• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2021

Endometriosis is a chronic disease associated with pelvic pain and infertility. Several classification systems for the severity of endometriosis have been proposed. Of these, the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification is the most well-known. The ENZIAN classification was developed to classify deep infiltrating endometriosis and focused on the retroperitoneal structures. The endometriosis fertility index was developed to predict the fertility outcomes in patients who underwent surgery for endometriosis. Finally, the American Association of Gynecological Laparoscopists classification is currently being developed, for which 30 endometriosis experts are analyzing and researching data by assigning scores to categories considered important; however, it has not yet been fully validated and published. Currently, none of the classification systems are considered the gold standard. In this article, we review the classification systems, identify their pros and cons, and discuss what improvements need to be made to each system in the future.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.658-668
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• 2009

Earth-moving operation has a great impact on the overall budget and schedule of any heavy civil projects. More often than not, the operational decisions are made largely based on field personnel's experience and judgment. In particular, decisions on earth moving operations by scraper-dozer fleets have been heavily influenced by the following belief: "The longer a dozer pushes a scraper for loading, the better earth-moving productivity is gained by the fleet." Even though there is some truth to this notion, scraper-dozer earth moving operations involve a much complex process that requires a systematic analysis for predicting the maximum production. To this end, this paper presents a spreadsheet-based scraper-dozer fleet operation model for its production optimization. Various optimization techniques, including a genetic-algorithm method, are presented for comparison and each technique's pros and cons are discussed.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.106-119
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• 2023

With the increased number of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets in public repositories, integrative analysis of multiple scRNA-seq datasets has become commonplace. Batch effects among different datasets are inevitable because of differences in cell isolation and handling protocols, library preparation technology, and sequencing platforms. To remove these batch effects for effective integration of multiple scRNA-seq datasets, a number of methodologies have been developed based on diverse concepts and approaches. These methods have proven useful for examining whether cellular features, such as cell subpopulations and marker genes, identified from a certain dataset, are consistently present, or whether their condition-dependent variations, such as increases in cell subpopulations in particular disease-related conditions, are consistently observed in different datasets generated under similar or distinct conditions. In this review, we summarize the concepts and approaches of the integration methods and their pros and cons as has been reported in previous literature.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2023

For three-dimensional finite element welding residual stress simulation, several methods are available. Two widely used methods are the moving heat source model using heat flux and the temperature boundary condition model using the temperature profile of the welded beads. However, each model has pros and cons in terms of calculation times and difficulties in determining welding parameters. In this paper, a new method using the moving temperature profile model is proposed to perform efficiently 3-D FE welding residual stress analysis for large structures. Comparison with existing experimental residual stress measurement data of two-pass welding pipe and SNL(Sandia National Laboratories) mock-up canister shows the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.201-210
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• 2024

The application of ultrasound (US) in pain medicine has been a rapidly growing field since the 2000s. Musculoskeletal injections, peripheral nerve blocks, and neuraxial injections under US guidance have been acknowledged for managing chronic pain. Although many studies on US-guided pain procedures have been published, there needs to be a classification system to evaluate which image device, the US or fluoroscopy, is clinically and technically better in various pain interventions. Therefore, this narrative review introduces the classification system for the US-guided pain procedures according to their clinical and technical outcomes and designates US-guided pain procedures into one of the four categories by reviewing previous prospective randomized comparative trials.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.77-83
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to survey aspects of factors in stages of change and decisional balance on oral examination of adults in their 20s by applying transtheoretical model. Transtheoretical model is the one that was developed in order to explain a human being's behavioral change. The stages of change consist of precontemplation stage, contemplation stage, preparation stage, action stage, and maintenance stage. Decisional balance is utilized with comprising 2 elements such as pros and cons in transtheoretical model, and was mentioned that pros and cons have unique form every behavioral stage of change. As a result of applying the regular oral examination behavior based on transtheoretical model, it was indicated to be precontemplation stage with 79 people(22.1%), contemplation stage with 156 people(43.6%), preparation stage with 38 people(10.6%), action stage with 47 people(13.1%), and maintenance stage with 38 people(10.6%). Subjects, who maintain regular oral examination, were indicated to recognize pros highly in the decision balance. Subjects, who don't have intention of receiving oral examination, were indicated to have characteristic of recognizing cons highly.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.583-589
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• 2020

This study investigated perceptions and opinions on medical personnel related to dental hygienists. The subjects of this study were 25 students, including dentistry students, dental hygiene students, dental technology students, and nursing students. The survey items consisted of general information, the pros and cons of medical hygienists and their reasons, the scope of legal work, medical practice, and the professionalism of dental hygienists. Frequency analysis and 𝑥²-tests were used for the analysis method. As a result of the study, the pros and cons of the dental hygienist's medicalization were 56.2% in favor and 40% in opposition. There were significant differences in the opinions of the dental hygienists involved with medical hygiene by 90% and 25% in nursing students. In addition, there was a significant difference in the perception of the legal work of dental hygienists and the rate of recognition of medical activities among the departments. In conclusion, it is expected that understanding and support for dental hygienists will be achieved only if proper knowledge and education about dental hygienists are made available in other departments.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.18
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• pp.8573-8578
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• 2016

Background: This study was guided by principles of the theoretical system of evidence-based medicine. In particular, when searching for evidence of breast cancer, a measuring scale is an instrument for evaluating curative effects in accordance with the laws and characteristics of medicine and exploring the establishment of a system for medically assessing curative effects. At present, there exist few tools for evaluating curative effects. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) refer to outcomes directly reported by patients (without input or explanations from doctors or other intermediaries) with respect to all aspects of their health. Data obtained from PROs provide evidence of treatment effects. Materials and Methods: In accordance with the tenets of theoretical medicine and ancient medical theory regarding breast cancer, principles for developing a PRO scale were established, and a theoretical model was developed and a literature review was performed, items from this pool were combined and split, and an initial scale was constructed. After a pilot survey and additional modifications, a pre-questionnaire scale was formed and used in a field investigation. After the application of statistical methods, the item pool was used to create a formal scale. The reliability, validity and feasibility of this formal scale were then assessed. Results: In a clinical investigation, 479 responses were recovered, with an acceptance rate of 95%. a combination of various methods was employed, and the items that were selected by all methods or more than half of the methods were employed in the questionnaire. In these cases, the screening methods were combined with certain features of the item, A total of four domains and 38 items were reserved. The reliability analysis indicated that the PRO scale was relatively reliable. Conclusions: Scientific assessment proved that the proposed scale exhibited good reliability and validity. This scale was readily accepted and could be used to assess the curative effects of medical therapy. However, given the limited scope of this investigation, the capacity for adapting this scale to incorporate other theories could not be determined.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2008

In gastric cancer, the only potentially curative treatment is surgery that attempts to achieve curative (R0) resection. However, despite the use of curative resection, a recurrence develops in a high percentage of patients, especially in cases of serosa and/or lymph node involvement. As a strategy to improve the survival of the patients with resectable advanced gastric cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been evaluated in several phase II trials and a few phase III trials. The results of these trials have confirmed the feasibility and safety of this approach with no apparent increase in surgical complications. Recently, the findings of a large phase III randomized trial (MAGIC trial) have indicated that compared to the use of surgery alone, perioperative chemotherapy, using both a neoadjuvant and adjuvant strategy, decreased the number of T and N stage cancers and improved survival. The results of another recent phase III trial (FNLCC 94012/FFCD 9703) also showed that compared to the use of surgery alone, perioperative chemotherapy improved the R0 resection rate and survival. In both trials, the improved outcomes may be attributed to the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy because of poor compliance with adjuvant chemotherapy. These results cannot be directly translated to clinical practice in Korea due to differences in surgical techniques and outcomes. However, the findings of a few small phase II and III trials performed in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer in Korea have also suggested that neoadjuvant chemotherapy would result in the improvement of the R0 resection rate and down-staging of the disease. More effective chemotherapy regimens are needed in future large randomized trials to determine the subset of patients that will benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy and to determine the extent of benefit.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.312-318
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to activate marina development by empirically analyzing the development determinants of the marina, to provide the basic date for the effective implementation of 'the 2nd Marina Port Basic Plan' and marina industrial development. To accomplish the study goal, the survey was conducted with 356 locals residing in five marina development regions of three districts. The factors relative to the marina development included general characteristics such as age, income level, interest group, residential area, and the reasons of conflicts such as collectivism, exclusion from the development process, and the environmental problems. The marina development pros and cons (approval or opposition) and marina development conflict types (profit or value conflict) were used as the dependent variables. The following results were obtained by using the SPSS 25.0 statistical program to perform the technical statistics, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and logistic regression analysis. First, as a result of analyzing the marina development pros and cons, age, income level, interest group, residential area, and residence period among demographic characteristics were significant. Second, the factors of collectivism and exclusion of development process among the causes of conflict were significant. Third, age, income level, and residential area among demographic characteristics were significant factors.