• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.644-656
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• 2014

In recent years, a series of large-scale disastrous accidents have been occurred frequently both in public and private sector. Such disasters become catastrophe due to poor early response and delayed prompt rescue. Damage from catastrophe could have been drastically reduced or minimized with effective response and recovery management. The smart phone-based mobile applications have important potentials in providing solutions for the effective response and recovery management. Mobile applications can greatly improve risk communication in case of disasters by integrating process of exchange information and data on risk among risk evaluators, risk managers, and other interested parties. In this light of potentials, this study investigates the measures and management to better manage early responses and to effectively deal with domestic disaster-related of the status of public applications service, and utilization. This study examines how disaster applications can be better used and how effective information dissemination through applications could help the post-disaster management process. Based on this findings, it proposes a guideline of effective disaster-related applications by public sector for the future development of actual services and activation solutions. The results show that "User Promptness Side" and "Content Believability Side" factors found to be the two most significant factors in the disaster-related applications by public sector. Discussion and implications are discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.71-80
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• 1982

In the present communication, the results will be reported on a clinical study of how well scintigraphic visualization of the hepatobiliary elements and several commonly used clinical liver function tests correlate each other in various diseases oft hepatobiliary system. The demonstrability of the biliary tract, gallbladder (GB) and duodenum was rather closely paralleled to serum bilirubin level and less closely to alkaline phosphatase and rather poorly to SGOT and SGPT. The biliary tree could not be visualized scintigraphically when bilirubin exceeded 10.5mg/dl. The usefulness of Tc-99m EHIDA [N-(2,6-diethylacetanilido) iminodiacetic acid, made by Amersham, England] hepatobiliary scintigraphy (Tc EHIDA HBS) in settling diagnostic controversy and ambiguity raised by oral cholecystography, intravenous cholangiography and ultrasonography in many hepatobiliary diseases is well known. The purpose of this investigation was to semiquantitatively evaluate the scintigraphic demonstrability of the hepatobiliary tract, GB and duodenum following intravenous injection of Tc-99m EHIDA in normal subjects and in patients with a disturbed liver function from various hepatobiliary diseases. The hepatobiliary scintigraphy was performed in 10 normal subjects and 39 patients with various hepatobiliary diseases (Table 1) at the Dept. of Radiology, St. Mary's Hospital Catholic Medical College, Seoul, Korea during 2 years period from September 1979. Scintigraphic examination was started at end of 3 minutes after intravenous injection of Tc-99m EHIDA in the amount of $50{\mu}Ci/kg$ and was continued until after 30 minutes at 5 minutes interval. The imaging was usually terminated when the tracer could be seen in the duodenum. Late scintigrams were obatained at 1 1/2, 3, 4 and 6 hours when reeded. Scintigrams were analyzed in terms of promptness and clarity of visualization of the biliary tree, GB and duodenum and demonstrability of these anatomical landmarks was correlated with the values of liver function tests. The demonstrability of the common hepatic duct, common bile duct, GB and duodenum was closely paralleled to the level of serum bilirubin when it is less than 10.5 mg/dl as shown in figure 1. However when the bilirubin exceeded 10.5 mg/dl the time of visualization between protracted reaching a flat curve or plateau around 10.5 mg/dl. The biliary tract could not be visualized when the bilirubin was higher than 10.5 mg/dl. The correlability between scintigraphic demonstration and serum alkaline phosphatase was less strong and between scintigraphic demonstration and SGOT and SGPT was rather poor. The present clinical study confirmed the usefulness and limitation of Tc-99m EHIDA hepatobiliary scintigraphy in visulizing and diagnosing the biliary system and duodenum when radiogrpahy and ultrasonography failed to provide useful informations. Scintigraphy was very helpful in the diagnosis of neonatal hepatitis, biliary atresia, cholecystitis and extrahepatic biliary obstruction. The hepatobiliary system and duodenum were visualized when serum bilirubin level was less than 10.5 mg/dl, SGOT 135 units, SGPT 114 units and alkaline phosphatase 52.2 KAU.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 1994

To find out the effects of preharvest sprouted degrees of barley on yield, grain quality and germination rate, various sprouted grains were planted. The grains sprouted upto 2 mm and 4mm of root lengths showed regerminating rates of 68% and 49% respectively, and those above 4mm of root length decreased seriously in regerminating rate. First of all, the PI (promptness index) of sprouted barley compared with that of intact barley decreased conspicuously even in 2mm of root length. Grain yield decreased inversely with the growth of root lengths of sprouted grains. The times required to polish the naked barley up to polishing yield of 72% and husked one upto that of 64% were shortened inversely with the root lengths of sprouted grains. The rate of split kernel against sound one after polishing increased greatly by 17.6% to 36% in sprouted barley compared to 2% to 3.5% of the control which presoaked in water for 2 hours. Whiteness indexes of polished kernels of the sprouted barley and the control were higher than that of intact one. The index, however, was lowered inversely with root lengths in sprouted barley.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.565-576
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• 2020

This study compares and analyzes satisfaction with Korean and Canadian primary medical care based on a survey of Koreans living in Canada. Based on data collected from Koreans who live in Canada, a paired sample t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and GLM were used. The main conclusions of this study are as follows. First, overall satisfaction with Korean primary care was high. Second, the results of the analysis were stable, regardless of gender, age, education, and residential area. Third, overall satisfaction with Korean medical care was higher than for medical care in Canada. Fourth, satisfaction was high in terms of treatment skill and technology, and promptness in appointments, but was low in terms of medical expense. Fifth, there was a high level of confidence in physician skills and practices, but there was no significant difference in terms of sufficient counseling and explanations. Finally, the survey found that the tendency to increase medical treatment volume in order to increase a physician's own income was large. As a result of detailed analysis, it was concluded that Korea's primary care is more competitive than in Canada, but the primary medical doctors' patient interview and explanation obligations, and incentives to control income and medical expenses, need to be improved.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.897-903
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• 1999

Many out patients of the rehabilitation center complaint a pain caused by suffering of MPS, and it brings many different kind of social and ecinomical problems such as medical expenses and the reduction in work efficiency. Therefore, we conducted a research to present a fast and effective treatment to the MPS patients. this research was conducted from November, 1996 to January 1998 with eighteen outpatients who agreed to be the subjects to our reserach. We applied the electric acupuncture on 28 different trigger point on the patients with mostly muscular-skeletal pain and some tender and radiating pain. After the treatment, VRS, VAS, PRI were used to measure the degree of the pain on the patients third and seventh visits, and following results were found. 1. To apply EAP treatment, we acupunctured 6em-Iong needles on Tps region, then the electrodes of pulse generater pg-306 E.S.T were connected on the top of the needles. the electric acupuncture therapy was conducted for 20 minutes with the intensity of 4hz - 60hz(auto wave). The treated electric intensity was the level at which the patients did not feel discomfort. 2. Thirteen out of the 18 participated patients were in their 30s and 40s(72.2%), showing highest frequency. There were more female than male with the ratio of 1 to 1:2. 3. six out of the participated patients (33.3%) had the pain for less then a week, and the average duration of the pain of the participated patients wear 0.8 years. 4. The pain occured mostly in the upper trapezius by 6 part (21.4%), then in the gluteus medius region by 4 part (14.3%). Many of the patients with the pain in the upper back area accompanied varios kind of the referred pains such as radiculopathy, HIVD and Frozen shoulder. 5. MPS occured more frequently on the right side than left side then left side and it seemed to be due to the frequent use of the right hand. 6. There was almost no difference in the measurement of the intensity of the pain right before and after the EAP treatment. Howerver, there was significant decrease in the numerical values of the VAS, and a little bit of decrease in the numerical values of the PRI after the EAP treatment. 7. Based on the results of this present research, it can be concluded that EAP can be used for the treating the myofascial pain syndrome with promptness and safety in most cases.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.3-26
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• 2005

Since the Agreement on Commercial Arbitration was signed by the Governments of South and North Korea last year, there has been quite a few discussions on the way for implementing the Agreement in both public and private sectors. The Department of Justice of South Korea was quite active in making the draft of arbitration rules representing the South Korean views in alliance with the Department of Reunification of South Korea and recently held an informal seminar to preview their draft. On the other hand, the Korea Arbitration Association, a main body of commercial arbitration which are composed of professors and lawyers, were carefully watching the steps and the draft made by the Department of Justice. The reasons are to assure that not only shall the commercial arbitration rules comply with comment norms of international arbitration but shall it be made to meet the needs of enterprises investing in the Special Economic District of Kaesung City in North Korea. The concerns of the Korea Arbitration Association can be accomplished if the Department of Justice would modify the provisions pointed out in the seminars. Five general principles shall be brought into the attention in promulgating the commercial arbitration rules. First, it should comply with the Agreement on Commercial Arbitration signed by South and North Korea. Second, it should accept common rules contained in UNCITRAL arbitration rules. Third, it should boost the promptness of proceedings when a case was filed. Fourth, it should feature unique aspects of trade between South Korea and Korea by differentiating it from purely international trade between a country and a country. Lastly, it should combine the respective rules of both South and North Korea, currently in effect. With the above five principles accomplished, it should be noted that the Agreement on Commercial Arbitration the upper authority of arbitration rules, mandates the following features. It declared that arbitration be processed by three arbitrators. Single arbitrator is not permitted. Arbitration can be adopted even if an arbitration clause does not exist in an agreement by the parties, provided that the dispute arose out of the scope of the Agreement on investment Guarantee signed by South Korea and North Korea. It excluded quick and simplified procedures even if the amount of claim in arbitration is minimal. All the procedures should take a formal procedure. It let the double administration offices operate. One is to sit in Seoul of South Korea and the other is to sit in Pyongyang of North Korea. This would intimidate the fastness of procedures. With the above principles and the features considered, each provision in the draft by the Department of Justice should be reviewed and suggested for change.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.243-249
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• 2007

In this paper we introduce a system that assists news reporters to easily edit source video anywhere, and transfer the result from a remote site to the station. Presently reporters are bothered to edit source materials, compress and transfer using several separate tools. Moreover such tools have lots of too complicated features to use only for news production. We have integrated file sending and video editing functions together for seamless workflow. News programs usually need promptness in production. For this reason our system is designed to make it possible the one-stop production of news items outside the TV station. Also the system reflects the demands of field workers, that is, easy usage for the beginner and features for speedy news production. One of the most focused is that the reliability of the system is guaranteed in the process of transfer. To achieve this end, we have implemented several error-resilient schemes for unexpected network errors. Our system consists of remote laptop editing terminals and a newsgathering server. DV-format based editing and analog-to-DV converting device are adopted to capture video from not only lightweight DV camcorders but also old-fashioned ENG cameras into laptop computers. We expect that news reporters and cameramen can take terminals anywhere the Internet is available and both editing and sending will be done on the spot. This will help increase the competitive power of our news production.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.161-174
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• 2000

Bayesian inversion is a stable approach to infer the subsurface structure with the limited data from geophysical explorations. In geophysical inverse process, due to the finite and discrete characteristics of field data and modeling process, some uncertainties are inherent and therefore probabilistic approach to the geophysical inversion is required. Bayesian framework provides theoretical base for the confidency and uncertainty analysis for the inference. However, most of the Bayesian inversion require the integration process of high dimension, so massive calculations like a Monte Carlo integration is demanded to solve it. This method, though, seemed suitable to apply to the geophysical problems which have the characteristics of highly non-linearity, we are faced to meet the promptness and convenience in field process. In this study, by the Gaussian approximation for the observed data and a priori information, fast Bayesian inversion scheme is developed and applied to the model problem with electric well logging and dipole-dipole resistivity data. Each covariance matrices are induced by geostatistical method and optimization technique resulted in maximum a posteriori information. Especially a priori information is evaluated by the cross-validation technique. And the uncertainty analysis was performed to interpret the resistivity structure by simulation of a posteriori covariance matrix.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.3-16
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• 2020

Recently, as the fashion e-commerce market has expanded, the proportion of online shops that are growing rapidly has increased and with them so too has competition. Most retailers operating online shops need their own competitiveness, and accordingly, the need to develop their logistics service quality components is increasing. This study investigated the quality of the logistics services, which is a factor of the logistics service quality of the internet shop. It influences customer satisfaction and repurchase intention by collecting samples from the customers using online fashion shops. Two hundred customers who shop online were surveyed to extract the data. The sample was subjected to basic statistical analysis using the SPSS 25.0 package, and factor analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation analysis were performed. The results of this study showed that the information quality of proactive return, promptness of the return process, and reliability of the return cost had a positive impact on customer satisfaction, and it had a significant influence on the customer's repurchase intention to the online store. A selection of shops showed high amounts of return reasons, high customer satisfaction, and high repurchase, whereas, in general, many others scored poorly across these criteria. This suggests that a retailer operating online should consider pages for receiving information plus sales content in addition to the quality and constituent factors of its logistics services for returns that influence repurchase and satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.297-315
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• 1992

Caring has been identified as the essence and unifying domin of nursing(Leininger). Many nurses believe that the art of nursing is comprised of actions that are predominantly caring in nature. Although caring has been the traditional ideology of nurses, it is only now beginning to emerge as the central construct for the development of nut sing research, theory and practice. The problem addressed by this study was to identify how hospitalized children and their nurses express the meaning of caring, how they think nurses should care for children and to describe their experiences of being cared for. The purpose was to provide theoretical understanding of caring as perceived in Korea to contribute to the development of Korean nursing knowledge. The subjects were 76 hospitalized children admitted to pediatric units in five teaching hospitals and 66 nurses who were caring for these children. In this descriptive study, data were collected from Nov 11, 1991 to Jan 30, 1992 by interviews and an open-ended questionnaire and analysed by van Kaam's method. Caring themes perceived by the children and their nurses were classified into eight categories, -helping, comfort, love, warmth(only by children), recovery from illness, health maintenance (only by nurses), presence, nurturance and responsibility. Ideal caring behaviors perceived by the children and their nurses were six categories, -to give help, provide comfort, give love, stay with, treat warmly and aid recovery. Subcategories of giving help were promptness and competence, detailed explanations and support and encouragement. Other subcategories of giving help reported only by nurses were individualizing care, recognizing needs and providing a familiar enviornment. Subcategories of maintaining comfort were making comfortable, alleviating pain ; one subcategory reported only by children was consolating. A subcategory of giving love was concern, two subcategories reported only by nurses were compassion and respect. Subcategories of staying with were playing with and touching : only nurses reported empathy, Subcategories of treating warmly were tenderness and kindness. In the experience of caring, there were 4 categories, -to give help, stay with, show concern and provide comfort. Both the hospitalized children and their nurses had experienced caring primarily from their mothers. Mothers' caring behaviors were direct, personal, basic, supportive nursing acts. On the other hand, nurses caring behaviors were task oriented skilled procedures and medically delegated acts. This study contributes understanding of the complexity of caring, more specifically the meaning and experience of caring and ideal caring behaviors. Research may be able to move into verification when instruments are developed to measure the complexity of caring beliefs, values and behaviors in Korea and other cultural settings.