• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2009

실적공사비 적산방식은 품셈견적, 실측견적, 단가견적, 및 총액견적 등 매우 다양하다. 표준품셈은 공공기관 및 민간기관의 공사비 책정기준이 되는 자료이다. 본 논문에서는 도로공사에 이용되는 기존 품셈견적의 문제점을 개선하기 위해 현장조사를 실시하고 분석하였으며 그 결과로 각 공종에 대한 실측견적 방법을 통계적 방법을 통해 제시하였다. 또한, 기존 품셈과 실측품셈을 공사단위의 비교를 통해 제안된 품셈이 보다 간단한 견적 작성을 가능하게 하고 보다 현실적인 공사금액을 산출함을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 보조기층의 Case-Study를 통하여 각 방식별 장단점을 가시적으로 비교해 보았다. 실측품셈으로 적용하였을 경우, 계산과정은 기존품셈의 50%로 축소되었으며 1일 1장비 사용으로 기존의 1일미만 장비 사용에 대한 편차가 보완되었다. 또한 품셈만을 이용하여 공정의 시공내용을 짐작하고 이를 바탕으로 공정계획이나 인력투입계획 등을 수립할 수 있었다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.191-195
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• 2007

In this study, we estimated the performance of PEMFC's unit cell as changing operating temperature in different inlet humidity condition at cathode side but anode dry, and tried to match experimental results with 1-dimensional simulation. We used $Nafion^{\circledR}112$ membrane and a self-manufactured PEMFC with active area of $25cm^{2}$ was used in this study. The range of operating temperature was $40{\sim}70^{\circ}C$ and oxygen through bubbled humidity chamber was supplied $0{\sim}80$% humidity condition as changing water temperature in humidity chamber. For figuring out governing equations, represent water contents in electrolyte membrane, the linear forward difference method was applied about time progress and quadratic central difference method was used about space progress. It was assumed that pressure terms were linearly changed due to thin electrolyte membrane. In low operating temperature condition, $40{\sim}60^{\circ}C$, increasing temperature rarely effected cell performance but we can see performance drop at $70^{\circ}C$. By modifying Henrry's constant and/or diffusion coefficient, the modified one-dimensional model was accomplished for calculation.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2022

Mt. Umyeon is a low-altitude mountain near a residential area, and the actual forest area is not large due to the fact that development for use as a living green space is being completed and in progress across the mountain, so the buffering action for landslides was weak. The unit was located at the top of Mt. Umyeon, and there were reports of contents related to the military unit in some accident areas. Some experts suggested that the landslide that started on the cut side of the unit could be one of the causes of the landslide at Mt. Umyeon. It is presumed that there was a sudden collapse of trees that had fallen due to erosion inside the valley. In the case of the Umyeon landslide, localized torrential rain is the biggest cause, but the fact that it suffered a lot of damage is the result of no preemptive measures. In particular, it can be said that the damage was caused by the concentration of residential and commercial facilities due to the unplanned urban expansion without prior review of the feng shui geography of settlement areas. The important lesson we have learned is that we should recognize nature as living things and live in harmony and coexistence between humans and nature through understanding and cooperation. Adapting to changes in the environment can survive, but if it doesn't, it will be slaughtered. As such, geography influences changes in feng shui. Changes in feng shui have a profound effect on not only humans but also the natural ecosystem.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.215-216
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• 2022

Profit, the performance of an apartment development project, is directly affected by the sales ratio, unit sale price, financial costs, land costs and construction costs. However, these factors fluctuate in response to changes in the environment, including various stake holders, and the profits fluctuate as a result. In order to ensure that profits are managed within target levels, these factors must be able to be predicted, controlled and monitored and managed up to the start, sale, and end stages of the project. The purpose of this study is to develop a profit risk management model for apartment development projects. The results of this study will contribute to the establishment of academic basis for the dynamic management of project profits that fluctuate with time and environment. And in practice, it will help project developers manage their business revenue to the proper level. In addition, the risks that occur from time to time can be identified quantitatively and visually, and it is expected that it will be easier to derive consensus points for smooth business progress by reducing conflicts of interest among stakeholders.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2011

A high-speed railway system represents a typical example of large-scale multi-disciplinary system, consisting of subsystems such as rolling-stock, electrical hardware, electronics, control, information, communication, civil technology etc. The system design and acquisition data of the large-scale system must be the subject under strict configuration control and management. Systems engineering technology development project for Korea next generation High-speed Electric Multiple Unit (HEMU) system in progress is a national large system development project that is not only a large-size and complex but also multi-disciplinary in nature. Therefore, all stakeholders must understand and share the functional and performance requirements of HEMU throughout its life-cycle phases. Also in the test and evaluation phase, all systems requirements must be verified. In 2011, the prototype train manufacturing will be completed. It will do test run on the commercial line and all systems requirements are verified until 2012. For the system verification, the test and evaluation process have to be established before the test trial run. Using a systems engineering tool, the system design database(SDD) with requirements traceability and development process management in the course of the development have to be established. This paper represents the test and evaluation process development based on the SEMP(Systems Engineering Management Plan) developed in the design stage. The test and evaluation process is refined and updated in comparison to the design stage one. The test and evaluation process consists of procedure, test and evaluation method and schedule. So through this process, it is defined that each systems requirements is verified on which test and about what time.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.45-58
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• 1995

This paper studied production characteristics of organic farming products and analyzed management income and production cost of organic farming(rice). In order to analyze these points actually, this study was focused on pruduction activities of a producers' organization, Pulmoo Cooperatives in Hong-Dong Myun, Hong-Seong Region, Chung Nam Province. So the following results were obtained : In 1994, output level and an income rate of rice per unit area(10a) which was produced in organic farming method(O.F.M) was higher than those of general farming method(G.F.M) as about 5%, 7.4%. And management income size of the former was 1.8 times as large as that of the latter. But rice production cost of O.F.M was 1.93 times as much as that of G.F.M, particularily in labor cost and farming equipment cost, light and heat expenses, many other material costs. For the progress of organic farming O.F.M and equipmets should be developed much more, for example, the technics of prevetion against damages by blight and harmful insects and improvement of varieties, natural pesticides, agricultual application of microorganisim, construction of compost heat factory, etc. Since these technics and establishments have taken on the public goods, the development of those should be supported by government.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.232-236
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• 2022

A ranula is a pseudocyst that originates from the sublingual gland after trauma. Acute cases of ranulas that progress rapidly and cause respiratory distress are rare. Holoprosencephaly is a complex brain malformation caused by incomplete cleavage of the prosencephalon. Children with holoprosencephaly may experience upper airway obstruction due to the associated dentoalveolar malformations and oromotor dysfunctions. We present the case of an eight-year-old female patient with holoprosencephaly and a plunging ranula that manifested as an acute course due to difficult airway management. She required gastrostomy for oromotor dysfunctions related to feeding and swallowing and difficulty managing oral secretions. The sublingual gland and ranula were removed under general anesthesia. Postoperatively, urgent reintubation and close monitoring in the intensive care unit were required due to upper airway obstruction. We successfully managed the patient with close cooperation of a pediatrician and an anesthetist, and no recurrence was observed at the one-year follow-up. A ranula can be caused by trauma to the floor of the mouth in association with lingually inclined mandibular teeth, a type of dentoalveolar compensation seen in maxillary hypoplasia associated with holoprosencephaly. Careful consideration is needed in such cases since airway management can be difficult due to postoperative swelling and oromotor dysfunctions.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.1173-1178
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• 2023

현대 사회에서는 효율성을 강조하여 조직 내 팀 프로젝트와 개인 업무를 세부 계획으로 이끄는 경향이 있다. 24시간 일상에서 시간을 효과적으로 활용하는 능력은 성실함의 지표로 여겨지며, 사람들은 계획적이고 조직적인 사람들을 모방하고 다양한 시스템을 활용하여 일상을 관리하려고 노력한다. 주어진 업무를 효율적으로 수행하려는 이유는 정해진 기간 내에 작업을 완료함으로써 프로젝트의 성패에 영향을 미치기 때문이다. 프로젝트 일정을 소홀히 할 경우, 성공적인 결과를 위협하는 큰 위험으로 여겨집니다. 이는 조직의 대형 프로젝트뿐 아니라 개인의 생활에서도 같이 적용되며, 시간 기반의 효율적인 관리를 강조하는 다양한 일정 관리 도구를 활용한다. 프로젝트 관리에서는 단순히 '오늘'을 기준으로 하는 것이 아니라 세부 업무 진행 상황을 주의 깊게 파악하는 것이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 우리는 사용자가 속한 프로젝트에 날짜가 아닌 업무 단위로 접근하여 일정을 관리할 수 있는 안드로이드 애플리케이션을 제안하고 그 구현 내용을 소개한다. 본 논문에서 우리가 구현한 애플리케이션은 사용자가 속한 프로젝트를 등록하여 프로젝트의 목표 및 일정을 관리할 수 있다. 더불어, 프로젝트 전체 또는 개별 목표 진행률을 가시화하여 업무에 효율적으로 접근할 수 있는 기능을 제공한다. 이로써 사용자들은 본 논문에서 우리가 제안하는 애플리케이션을 활용하여 본인이 속한 프로젝트에 전념하며 업무 단위로 일정을 관리함으로써 프로젝트의 전반적인 효율을 향상할 수 있다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2012

국내 공동주택의 리모델링 수월성 및 이에 따른 장수명화를 위해 그린 프레임 공법이 개발되었다. 그린 프레임 공법은 합성 프리캐스트 콘크리트 부재를 이용한 라멘구조로 벽식 구조와는 달리 양중 및 설치가 골조공사의 주공정으로 작용한다. 따라서 그린 프레임에 의한 적정 골조공사 공기 산정을 위해서는 체계적인 양중계획이 필요하다. 그러나 양중계획은 그린 프레임을 구성하는 요소인 합성 PC 부재(기둥, 보)의 단위 양중공정에 대한 분석이 선행되어야 한다. 따라서 본 연구는 그린 프레임 합성 PC 부재의 양중공정을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 합성 PC 기둥과 보의 양중절차와 시간을 도출하고, 그 결과를 사례 프로젝트에 적용하여 기준층의 양중 사이클을 분석한다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 그린 프레임에 의한 골조공사 양중계획 시 핵심자료로 사용된다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2012년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.1176-1179
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• 2012

To ensure the correctness of high performance satisfiability (SAT) solvers, several proof formats have been proposed. SAT solvers can report a formula being unsatisfiable with a proof, which can be independently verified by a trusted proof checker. Among the proof formats accepted at the SAT competition, the Reverse Unit Propagation (RUP) format is considered the most popular. However, the official proof checker was not efficient and failed to check many of the proofs at the competition. This inefficiency is one of the drawbacks of SAT proof checking. In this paper, I introduce a work-in-progress project, vercheck to implement an efficient RUP checker using modern SAT solving techniques. Even though my implementation is larger and more complex, the level of trust is preserved by statically verifying the correctness of the code. The vercheck program is written in GURU, a dependently typed functional programming language with a low-level resource management feature.