• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.188-201
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• 2020

Objective : The purpose of this study was to suggest that computed tomography angiography (CTA) is valuable as the only preliminary examination for mechanical thrombectomy (MT). MT after single examination of CTA including noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) and maximum intensity projection (MIP) improves door-to-puncture time as well as results in favorable outcomes. Methods : A total of 157 patients who underwent MT at Dong Kang Medical Center from April 2015 to March 2019 were divided into two groups based on the examination performed prior to MT : CTA group who underwent CTA with NCCT and MIP, and NCCT+magnetic resonance image (MRi) group who underwent MRI including perfusion images after NCCT. In the two groups, time to CTA imaging or NCCT+MRi imaging after symptom onset, and time to arterial puncture and reperfusion were characterized as time-related outcomes. The evaluation of vascular recanalization after MT was defined as a modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI) scale. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was assessed at the time of the visit to the emergency room and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was assessed after 90 days. Results : Typically, there were 34 patients in the CTA group and 33 patients in the NCCT+MRi group. A significantly shorter delay for door-to-puncture time was observed (mean, 86±22.1 vs. 176±47.5 minutes; <0.01). Also, a significantly shorter door-to-imege time in the CTA group was observed (mean, 13±6.8 vs. 93±30.8 minutes; p<0.01). Moreover, a significantly shorter onset-to-puncture time was observed (mean, 195±128.0 vs. 314±157.6 minutes; p<0.01). Reperfusion result of mTICI ≥2b was 100% (34/34) in the CTA group and 94% (31/33) in the NCCT+MRi group, and mTICI 3 in 74% (25/34) in the CTA group and 73% (24/33) in the NCCT+MRi group. Favorable functional outcomes (mRS score ≤2 at 90 days) were 68% (23/34) in the CTA group and 60% (20/33) in the NCCT+MRi group. Conclusion : A single-phase CTA including NCCT and MIP images was performed as a single preliminary examination, which led to a reduction in the time of the procedure and resulted in good results of prognosis. Consequently, it is concluded that this method is of sufficient value as the only preliminary examination for decision making.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.49
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• pp.33-58
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• 2017

As a living space, house constitutes a good part of inhabitants' life, making the rhythm of life. This rhythm tends to be reflected into the house, establishing a sort of intercommunications between the house and its inhabitants. Becoming a living element, the house can endow the writer with literary resources. It is interrelated with its inhabitants. Thus, Duras' work preserves many invisible and fusional traces of links between her characters and the house. With her writing, the house displays important traces of life, with which a body of meaning is to be formed. It implies habits, imprints, links, and so on. Here, its projection into the imaginary also takes place for our writer. With this perspective in view, Duras is supposed to objectify her characters as physical and imaginary bodies. This introduces the passage from the real to the imaginary and vice versa. Unknown stories hidden behind the living places can come to manifest themselves through her writing.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.209-218
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• 2008

According to improved radiation therapy technology such as IMRT and proton therapy, the accuracy of patient alignment system is more emphasized and IGRT is dominated research field in radiation oncology. We proposed to study the feasibility of cone-beam CT system using simple x-ray imaging systems for image guided proton therapy at National Cancer Center. 180 projection views ($2,304{\times}3,200$, 14 bit with 127 ${\mu}m$ pixel pitch) for the geometrical calibration phantom and humanoid phantoms (skull, abdomen) were acquired with $2^{\circ}$ step angle using x-ray imaging system of proton therapy gantry room ($360^{\circ}$ for 1 rotation). The geometrical calibration was performed for misalignments between the x-ray source and the flat-panel detector, such as distances and slanted angle using available algorithm. With the geometrically calibrated projection view, Feldkamp cone-beam algorithm using Ram-Lak filter was implemented for CBCT reconstruction images for skull and abdomen phantom. The distance from x-ray source to the gantry isocenter, the distance from the flat panel to the isocenter were calculated as 1,517.5 mm, 591.12 mm and the rotated angle of flat panel detector around x-ray beam axis was considered as $0.25^{\circ}$. It was observed that the blurring artifacts, originated from the rotation of the detector, in the reconstructed toomographs were significantly reduced after the geometrical calibration. The demonstrated CBCT images for the skull and abdomen phantoms are very promising. We performed the geometrical calibration of the large gantry rotation system with simple x-ray imaging devices for CBCT reconstruction. The CBCT system for proton therapy will be used as a main patient alignment system for image guided proton therapy.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.133-142
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• 2020

In this research, we describe the method of implementing a 360-degree panorama using one projector, in terms of hardware and in the production of projected pre-distortion images. We propose a method of installing a projector and a reflector on the central ceiling of the space to minimize the shadows generated based on the position of the spectators. We used a virtual camera and virtual space where the projector and hemisphere positions were set to the same as in the exhibition space in Unity. After the image projected on the screen was mapped on the wall of the virtual space, the pre-distortion image was created by the method of capturing from the virtual camera using the ray tracing technique. When the produced pre-distortion image is hemispherical reflected and projected by the projector installed at the same position as the virtual camera, the image is reflected and projected 360 degrees on the panoramic screen.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 2008

Purpose: Aortic Dissection is very dangerous, prognostic disease, which the bloodstream flow out of the true lumen of the aorta by the bursting of aortic intima resulting in a rapid dissociation of inner and outer layer from the media. It is difficult to diagnose aortic dissection clinically by normal X-ray. This study was to investigate the occurrence frequency by age and number of patients who are identified to be aortic dissection by CT (Computed Tomography) scan. Materials and methods: We investigated the trend of yearly fluctuation, gender, age, and department of clinical research of the 112 patients who conducted CT scan in C- University Hospital for two years from January 2005 to December 2006. The MIP and SSD which reconstructed CT image and the VRT image were obtained for the accurate observation. The result was investigated by comparing normal X-ray and CT scan. Results and Conclusion: 1. The yearly check of 112 patients conducted CT scan showed 37 people (41.9%) in 2005, and it was increased to 65 (58.1%) in 2006 by 1.4 times. 2. The gender distribution of patients given a CT scan showed 45 males (40.1%), and female 67 (59.9 %). The aortic dissection patients were 9 (20%) out of 45 males, 21 (31.3%) out of 67 females and women were 1.6 times more than men. Women are also 1.5 times more than men in the number of examinee. 3. The age distribution of patient's who conducted CT scan revealed that there was no patient under 30 years old while 88.3% of all patients were through 41 to 80 years old. The higher the age was, the higher the occurrence of aortic dissection was. The difference in the occurrence frequency of age was statistically significant (p<0.01). 4. The departments that requested CT scan were the emergency department 46 (41.1%), circulatory internal medicine 37 (33.0%), chest surgery 13 (11.6%), and others 6 (14.3%). The combined ratio of emergency medicine and circulatory internal medicine was 74.1% of all. The results show that the aortic dissection is a very dangerous disease whose patients visit mainly via the emergency room. 5. The aortic dissection patients had normal X-ray readings in 22 (73.3%) out of 30, and only 8 (26.7 percent) are abnormal in the X-ray diagnosis. Therefore, the CT scan needs to be enforced in order to assess accurately the disease of aortic dissection.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.92-106
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• 2017

This paper examines the validity of issuing municipal bonds for land compensation of long-term unexecuted urban parks and greenbelts. Then it suggests that municipal bonds should be issued for compensation priority areas with high rising prices. By conducting correlation analysis and PLS(Partial Least Squares) regression for 32 long-term unexecuted urban parks and greenbelts, the factors were identified that affected 'rising prices of IAPLP(Individually Announced Public Land Price) after seven years'. According to the analysis results, Variable Importance in the Projection in PLS regression was higher in 'IAPLP of base year(1.919)' and 'Accumulated rising Rates of average IAPLP in the borough(1.176).' The implications of this study are as follows. In Seoul, the accumulated rising rates of average IAPLP over the past 12 years is higher than the accumulated interest rates for seven years of urban planning facility bonds, which means that IAPLP have risen more than the interest payments due to the issuance of municipal bonds. In addition, since the actual compensation is three times that of IAPLP, it is judged that the land price is actually much higher than the interest payments. This shows that issuing municipal bonds and preferentially compensating for areas like high rising land prices can increase the economic efficiency of the budget execution. Also, for economic efficiency of budget execution, it is necessary to propose an 'area with high IAPLP' or 'a part in the borough with high rising rate of average IAPLP,' which is expected to have a high rising land price as criteria for compensation priority areas. In the future, when issuing municipal bonds to compensate long-term unexecuted urban parks and greenbelts, variousresearch on financing for municipal bonds repayment should be conducted.