• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.72-82
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• 2018

Generally speaking, because of complexity of engineering process, the systems engineering may be not easy to understand clearly and not easy to perform also. The status of systems engineering infrastructure of the some Korean industry is not matured yet, i.e., the systems engineering process, method, tool and environment is not implemented consistently within the steel making industry. These difficulties are more severe at the concept and basic design phase than the detail design phase relatively. Korean industry has lots of development project for the precedented systems and usually has matured domain knowledge for the precedented systems. Even though there is a mature domain knowledge of the precedented systems, the development project will lead to failure under the condition of engineering system is not well equipped. For the project success, it is very important to have a proper engineering execution system especially for the concept design and basic phase, which has a high abstraction and a large influence on the whole project. This paper proposes a minimized design process that can be easily applied to the concept and basic design phase of the precedented systems, instead of complex system engineering processes. This paper also proposes the application case of the minimized design process and methods for a Blast Furnace System.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.343-352
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• 2020

Modular integrated construction (MiC) is an innovative construction method where components of a building are manufactured in an offsite factory, trucked to the job site in sections, set in place with cranes, and assembled together to form a whole building. Where circumstances merit, favorable conditions exist and implemented effectively; MiC improves project performance. However, several key factors need to converge during implementation to realize the full benefits of MiC. Thus, a thorough understanding of the factors which are critical to the success of MiC projects is imperative. Drawing on a systematic review of 47 empirical studies, this research identified 25 key success factors (KSFs) for MiC projects. Of these, the five topmost cited KSFs for MiC projects include effective working collaboration and communication among project participants; standardization, optimization, automation and benchmarking of best practices; effective supply chain management; early design freeze and completion; and efficient procurement method and contracting. The study further proposed a conceptual model of the KSFs, highlighting the interdependences of people, processes, and technology-related KSFs for the effective accomplishment of MiC projects. The set of KSFs is practically relevant as they constitute a checklist of items for management to address and deal with during the planning and execution of MiC projects. They also provide a useful basis for future empirical studies tailored towards measuring the performance and success of MiC projects. MiC project participants and stakeholders will find this research useful in reducing failure risks and achieving more desired performance outcomes. One potential impact of the study is that it may inform, guide, and improve the successful implementation of MiC projects in the construction industry. However, the rigor of the analysis and relative importance ranking of the KSFs were limited due to the absence of data.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.456-467
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• 2018

This study analyzed the repeated causes of policy failure focusing on Yangyang International Airport cases. Yangyang International Airport, which opened in 2002, was built with about 360 billion won, but it is considered as a representative example of policy failure of local airports. According to the policy failure theory, the failure factors of Yangyang International Airport are anlyzed by rationalistic, political, and environmental complexity viewpoint. The results are as follows. First, from a rationalist point of view, Yangyang Airport failed to achieve the policy goal of securing passengers and revitalizing local economy, This is due to the pressure of politics and the lack of geographical infrastructure. Second, the failure of the stakeholders to resolve conflicts in the flow of politics can be seen as the conflict between the airline and the airport, and the failure to reconcile conflicts between the government and the airports on the low cost airline permits and subsidies. Third, from the viewpoint of environmental complexity, Yangyang International Airport can be regarded as a failure to adapt to environmental changes such as the opening of nearby expressways and railway lines, and the sharp decline of Chinese tourists. This study sugeests the establishment of an independent organization that can prevent unreasonable business promotion by politics in the case of large scale national projects, the linkage with the surrounding infrastructure and related businesses in the case of transportation facilities such as airports and railways, and institutionalization of cooperative governance for coordinating conflict among stakeholders.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.32-40
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• 2011

The PPPs(public private partnerships) which was introduced in the later part of the 1990s has grown since 2005, with the beginning of BTL(Build Transfer Lease) type which retrieves the investment by receiving the lease payment from the government. As application areas and scale of the PPPs have been further expanded, it is expected the demand on special purpose facilities will be increased. We do know only successful foreign practices of the PPPs but have rarely consider the failure cases. Therefore, this paper derives implications by analyzing the case of National physical laboratory project which is known as a typical failure case of UK's PFI. We find that from the perspective of governance, the reasons leading to the failure of business are an insufficient of technical rationality, unsettled social relationships and inefficient risk management. Based on the case study, this study shows how to improve management system for special purpose PPPs business in Korea.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.298-308
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• 2024

Sine oculis homeobox 1 (Six1) is an important factor for embryonic development and carcinoma malignancy. However, the localization of Six1 varies due to protein size and cell types in different organs. In this study, we focus on the expression and localization of Six1 in male reproductive organ via bioinformatics analysis and immunofluorescent detection. The potential interacted proteins with Six1 were also predicted by protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and Enrichr analysis. Bioinformatic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression project databases showed that SIX1 was highly expressed in normal human testis, but low expressed in the testicular germ cell tumor sample. Human Protein Atlas examination verified that SIX1 level was higher in normal than that in cancer samples. The sub-localization of SIX1 in different reproductive tissues varies but specifically in the cytoplasm and membrane in testicular cells. In mouse cells, single cell RNA-sequencing data analysis indicated that Six1 expression level was higher in mouse spermatogonial stem cells (mSSCs) and differentiating spermatogonial than in other somatic cells. Immunofluorescence staining showed the cytoplasmic localization of Six1 in mouse testis and mSSCs. Further PPIs and Enrichr examination showed the potential interaction of Six1 with bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp4) and catenin Beta-1 (CtnnB1) and stem cell signal pathways. Cytoplasmic localization of Six1 in male testis and mSSCs was probably associated with stem cell related proteins Bmp4 and CtnnB1 for stem cell development.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.3-11
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• 2016

Recently, overseas plant orders of domestic enterprises are steadily increased, and the amount of orders in the first half of 2014 were 93% increased compared to the previous year. In addition, now which is the third quarter of 2015, overseas plant orders are already over 249.8 billion dollars so the interests of plant industry research has been increased. In the life cycle of the plant project, CM before the construction stage is to complement the uncertainties that are inherent in the early stages of the project, and from the viewpoint of supporting the rational decision-making, the importance of its role is on the rise. Among them, excavating and investing participation plan in the planning stage is an important work that has a large impact force to influence the success and failure of future project. However, the work has become a problem with frequent consultations due to decision-making, continuous modification, and inefficient repetitive tasks. Therefore, it is needed that work process should be changed to effectively accommodate. The purpose of this paper is to derive the major work items for excavating and investing participation plan in the planning stage of the plant project, and establish a standardized work process through the Delphi analysis. The result of this study is expected to be utilized for EPC companies in ensuring the technical competitiveness in planning on overseas markets, and improve the efficiency of work.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2004

Stone column is a soil improvement method and can be applicable for loose sand or weak cohesive soil. Since the lack of sand in korea, stone column seems one of the most adaptable approach for poor ground as a soil improvement technique. However, this method was not studied for practical application. In this paper, the most affective design parameters for the bearing capacity of stone column were studied. The parametric study of major design factors for single stone column was carried out under the bulging and general shear failure condition, respectively. Especially, a test result of single stone column by static load was compared with the bearing capacity values of suggested formulas. The analysis result showed that the ultimate bearing capacity by the formula was much less than the measured value by the static load test. Especially, the result of the parametric study under general shear failure condition showed that the bearing capacity has big difference between each suggested formulas with the variation of the major design parameters. Therefore, the result of this study can be appliable for the future stone column project.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.23-37
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• 1985

This studies were carried out to get characteristics of frequency distribution, probable flood flows according to the return periods, and the correlation between return periods and those length of records affect the Risk of failure in the annual maximum series of the main river systems in Korea. Especially, Risk analysis according to the levels were emphasized in relation to the design frequency factors for the different watersheds. Twelve watersheds along Han, Geum, Nak Dong, Yeong San and Seom Jin river basin were selected as studying basins. The results were analyzed and summarized as follows. 1. Type 1 extremal distribution was newly confirmed as a good fitted distribution at selected watersheds along Geum and Yeong San river basin. Three parameter lognormal Seom Jin river basin. Consequently, characteristics of frequency distribution for the extreme value series could be changed in connection with the watershed location even the same river system judging from the results so far obtained by author. 2. Evaluation of parameters for Type 1 extremal and three parameter lognormal distribution based on the method of moment by using an electronic computer. 3. Formulas for the probable flood flows were derived for the three parameter lognormal and Type 1 extremal distribution. 4. Equations for the risk to failure could be simplified as $\frac{n}{N+n}$ and $\frac{n}{T}$ under the condition of non-parametric method and the longer return period than the life of project, respectively. 5. Formulas for the return periods in relation to frequency factors were derived by the least square method for the three parameter lognormal and Type 1 extremal distribution. 6. The more the length of records, the lesser the risk of failure, and it was appeared that the risk of failure was increasing in propotion to the length of return periods even same length of records. 7. Empirical formulas for design frequency factors were derived from under the condition of the return periods identify with the life of Hydraulic structure in relation to the risk level. 8. Design frequency factor was appeared to be increased in propotion to the return periods while it is in inverse proportion to the levels of the risk of failure. 9. Derivation of design flood including the risk of failure could be accomplished by using of emprical formulas for the design frequency factor for each watershed.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.129.1-129.1
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• 2010

Since the commencement of the fuel cell business in 2007, POSCO POWER has been the major supplier of the MCFC (Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell), which is the most commercialized stationary fuel cell system in the world. With its quite, yet active movement, more than 20MW MCFC systems have been installed and are operating in Korea. While trying to localize the components and set up a firm supply chain in Korea to provide more reliable and cost-competitive products to its customers, POSCO POWER is also devoting itself to developing new MCFC application products. One such product is a back-up power system, in which a back-up algorithm is embedded to the present system so that the product can work as a back-up generator in case of grid failure. The technology to enhance load following capability of a stack module is also being developed with the back-up algorithm. Another example is a building application, the goal being to make the present Sub-MW product suitable for urban area. For this, downsizing and modularization are the main R&D scope. The project for developing ship service fuel cell for APU application will launch soon as well. In the project, a system which can operate in marine environment, and reforming technology for liquid logistic fuel will be developed.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.289-300
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• 2000

The development of a UIS driven by muncipal governments has been expanding through the wide application of GIS since NGIS project initiated. City of Inchon has developed a sewage management system as the first-year product of the long-term UIS project. GIS auditing process has been adopted to secure the credibility and stability, and to minimize the critical failure factors for building the sewage management system. So far, the auditing method generally used for developing information system in general purposes has been applied to the GIS field due to the absence of proper method for GIS auditing only. This study proposes major differentials in terms of the auditing between GIS and general information system based on the results from auditing Inchon´s sewage management system. The major results from this study would contribute to the establishment of the methodology and accompanying documents for the proper GIS auditing.