• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2007

저해상도 영상 정보들 이용하여 고해상도 영상으로 재구성하는 새로운 고해상도 복원 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 고해상도 복원 알고리즘은 super 해상도 이론을 바탕으로 구성되며, super 해상도는 정합과 복원의 순차적인 단계로 구성되어있다. 본 논문에서는 다해상도 분해를 통한 웨이브렛 기저와 하위픽셀이동을 통한 정합으로 많은 데이터 처리량과 잡음을 줄여 주요정보 유지와 에러율 개선하였다. 또한 복원단계에서는 퍼지 웨이브렛 B-스플라인 보간법을 이용하여 블러링과 블록화 현상이 없는 부드러운 영상과 해상도를 얻음을 확인하였다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2002

Ankylosis of joint is defined as limited movement due to infection, trauma, or surgical procedure. A 59-year-old female with a chief complaint of limited movements during mouth opening had a positive history of trauma to her right TMJ area about 5 years ago. From that time, progressive mouth opening limitation and intermittent pain have occurred. At the time of admission the patient showed mandibular deviation to the right side during mouth opening, with a maximum opening limited to 5 mm. On plain radiographs, right condylar enlargement and joint space reduction by newly formed bony tissues were observed. CT scans showed right condylar enlargement, cortical sclerosis, and thickening of the condyle, articular fossa and articular eminence.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.975-983
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• 2006

Degenerative arthritis is characterized by progressive degenerative change, particularly change occurring to the joint due to the burden of body weight. Arthritis means inflammation occurring to the joint: it causes pain and limits exercise involving movement of the joint. Edema is not a disease but a condition which is accompanied by progression of a certain disease. Degenerative arthritis patients also have various diseases and mostly brings edema. Even though the cause is known to be abrasion of the joints, there are many cases in which walking difficulties are caused by pressure and pain due to edema. We found patients with walking difficulties caused by pain and increase of pressure in the joints walk better after treatment of both the pain and edema.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.251-259
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• 2016

Background: Estrogen signaling pathways are modulated by exogenous factors. Panax ginseng exerts multiple activities in biological systems and is classified as an adaptogen. Zearalenol is a potent mycoestrogen that may be present in herbs and crops arising from contamination or endophytic association. The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of P. ginseng, zearalenol and estradiol in tests on spermatozoal function. Methods: The affinity of these compounds for estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha and beta ($ER{\alpha}$ and $ER{\beta}$)-was assessed in receptor binding assays. Functional tests on boar spermatozoa motility, movement and kinematic parameters were conducted using a computer-assisted sperm analyzer. Tests for capacitation, acrosome reaction (AR), and chromatin decondensation in spermatozoa were performed using microscopic analysis. Results: Zearalenol-but not estradiol ($E_2$)- or ginseng-treated spermatozoa-decreased the percentage of overall, progressive, and rapid motile cells. Zearalenol also decreased spontaneous AR and increased chromatin decondensation. Ginseng decreased chromatin decondensation in response to calcium ionophore and decreased AR in response to progesterone ($P_4$) and ionophore. Conclusion: Zearalenol has adverse effects on sperm motility and function by targeting multiple signaling cascades, including $P_4$, $E_2$, and calcium pathways. Ginseng protects against chromatin damage and thus may be beneficial to reproductive fitness.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.267-277
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• 1998

The background of this study is to provide meaning of landscape history and to find out landscape origines which were strongly concerned with the nature through breaking out the form of conventional adapting elements from an exterior. And the purpose of this study is to review Brown's philosophy as picturesque landscape architectur and to provide useful Brown's characteristics to contemporary landscape by epitomizing his design elements. Brown estiablished a foundation of the English landscape garden of the eighteenth century. And the concept, the beauty of nature, is considered as a beginning point of modernism study. The study of the Brownian style as profoundity theme is conversion view to the development of the history of garden. These days, the restoration of the Brownian style at the public or garden design in England is based on the nature recourse of the original character of human. And also his style can be understood to seek the progressive transformation as to perfectly known the possibility of the place, to get clues to the solutions, and to be able to iprove the quality of environment. Therefore, Brown's efforts for seeding the essence of landscape architecture escaping from Englands old-fashioned landscape design skills might be considered in high worth.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.493-499
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• 2021

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the midbrain, which results in decreased dopamine levels accompanied by movement symptoms. Oral administration of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa), the precursor of dopamine, provides initial symptomatic relief, but abnormal involuntary movements develop later. A deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying dopamine homeostasis is thus critically needed for the development of a successful treatment. Here, we show that p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) controls dopamine levels. Constitutively active PAK4 (caPAK4) stimulated transcription of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) via the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) transcription factor. Moreover, caPAK4 increased the catalytic activity of TH through its phosphorylation of S⁴⁰, which is essential for TH activation. Consistent with this result, in human midbrain tissues, we observed a strong correlation between phosphorylated PAK4^S474, which represents PAK4 activity, and phosphorylated TH^S40, which reflects their enzymatic activity. Our findings suggest that targeting the PAK4 signaling pathways to restore dopamine levels may provide a new therapeutic approach in PD.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.423-429
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• 2022

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder caused by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons, leading to decreased dopamine levels in the midbrain. Although the specific etiology of PD is not yet known, oxidative stress, inflammation, and subsequent apoptosis have been proposed to be closely related to PD pathophysiology. Cera Flava (CF) is a natural extract obtained from beehives and is isolated through the heating, compression, filtration, and purification of beehives. CF has been used in traditional medicines for its various clinical and pharmacological effects. However, its effects on neurodegenerative diseases are unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effects of CF against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD in mice and explored the underlying mechanism of action. In MPTP-induced PC12 cells, CF protected NADH dehydrogenase activity and inhibited lactate dehydrogenase. In the mouse model, CF promoted recovery from movement impairments, prevented dopamine depletion, and protected against MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuronal degradation. Moreover, CF downregulated glial and microglial activation. Taken together, our results suggest that CF improves behavioral impairments and protects against dopamine depletion in MPTP-induced toxicity by inhibiting glial and microglial activation.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2022

Glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1; OMIM #231670) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited neurometabolic disorder caused by the deficiency of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase. Infantile-onset GA1 is the most common form characterized by striatal injury and progressive movement disorder, and it is often triggered by an acute encephalopathic crisis within the first three years of life. Once this crisis occurs, there is a high likelihood for ineffective or limited conventional interventions, neurological disorders, or even death. Therefore, early diagnosis and immediate preventive management, such as dietary therapy, is essential. In the past decades, newborn screening (NBS) by tandem mass spectrometry for GA1 has been largely introduced in many countries including Korea, and it has led to improvements in the neurological outcomes of patients with GA1. In this review, the clinical symptoms, natural histories, and outcomes before and after the introduction of NBS in patients are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2023

Elongated styloid syndrome (ESS) can present with myriad symptoms that mimic common features of orofacial pain, such as temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJDs), often causing a challenge and delay in diagnosis. We report the case of a 52-year-old male with a three-year history of non-painful clicking during jaw movement initially diagnosed as TMJD-related internal derangement. The patient presented with a history of annoying jaw sounds for three years, described as a popping sound without bilateral clicking or crepitation. Tinnitus and progressive hearing loss were observed in the right ear, and a hearing aid was recommended by an otolaryngologist. The patient was initially diagnosed with TMJD and managed accordingly; nevertheless, his symptoms persisted. Imaging revealed prominent bilateral styloid process elongation that exceeded the recognized cut-off level of >30 mm for elongation. The patient was informed of his diagnosis and its treatment but opted only for further swallowing and auditory assessments of his ear and nose symptoms. Clinicians should consider including ESS as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with non-specific chronic orofacial symptoms for timely diagnosis and favorable clinical outcomes.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제43권
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• pp.47-80
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• 2008

한국언론정보학회가 창립된지 20년이 지났다. 이 글은 비판적 학술운동이라는 창립정신으로 출발했던 학회의 20년을 되돌아보면서 그 정체성을 점검하고자 했다. 논문은 크게 세 영역으로 구성되어 있다. 첫째는 1980년대 후반에 태동되었던 비판적 학술운동이 한국사회의 변화와 맞물려 어떻게 변화되었는지를 살펴본다. 둘째는 비판언론학 진영의 학술운동을 표방하며 출발했던 '한국사회언론연구회'의 활동을 되돌아본다. 구체적으로 학회의 창립배경과 창립정신에 기반한 학술연대 운동, 언론연대 운동, 현안 대응 연대 운동 등의 활동을 점검한다. 셋째는 한국언론정보학회로 전환한 이후 학회의 활동 사항에 대한 점검이다. 학회의 20년을 되돌아볼 때, 무엇보다도 가장 큰 성과는 비판언론학의 학문적 영역을 확장시켰다는 것이다. 이에 따라 학회의 외연 역시 성장하였다. 하지만 학회의 초기 정신과 정체성이 제대로 지켜지고 있는가에 대해서는 여러 논란이 존재한다. 이에 본 글에서는 결론적으로 학회의 정체성 강화를 위해 사회적 현안에 대한 유기적 학술회의의 조직, 학보 정체성 강화, 학문후속세대에 대한 지원, 분과활동의 활성화를 강조하고 있다.