• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.790-801
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to generate a grounded theory of how families with kidney donor or recipient coped with kidney transplantations. Interview data from twelve families involved in kidney transplants was analyzed using the grounded theory method. Data analysis revealed that “protecting the family” was the main theme that represented family member experiences. In order to maintain family function and to protect the family from breaking up, family members had to adjust the family structure from the traditional style of a husband-centered family, to one that was patient health -centered. The process of this adjustment was a very long and difficult one, taking several years from the recognition of the kidney disease to the kidney transplants. Family members, especially spouses, employed nine different strategies to deal with various problems and conflicts which occurred during the process : 1) paying attention to the patient's illness and complications ; 2) accepting the patient's illness as the family's illness as well ; 3) managing the patient's illness and complications that occured ; 4) being thrifty ; 5)supporting the kidney donor ; 6) accepting and replacing the lost roles of the patient ; 7) keeping composure and encouraging the patient ; 8) sustaining the patient's independence ; 9) self-restraining sexual desires. These findings suggest that there is a developmental process where family members adjust to a kidney transplant over time. There is also a need for increased social and psychological health services for all family members over the course of kidney transplants.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.319-329
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to suggest family policy for enactment of Healhty Family Act. Throuh this thesis 2 points are suggested. One point is the orientation and subjects of family policy are contextulized by governancial policy viewpoint. Another point is that family supporting programs are able to povided by 6 areas : Fostering family network and community and family culture, Protecting family(home) and family functin, Developing family strength, Preventing family problems and recovering family(home), Providing information for healthy family and Intigrating of network-nation policy, local government, community and family etc.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.305-316
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate how children from low-income families perceived their family strength, ego-resilience and school adjustment. The relative magnitude of effects of family strength, ego-resilience and school adjustment were compared. Data were collected from 217 children in grade 4 through 6 who were attending local child welfare centers located in Seoul, Korea. The key research findings were as follows. Ego-resilience and perceived family strength were related to school adjustment among children in poverty. The relatively greater effect of ego-resilience implied that programs for children in poverty need to focus on developing interpersonal relationship skills or coping strategies designed to enable children from disadvantaged environments to deal with stressful events and to promote their ego-resilience. Additionally, the recovery or enhancement of family strength and ego-resilience will be effective at protecting and solving various adaptive problems that children from low-income families may experience at school.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.69-84
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to identify caregivers of the elderly, the pattern of the caregivers' caring behaviors, and the cultural principles of patterns of caring behaviors practiced in a Korean minority community, Yanbian. To clarify these, an ethnographic approach was used. The fieldwork for this study was conducted from Aug. 24, 1993 to May 20, 1994. The informants were 16 natives, age 60 or more, who were members of a large family of three generations. The results of the study are as follows. The caregivers for the elderly were family, kinship and community groups. Family caregivers for the elderly were spouses, sons, daughters-in-law, grandchildren, sons of former wives, sons of former husbands, adopted sons. daughters and sons-in-law. The elderly had caregivers who were part of the kinship group. Three community groups provided care for the elderly. The three community groups were Dokbozo. a formal large organization for the elderly. the same age group as an informal small meeting for the elderly, and other community younger groups. The findings of this study indicated that family caregivers, especially spouses and sons, are the significant others of the elderly, and comminuty groups are better caring groups than kinship relatives. This study identified forty-three different kind of caring behaviors. They were divided into fifteen behavior patterns. These patterns integrated into five categories : soo-bal(¼?¹ß), protecting, respect, support, jung(?×). For physical comfort, soo-bal and protecting were conducted. For the comfort of mind, respect. support, and jung were conducted. The comfort of mind are better than physical comfort for the elderly. Cultural principles of caring behaviors were group membership, reciprocity, and harmony. But there was no hierarchy priciple. And these three principles provide best caring together at the same time. This study provides significant data for nursing research, theory and practice.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2020

The Fabaceae family are being used as traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to compare the antioxidant effects as well as the cell protecting effects of extracts of 5 species (Astragalus membranaceus, Caesalpinia sappan L., Glycyrrhiza uralensis F., Pueraria lobate O., Pterocarpus santalinus L.) in Fabaceae family. The extracts from 5 species were tested by radical scavenging activity test, total phenolic contents and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on human liver carcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Anti-oxidant effects of the extracts (5 mg/mL) from C. sappan was 93.49% by radical scavenging activity test. In addition, A. membranaceus extracts showed a weak radical scavenging activity. Anti-oxidant effects of the extracts (5 mg/mL) from A. membranaceus was 7.83% by radical scavenging activity test. Total phenolic contents of the extracts from C. sappan and A. membranaceus were 310.93 mg GAE/g extract, 15.33 mg GAE/g extract, respectively. Cell protecting effects against H₂O₂ treatment were observed at 100 ㎍/mL concentration of C. sappan and P. santalinus extracts. These results suggest that C. sappan and P. santalinus might be best anti-oxidant in Fabaceae family.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.29-35
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• 2016

This study has focused on the transfer of infants and Toddlers-protecting responsibilities from families to infants and Toddlers education agencies due to an increase of a double-income family and nuclear family. It is because there is insufficient safe play space from the moment when infants and Toddlers return from infants and Toddlers education agencies to home due to a high crowding of housing and increase of vehicle, and there can be difficulties to take responsibilities of infants and Toddlers safety with a mere recognition and effort of parent. Thus, to suggest a safety education through mutual contact between the communities and agencies supporting parent role in a level of social welfare, its potential has been identified through a frequency analysis on 60 participants of experimental group who have trained a safety education and 60 participants of control group who have not trained a safety education. As a result of frequency analysis, the increase in safety condition in Korea, safety and development of infants and Toddlers, safety of play materials, and safety knowledge on general part of facility safety has detected and the practice of safety and safety consciousness has also identified to be more effective. The results of this study has shown a potential to verify its efficacy if it is verified through an elaborative model of safety education based on parents of young infants and Toddlers family.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.135-144
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• 2015

Heat shock protein (HSP) 70, the highly conserved stress protein families, plays important roles in protecting cells against heat and other stresses in most animal species. In the present study, we identified and characterized four Hsp70 (RuHSP4, RuHSC70, RuHSP12A, RuGRP78) family proteins based on the expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis of the Korean rose bitterling R. uyekii cDNA library. The deduced RuHSP70 family has high amino acid identities of 72-99% with those of other species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that RuHsp70 family clustered with fish groups (HSP4, HSC70, HSP12A, GRP78) proteins. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed the specific expression patterns of RuHsp70 family members in the early developmental stages and several tissues in Korean rose bitterling. The expression of 4 groups of Hsp70 family was detected in all tested tissue. Particularly, Hsp70 family of Korean rose bitterling is highly expressed in hepatopancreas and sexual gonad (testis and ovary). The expression of Hsp70 family was differentially regulated in accordance with early development stage of Rhodeus uyekii.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.257-270
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• 2000

Poor children are a field of causing of various Issues and become a subject of sympathy, concern and anger, against adult's poor such as sleeper outdoors and unemployed to be made a subject of discussion. This study has theoretically investigated the poverty concept, family trait around poor children. And also for understanding the above status, poverty circumstances have been focused children family and shelter-care children. The conclusions are as follows. First, the family of children head was formed with children under fifteen years of age. It was reported that solo families were 26.4% and living together families with relatives were 64.7%. As status of producing causes, parents death was shown the most rate as 49% and abscondence or missing was 31.9%. Second, In the shelter-care aspect, the highest case is a parents-divorce with 42.5%, while children-head case is just shown 0.5%. Therefore, in a child right viewpoint, it needs more systematical/long-range study on children poverty, and some policies for protecting the poverty-children must be established in social policy.

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.595-606
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• 2006

Metallothioneins are a group of low molecular mass and cysteine-rich metal-binding proteins, ubiquitously found in most living organisms. They play an important role in maintaining intracellular metal homeostasis, eliminating metal toxification and protecting against intracellular oxidative damages. Analysis of complete rice genome sequences revealed eleven genes encoding putative metallothionein (OsMT), indicating that OsMTs constitute a small gene family in rice. Expression profiling revealed that each member of the OsMT gene family differs not only in sequence but also in their tissue expression patterns, suggesting that these isoforms may have different functions they perform in specific tissues. On the basis of OsMT structural and phylogenetic analysis, the OsMT family was classified as two classes and class I was subdivided into four types. Additionally, in this paper we also present a complete overview of this family, describing the gene structure, genome localization, upstream regulatory element, and exon/intron organization of each member in order to provide valuable insight into this OsMT gene family.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.19-39
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and correlated factors of sexual behavior among high school students in Seoul A sample of 233 male and 248 female high school students were analyzed using cross-tabulation and logit regression models. Correlated factors examined include type of school, level of mothers education, perceived living status of family, whether family has two parents or not, and whether students have ever lived away from the family, whether students received reproductive health education at school and whether they have friends with sexual experience, whether students have ever smoking and alcohol drinking. The prevalence of alcohol drinking was 73% among boys and 55% among girls and the prevalence of smoking was 64% of boys and 40% of girls, whereas the prevalence of sexual activity was 27% among boys and 15% among girls. Risk taking was more prevalent among boys than among girls. Multiple risk taking behavior was common for both boys and girls. Students who did not have two parents were more likely to engage in risk taking behavior than those who had two parents. For both boys and girls, the factor that affects their own sexual activity most was having a friend who was sexually active and having an experience of living away from their family also increases the odds. For girls, the factor that affects having experience of alcohol drinking and smoking. Receiving reproductive health education at school had no effect on students sexual behavior. Much higher risk taking behavior with sexual behavior among students in Seoul implies that the overall prevalence of risk taking behavior among high school students was likely to rise as South Korea continues its modernization. In-school and community health education programs need to be modified to be effective in protecting students from risk taking sexual behavior.