• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate impact of smart city awareness on citizen satisfaction and to measure various factors influencing smart city competitiveness that were rarely addressed in previous studies. For the impacts on the competitiveness of smart cities, this study explored the effects of data-driven service, economic impact, social trust through sharing, environmental protection, and sustainable growth. Research design, data and methodology: To collect data, this study employed an online survey conducted by a reputable research organization. Data analysis involved the use of factor analysis, ANOVA, and regression analysis. Results: This study identified key aspects important for enhancing citizen satisfaction. Furthermore, this research unveiled the significant impacts of data-driven service, economic impact, social trust through sharing, environmental protection, and sustainable growth on the competitiveness of smart cities. Conclusions: The results yield valuable managerial and policy implications. The study suggests that enhancing citizen satisfaction through improved awareness of the smart city is crucial for effective city marketing management. Additionally, the results highlight special aspects necessary to improve smart city competitiveness, including the implementation of promotional policies supported by the government, promoting global competitiveness for domestic companies, and fostering citizen participation for effective city marketing management.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.176-183
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• 2021

Purpose: The introduction of smart factories that reflect the 4th industrial revolution technologies such as AI, IoT, and VR, has been actively promoted in Korea. However, in order to solve various problems arising from existing file-based operating systems, this research will focus on identifying and verifying non-file system-based data protection technology. Method: The research will measure security storage that cannot be identified or controlled by the operating system. How to activate secure storage based on the input of digital key values. Establish a control unit that provides input and output information based on BIOS activation. Observe non-file-type structure so that mapping behavior using second meta-data can be performed according to the activation of the secure storage. Result: First, the creation of non-file system-based secure storage's data input/output were found to match the hash function value of the sample data with the hash function value of the normal storage and data. Second, the data protection performance experiments in secure storage were compared to the hash function value of the original file with the hash function value of the secure storage after ransomware activity to verify data protection performance against malicious ransomware. Conclusion: Smart factory technology is a nationally promoted technology that is being introduced to the public and this research implemented and experimented on a new concept of data protection technology to protect crucial data within the information system. In order to protect sensitive data, implementation of non-file-type secure storage technology that is non-dependent on file system is highly recommended. This research has proven the security and safety of such technology and verified its purpose.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.461-468
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• 2014

An efficiency test for generators is generally required in case of construction of a new power plant or replacement of an existing generator. Generally, the efficiency of generator is measured by the input-output ratio under any given condition. Therefore, the best way is to directly measure the value of input and output power of a generator and calculate the efficiency values. However, it is difficult to measure a generator's input values accurately, especially for large systems. So, we are usually measuring the losses of the generator. But for measuring these values, there are several constraints for test such as preparing additional power generator and releasing the protection relay for manual operation of auxiliary equipments. Therefore, this study suggests that a novel generator efficient test method using the shaft-torque method which can be carried out while the generator is normally operating. The reliability of the result value was verified by comparing with the efficiency test results of the conventional retardation method on IEEE Std 115-1995.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.119-126
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• 2015

The primary purpose of the general duty clause is to offer an extra measure of protection to employees in the workplace. Most standards implemented under OSHA are targeted at a specific hazard. The general duty clause, however allows inspectors to cite employers for exposing its employees to a recognized hazard that has not been specifically addressed in the regulations. Congress intended the general duty clause to be a limited means of advancing the purposes of the OSHAct. But OSHA has not always regarded the general duty clause as the limited means for protecting the safety and health of employees that Congress intented. OSHA attempted to expand the scope of the general duty clause, at times improperly, to make it a more flexible enforcement tool. OSHA's interpretation of each of the restrictions on the scope of the clause has changed over the years. In recent years the general duty clause has been utilized as a sometimes controversial mechanism for enforcement of safety guidelines that have not yet been specifically addressed by statute or regulation. The most notable example of this was application of the general duty clause to ergonomic hazards.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.162-167
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• 2006

The urban stream includes the channel and sandbars. The sandbar plays a key role in the riparian ecosystem. For birds and insects the sandbar offers a small strip of habitat and fish and other fauna feed in the boundary of sandbar where eddies occur. So, it is important habitat and source for the flow of energy, matter and organisms through the landscape and act as ecotone between the terrestrial and stream corridors. However, the sandbar changes continuously by the natural process. Thus, it is necessary to measure the shape and area of the sandbar accurately for the efficient urban stream management for the amenity of urban residents and stream protection. The study site is Yangjae Stream where the first natural-style urban stream restoration projected was impelemented by the support of Ministry of Education in Korea. The measurement was taken by the beacon Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) and the data were stored and analyzed using ArcView Geographic Information System (GIS) program. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to measure the change of sandbars in the urban stream after concentrated stormwater during summer.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.30-56
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• 2005

This paper used two threshold approaches to measure the equity in urban households' out-of-pocket payments for health care from 1997 to 2002, which developed by Wagstaff and van Doorslaer. One approach used catastrophic health expenditure, which means that payments exceed a 'pre-specified proportion' of total consumption expenditures or ability to pay and the other used impoverishment that they did not drive households into poverty. Indicies for 'catastrophic expenditure' captured intensity as well as its incidence and also the degree of which catastrophic payments occur disproportionately among poor households. Measure of poverty impact also captured both intensity and incidence. The methods applied with data on out-of-pocket payments from the Urban Household Expenditure Survey Incidence and intensity of catastrophic payments - both in terms of total household consumption as well as ability to pay - increased between 1997 and 2002, and that both incidence and intensity of 'catastrophic expenditure' became less concentrated among the poor, but more concentrated in 2001 than in 1997. The incidence and intensity of the poverty impact of out-of-pocket payments increased between 1997 and 2002. Health security system may not have provided financial protection against catastrophic health expenditure to low-income households, because of high user fee policy not considering income level. The policies alleviating catastrophic health payments among the poor need to be more developed, and two threshold approaches further evaluated on our policy context.

• Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.555-559
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• 2003

Recently, in accordance with the commercialization of novel radio frequency utilization technologies, the radiated power must be rigorously limited for the purpose of protection of wireless facilities against frequency jamming or interference and for maintaining the quality of communication service. At present, the output power is measured from the conducted power for the domestic measurement criterion but is not a real radiated power and inaccurate. So, it is peformed to survey the more precisely accurate measurement scheme and analyze its criterion and methodology in comparison with foreign one. As a result of surveying and analyzing, it is concluded that the U.S. and E.U. is actually using the measurement method in consideration of terms of the Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power(EIRP) and Effective Radiated power(ERP). In case of the frequency below 1 GHz, the half wave-length dipole antenna is used to measure the ERP and above 1 GHz the horn antenna as a reference antenna is used to measure the EIRP. Therefore, for the domestic purpose it is also necessary to take EIRP and ERP into consideration as a measurement criterion in order to make an accurate measurement and regulation.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.41-49
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• 2016

Smart Grid is a next generation of new power growth electrical grid which provide high quality of electrical service by using Information Technologies to increase intelligence and performance. By using Smart Grid system, it can support energy management such as increase quality of electrical power, decrease energy and decrease emissions. However, Smart Grid uses information of energy consumption and when Smart Grid collects information, it will create private information. In this thesis, it will address issues of security private information which caused by Smart Grid for administrative measure and efficiency of Smart Grid in domestic. Also, cryptographic module algorithm, latest security solutions and strong wireless security policy for network environment such as wireless communication Iinternet are require for Smart Grid perform successfully and protect national power network equipment from cyber-attack and can stop leakage of user's personal information. Finally, it is urgent to prepare protection measures of National industrial facilities and power grid which can prepare for a cyber terrorism and penetration attacks and build emergency countermeasure management team for Smart Grid are require for safe Smart Grid environment.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.463-473
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• 2000

Reinforcement with geotextiles have been used in the foundation soil to enhance the resistance of embankments to avoid failure through excessive deformation or shear in the foundation. It is improtant to know the amount of the strain and the displacement of buried geotextiles for the verification of the reinforcement behaviour. Full scale trial constructions were performed to check the deformational characteristics of the polyester(PET) mat which was used for the embankment reinforcement. Many instrumentation equipments including surface settlement plates, profile gauges and inclinometer casings were installed to observe the behaviour of the soft ground due to the soil embankment. 60 electrical resistance strain gauges and 9 vibrating wire LVDTs were installed 세 measure the deformation of the polyester mat. Results of various tests and geotextile, waterproofing and protection from the hazard environments were introduced. The proposed instrumentation method was effective for the monitoring or the geotextile behaviour. The direct attachment of electrical resistance strain gauges on the gertextile mat was able to measure small changes of the strain of geotextiles. At the end of the 5 month monitoring, 54 of 60 (93%) strain gauges and 7 of 9 (78%) displacement transducers survived all perils of the compaction impacts and the humidity. And the tensile strain of grotextiles increased as the ground displacement became larger. Though the observed strain of mats under the 3m high embankment load was less than 1%, the magnitudes of the strain according to the mat spreading method were different from each other.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.261-262
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• 2012

In this research, intelligent protection system for laser boat is introduced. The function of system is to measure the distance and velocity of object from our boat and generate control signals to avoid collision with moving targets. A novel approach to estimate object's position from our ship is tackled on this paper. To do this laser sensors are used to measure distance from ship to targets. The ship position and velocity is estimated by th Kalman filter algorithm. In the real phase, the filtering method will be applied to process signal gathered by laser sensors. Simulation to estimate ship's position and velocity under noise are executed and the results are introduced to show the effectiveness of the algorithm.