group (n= 35). The finger guard was used whileopening the glass ampoule in the experimental group. The outcome variables such as sharp injuries, anxiety and user satisfaction were measured. Results: Sharp injuries were 0 in the experimental group and 2 in the control group (p= .160). Anxiety in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (p< .001). User satisfaction was 4.33 score in the range from 1 to 5, the highest item was the weight (4.63), followed by effectiveness (4.51). Conclusion: Using a protective device while opening the glass ampoule was observed to be effective in reducing anxiety among the nursing students, and exhibited protection of skin.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.283-300
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• 2018

This study examined the effects of a practical problem based home economics instruction using multiple intelligences teaching and learning methods for the prevention school violence by high school students'. The contents of this study are as follow. 1) Develop the practical problem-based instruction using multiple intelligence and teaching and learning strategies for each protective factor both in teaching method aspects and learning content aspects during the 29-period of lesson plans. 2) Examine the effects of the instruction in the changes of pre- and post- impulsivity and aggression, self-esteem, empathy and attitudes to school violence after implementing home economics lesson plans. 3) Evaluate the instruction. The subjects of this study were 288 first grade students (124 male and 164 female students). The study utilizes a quasi-experimental pre-post design. The effect of the instruction by the paired t-test results showed that the aggression and impulsivity by the learners had been lowered; however, empathy and self-esteem increased; in addition, learners' attitudes toward school violence had changed positively. In conclusion, self-esteem in school as sub-variables of self-esteem increased; however, there was no statistically significant difference.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.321-328
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• 2004

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of genetic polymorphism of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) on the xylene metabolism. Methods : Among 247 workers, 116 were occupationally exposed to xylene and 131 were not. Workers exposed to xylene had different work such as spray, touch-up, mix & assist, and pre-treat. Questionnaire variables were age, sex, use of personal protective equipment, smoking, previous night's drinking and work duration. The urinary methylhippuric acid was measured in the urine collected in the afternoon and corrected by urinary creatinine concentration. The genotypes of CYP2E1 and ALDH2 were investigated by using PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) methods with DNA extracted from venous blood. Results : 1. The urinary concentrations of o-, m-, and p-methylhippuric acid and total methylhippuric acid in the exposed group were significantly higher than those in the non-exposed group (p<0.001). 2. In multiple regression analysis, the urinary methylhippuric acid concentration was significantly influenced by exposure grade (Job-exposure matrixes), smoking, drug use and kind of protective equipment (p<0.1). 3. Genetic polymorphism of CYP2E1 and ALDH2 did not affect urinary methylhippuric acid level in the exposed group (p>0.05). Conclusions : Exposure grade, smoking, drug use and kind of protective equipment affected urinary methylhippuric acid level, whereas genetic polymorphism of CYP2E1 and ALDH2 did not. However, further investigation for the effect of genetic polymorphism on the metabolism of xylene with a larger sample size is needed.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.13-24
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• 2011

This study compared actual weight with perceived weight, described the prevalence of unhealthy weight control behavior, determined the differences in psychological and personal variables between participants that reported unhealthy weight control behavior and those who did not, and examined the relationship of eating habits to unhealthy weight control behavior for Korean adolescents. The study population consisted of a nationally representative sample of middle and high school students who completed the Fifth Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS): Fifth in 2009. Among the 75,066 participants of KYRBWS, 35,473 (n = 18,851 girls and 16,622 boys) were eligible for a research focused on unhealthy weight control behavior. The results of this research were as follows: First, there were considerable discrepancies (45.1% of girls and 32.8% of boys) between the perceived weight and the actual weight. Second, overall, unhealthy weight control behavior was more prevalent in girls and fasting was the most commonly reported behavior. Third, participants that reported unhealthy weight control behavior scored significantly lower on scaled measures of happiness, health, academic achievement, and economic status; in addition, they scored higher on stress measures. Fourth, girls and boys shared common protective factors of having breakfast and vegetables more often, perceiving their weight as underweight rather than overweight, and having a correct weight conception. Protective factors unique to girls were having lunch and dinner more often. Girls and boys shared common risk factors of the consumption of soda, fast food, instant noodles, and snacks more often, while consumption of fruit more often was a risk factor only for girls. The improvement of protective factors and minimization of risk factors through Home Economics classes (and other classes relevant to health) may mitigate unhealthy weight control behavior of adolescents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.156-170
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• 2023

Objectives: This study conducted practical training to improve the proper usage of personal protective equipment(PPE), which greatly impacts workplace safety and health management. Personal protective equipment education was conducted through active participation, without theoretical modules, and aimed to identify the effects of repeated practical education and determine ways to increase participant satisfaction. Methods: Study data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics ver.29 software. First, participants' general characteristics were analyzed with frequency analysis. Second, the normality and equality of variances (Leven's test) were tested for the dependent variables prior to statistical analyses to determine the use of parametric tests. In general, normality is assumed when the sample size is 30 or more per the central limit theorem (Park et al., 2014). As our sample size of health management workers was 43, normality can be assumed. However, to ensure rigor of the study, we examined skewness and kurtosis. The results confirmed that the data were normally distributed. Third, the effects of repeated PPE training were analyzed using paired t-tests. Fourth, differences in satisfaction with PPE training according to the safety and health job position and safety and health certification were analyzed with t-test and Welch's t-test. For parameters that did not meet the assumption of equal variances, the Welch's t-test was performed. Results: Repeated PPE training improved the educational outcomes, and the improvements were significant in the 1st and 2nd respiratory PPE and safety and hygiene PPE training evaluations (p<.001). In terms of safety and health job position, repeated training led to improvements in educational outcomes, with significant improvements observed among supervisors and specialized health management institution workers in the 1st and 2nd training evaluations (p<.005). In terms of safety certification, repeated training led to improvements in educational outcomes, with significant improvements observed among both certified and non-certified individuals (p<.005). Regarding satisfaction with PPE training according to safety and health job positions, specialized health management institution workers showed greater satisfaction than supervisors, with significant differences in the satisfaction for expertise of lecture, work relevance, and lecturer's attitude (p<.001). Regarding satisfaction with PPE training according to safety and health certification, satisfaction was higher among certified individuals, with significant differences in satisfaction for work relevance and lecture attitude (p<.05) Conclusions: PPE education should be recommended to be provided as practical training. Repeated training can enhance educational outcomes for individuals with inadequate knowledge and understanding of PPE prior to education. For individuals with high levels of pre-existing knowledge and understanding of PPE, the results show that various training experiences should be provided to enhance their satisfaction. Therefore, it suggests that the workplace should actively seek educational media and methods to acquire expertise and skills in wearing personal protective equipment and improve the ability to use

• Information Systems Review
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.99-120
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• 2023

Courier services users' experience of violating privacy affects psychology and behavior of protecting personal privacy. Depending on what privacy infringement experience (PIE) of courier services users, learning about perceived privacy infringement incidents is made, recognition is formed, affection is formed, and behavior is appeared. This paradigm of changing in privacy psychologies of courier services users has an important impact on predicting responses of privacy protective action (PPA). In this study, a theoretical research framework are developed to explain the privacy protective action (PPA) of courier services users by applying attitude theory. Based on this framework, the relationships among past privacy infringement experience (PIE), perceived privacy risk (PPR), privacy concerns (i.e., concerns in unlicensed secondary use (CIUSU), concerns in information error (CIE), concerns in improper access (CIA), and concern in information collection (CIC), and privacy protective action (PPA) are analyzed. In this study, the proposed research model was surveyed by people with experience in using courier services and was analyzed for finding relationships among research variables using structured an equation modeling software, SMART-PLS. The empirical results show the causal relationships among PIE, PPR, privacy concerns (CIUSU, CIE, CIA, and CIC), and PPA. The results of this study provide useful theoretical implications for privacy management research in courier services, and practical implications for the development of courier services business model.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.9 s.211
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• pp.71-84
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was firstly to identify how the characteristics of children(grades, birth order, self-consciousness), parents(age, educational level, employment status of mother, mother's parenting behavior), and context (private tutoring status, tying area) relate to children's stress and secondly to examine the relative effects of these variables on children's stress. The subjects of this study were 940(453 boys, 440 girls) children from grades 4 to 6 who were selected from three elementary schools in Seoul and Buchun. Data were analyzed with t-test, correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows: (1) Girls get stressed easier than boys in terms of being treated distantly by their friends. (2) The study showed a negative relationship between children's stress and their self-consciousness such as general self-consciousness, teaming self-consciousness and total self-consciousness. (3) While the results showed a negative relationship between children's stress and mothers' acceptable behavior, the study revealed a positive relationship between children's stress and the mother's over protective behavior which in turn raised the children's stress level. (4) In 'total stress', it was recognized that boys were affected mostly tv grades in the children's variables category, while girls were affected by their general self-consciouness. In addition, both girls and boys were affected mostly by acceptable-refusal parental behavior in the parental variables category, and further affected by the living area in the category of conditional variables.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare
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• no.54
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• pp.173-197
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• 2016

This study aims to examine developmental trajectories and predictor variables of problem behaviors and school adjustment trajectories among children from low-income families using latent growth modeling. The data was collected from the 2nd year to the 4th year (2012-2014) of a community child center child panel survey conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute. The major findings are as follows. First, as the grade went up, the problem behaviors of children from low-income families increased while school adjustment decreased. Second, multi-level domains, such as individual, school, and family variables influenced school adjustment trajectory, while only individual variables, such as depression, isolation, and motivation for achievement influenced problem behavior trajectory. Third, common protective factors between problem behaviors and school adjustment trajectories were motivation for achievement in and satisfaction of the community child center. Common risk factors between problem behaviors and school adjustment trajectories were isolation and aggression. Based on the results, the implications for child welfare practices were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.41-55
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• 1999

In order to evaluate the effects of knowledge, attitude and practice on noise-induced hearing loss or hearing threshold level, questionnaire survey was performed and hearing thresholds of 1 kHz and 4 kHz were measured on 1,040 subjects with workers exposed to noise, safety and health officers. industrial hygienists, analysts rind office workers. The results were as follows ; 1. The following 6 factors were obtained by factor analysis and factor rotation of 30 questionnaire of knowledge, attitude and practice about noise; knowledge of noise (F1), concern of hearing protective devices (F2), concern of noise induced hearing loss (F3), concern of noise level and hearing impairment (F4), concern of noise in workplace (F5) and recognition of noised-induced hearing loss (F6). 56.1% of variance was explained by 6 factors. 2. Significant variables influencing knowledge, attitude and practice about noise were education level and age in F1, personal protective devices (PPE) and education level in F2, age and education level in F3, education level, age and sex in F4, PPE, education level, age and work duration in F5, and work duration and PPE in F6. 3. Hearing thresholds of 4 kHz were significantly higher in workers exposed to noise than that of in the other subjects and tended to be higher in industrial hygienists, safety and health officers and analysts than that of the office workers. 4. Significant variables influencing hearing thresholds of 1 kHz were age, education level, F5 and F6 in workers exposed to noise, and F1 in industrial hygienists. 5. Significant variables influencing hearing thresholds of 4 kHz were age, F6, sex, work duration, F1, F5, F2 and F3 in workers exposed to noise, F1 and age in safety and health officers, and F6, sex and F4 in industrial hygienists. With the above results, it suggested that workers exposed to noise be needed the education of knowledge, attitude and practice about noise in hearing conservation program for the prevention of noise induced hearing loss. Also, it suggested that health managers in workplace be needed countermeasures to prevent hearing loss although they are intermittently exposed to noise.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.89-110
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• 2019

This study is to verify relative influence of individual, parent, peer, teacher-related variables as protective factors and risk factors of academic hatred. Surveys were conducted with 1,015 (women, 57.3%) high school third grade students across eight schools where are located in Seoul, Incheon, and Geyonggi province. Correlation analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were performed. The findings are summarized as follows. Teacher's academic pressure did not have significant correlation with student's basic psychological needs, teacher's autonomy support, teacher's support, and peer support whereas other variables showed significant correlation each others. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that student's individual competence and autonomy, parent's academic support, and teacher's emotional support work as protective factors and that parent's academic pressure functions as a risk factor. The effects of peer support disappeared when teacher-related factors were included. In addition, the effects of teacher's autonomy support disappeared, while the effects of teacher's support strengthened when learner's basic psychological needs were input. This study is meaningful in that it clarified academic hatred which had not been studied in other research and that it provided theoretical foundation for subsequent studies on academic hatred by examining relative influence of related variables. Lastly, it presented its limitation, implications on intervening strategies in school counseling, and suggestions for later studies.