• 대한간호학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.349-364
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• 1991

Recognition of the usefulness and the importance of the nursing diagnosis is increasing. There is a prevailing opinion that nursing diagnosis should be used to improve the quality of nursing care. Developing standardized nursing care palns based on nursing diagnoses is therefore considered one of the most essential projects for professional growth and improvement in the nursing world of Korea. Consequently, in the first stage of this research project, the ten nursing diagnses used most frequently with patients on medical and surgical wards were determined and related nursing care plans were developed, implemented and evaluated. The application of the standardized nursing care plans raised the nurses' confidence and proved to be effective in enhancing the quality of nursing care. This study was initiated as the next stage, to develop, test, and determine the validity of nursing care plans for the remaining nursing diagnoses. Nineteen medical and surgical wards were selected for the study ; the 176 staff nurses working on those wards and 1211 patients hospitalized there (603 patients during the nursing care plan use) took part in the project. The following summarizes the results of the study : 1. After listing all the nursing diagnoses up to the 20th in frequency from each ward except the ten used in the first study, 22 nursing diagnoses were selected. Two related to ‘self care deficit’, were combined into one. Standardized nursing care plans were established for these 21 nursing diagnoses. 2. The first page of each nursing care plan lists the related factors and defining characteristics as supporting data. The application rate distribution revealed that the majority were recorded less than 50% of the time. For each nursing diagnosis, only one to three related factors were recorded more than 50% of the time regardless of the number of suggested related factors, and similarly, only one to five defining characteristics were recorded more than 50% of the time regardless of the number of suggested defining characteristics. Therefore, these factors and defining characteristics were proposed as the common related factors and the typical signs and symptoms for each nursing diagnosis. 3. The application rate distribution for the expected outcomes, and the nursing orders that were the main data of each nursing care plan occurred more than 50% of the time, unlike the related factors and the characteristics that occurred less frequently. These findings supported the clinical validity. 4. In an effort to evaluate indirectly the effect of the use of the standardized nursing care plans, nurses' job satisfaction and perceptions of their ability in the use of the nursing process were measured and compared. Scores after the use of the plans were significantly higher than those before. The experience in actually using the standardized nursing care plans with patients increased the nurses' professional and emotional satisfaction and their confidence in using the nursing process. Also when the nurses who actually used the nursing care plans were asked to rate their effectiveness, the highest score was given to ‘the ease of establishing the nursing goal’, followed by ‘improved professional advice and care for patients’, ‘the efficiency and systemization of charting’, ‘the definite recognition of the nursing problem’, and ‘the selection of effective and appropriate nursing interventions’ in descending order. The results indicate the nurses were very positive about the effect of the real clinical application of standardized nursing care plans, and that the objective of this study to utilize the nursing diagnosis to strengthen the nursing process was attained.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.240-251
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a curriculum for care manager based on the results of professional workshops and through the analysis of the roles and curriculums of care managers in other countries. Method: The process of this study included a review of literature, getting advice from various experts, a review of the present state of education programs at abroad. Result: This study revealed the basic content of care manager education which includes understanding health care and welfare delivery system. process of care manager, resource management, legal and ethical issues, management of health and a life style of elderly, communication, stress management. The major roles of care manager was revealed as the one who assess the needs of elders, making a care plan, evaluator, supporter, coordinator and a risk manager who coordinates, validates and reassesses various services needed by elderly. Conclusion: These results can be utilized in care manager educational program for raising the quality of care manager and care management services.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4511-4515
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• 2012

Background: In the Middle East, including Iran, breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy among women. Without treatment, a malignant breast tumor advances in stage, diminishing a woman's chances of survival. In this study we aimed to gain insight into the causes of delay in seeking treatment in patients with breast cancer. Methods: The participants in this qualitative, content analysis study were 10 women in whom a diagnosis of breast cancer in the stages of II b, III or IIV had been made. They were selected from patients of a major oncology clinic in Kerman, Iran. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews that lasted between 20 to 30 minutes. Sampling was discontinued when data saturation was achieved. Content analysis was conducted by classifying the data into themes and sub-themes. Results: The results of our study revealed several factors that interfered with patients' professional consultation seeking and prompt treatment. These factors included; lack of knowledge, fear of being diagnosed with cancer, not seeing oneself at risk, mental preoccupation and wrong diagnosis by physicians. Conclusions: This study suggests that women and even physicians need further information about breast cancer symptoms. Women need encouragement to seek medical advice when they encounter suspicious symptoms. Additionally, women may benefit from awareness of the pros of early detection and reassurance about the improvements in the success of breast cancer treatment.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2018

Observations and video documentation of interactions between animals living in dens, cavities, and other enclosed spaces are difficult, but they play an important role in field biology, ecology, and conservation. For example, bird parents visiting nests and feeding their nestlings may provide crucial information for testing of ecological hypotheses and may easily attract attention of participants of citizen-science ecological and conservation projects. Because of the nest concealment of cavity-nesting birds, their behaviors in the nest can only be studied by using video surveillance. Professional wildlife surveillance systems are extremely expensive. Here, we describe an inexpensive video setup that can be constructed with relatively little effort and is more affordable than any previously described system. We anticipate that the relatively low cost of about 250 USD for a battery-operated system is an important feature for citizen-science type of projects and for applications in heavily populated areas where the potential for theft and vandalism may be high. Based on our experiences, we provide methodological advice on practical aspects of using this system in the field for ecological research on birds. We highlight the low cost, easiness of construction, and potential availability to a large number of observers taking part in wildlife monitoring projects, and we offer technical help to participants of such research projects.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.109-121
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• 1997

포오트폴리오 평가란 하나 이상의 주제나 문제에 대한 해결 과정을 모두 기록함과 아울러, 이들에 대한 반성적 자기 평가 결과들을 모아둔 것으로 이를 통해 학생들은 자기 자신의 변화 과정을 알 수 있고 자신의 장점이나 약점, 성실성 여부, 잠재 가능성 등을 스스로 인식할 수 있다. 그리고, 교사들은 학생들의 과거와 현재의 상태를 쉽게 파악할 수 있을 환 아니라 앞으로의 발전방향에 대한 조언을 할 수 있다. 포오트폴리오 평가는 결과만을 중시하는 평가 방법이 아니라 과정 중심 평가 또는 과정과 결과의 통합 평가의 한 대안적인 방법으로 학습자의 자아실현을 위한 발달의 잠재적 가능성을 키워주는 중요한 도구로 이용될 수 있다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.43-57
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• 1996

The purpose of this research conducted has been an the development of a computer program to be used for nursing of spinal cord injury patients. The research is also intended to contribute by supplying the basic data, to the development of other programs in relevant areas where similar nursing information system is required. This research used System Development Life Cycle method. Results from the study were as follows : The scope of Information System in nursing practice were based on a wide range of mateials as charts at four hospitals in Pusan that cover the nursing period of spinal cord injury patients from admission to discharge and other sources of reference, the research is done for nursing diagnosis, nursing history, admission and discharge education, and the performing of doctor's order, which were divided into a subsystem that consisted of help, Patient Management, Performing of Docter's Order, and Basic Data Management and then these was analysed systematically using Hierachy Plus Input Process Output, necessary information, data flow diagram, and conceptual designs were developed for chosem system. Furthemore, the system has been programed by a conceptual design that includes the objects of the program and the origins of the sources. The oder to make sure of the proper function, the computer program was actually applied to a nursing practice that had been developed for a hypothetical situation through the two nurses who were in charge of spinal cord injury patients after they were trained to understand the structure and the contents of computer program about the nursing practice from using the computer program developed. Also, the compensatory strategy has been worked out against any problems to arise. It is expected that this kind of nursing practice information system to be used for the spinal cord injury patients that has been developed through the processes shown above will increase the satisfaction for both patients and nurses by enabling them to give more professional advice and service to the development of more information systems for many hospitals.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2008

In this paper, we developed a visual-auditory cue software for reading training of motor speech disorder patients. Motor speech disorder patients can use the visual and/or auditory cues for reading training and improving their symptom. The software provides some sentences with visual-auditory cues. Our sentences used for reading training are adequately comprised on modulation training according to a professional advice in speech therapy field. To ameliorate reading skills we developed two algorithms, first one is automatically searching the starting time of speech spoken by patients and the other one is removing auditory-cue from the recorded speech that recorded at the same time. The searching of speech starting time was experimented by 10 sentences per 6 subjects in four kinds of noisy environments thus the results is that $7.042{\pm}8.99[ms]$ error was detected. The experiment of the cancellation algorithm of auditory-cue was executed from 6 subjects with 1 syllable speech. The result takes improved the speech recognition rate $25{\pm}9.547[%]$ between before and after cancellation of auditory-cue in speech. User satisfaction index of the developed program was estimated as good.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.311-324
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• 1997

General citizens can be a valuable resource for various types of environmental monitoring when they are well-trained and managed. Successful use of volunteer monitors depends on understanding that citizens are partners sharing expanded roles as the guardians of their local environment. Citizen volunteer monitoring programs are developed for three reasons: 1) to supplement environmental data collected by professional staffs in governmental agencies and scientific institutions; 2) to educate the public about local environmental problems; 3) to build a constituency of citizen to practice sound environmental management at a local level and build public support for environmental protection. All three goals can be achieved with a well-organized program which provides useful and credible data. Initial step in planning a successful volunteer monitoring project is to clearly identify the use to be made of the data. Technical advice from the identified potential user groups should be convened early in the planning stage to refine the program objectives and determine if volunteers can provide the level of expertise required. Data users must have confidence in the representativeness, consistency, and accuracy of data collected by volunteers. Effective quality assurance and quality control(QA/QC) procedures are essential to ensure the utility of environmental monitoring data. Volunteers must be trained in advance to carry out specific environmental monitoring tasks. Another components of successful volunteer monitoring programs is to give the volunteers praise and feedback as well as to encourage experienced volunteers to impose increased responsibilities. The increase of volunteer monitoring programs in Korea will play a major role in developing a participatory system in which the people are "empowered" to make decisions and make a difference.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.655-667
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• 2014

본 연구는 질병과 관련한 온라인 포럼에서 추출한 언어 데이터를 통해 제 2형 당뇨병 환자의 질병에 대한 담론을 양적으로 분석하였다. 또한 환자 언어행위의 양적분석을 통해 환자들의 주요 관심사와 심리적 특징의 일반화가 가능한지에 대해 실증적으로 검증하였다. 분석방법으로는 기존의 인터뷰에 기반한 정성적 연구방법론과 달리 환자들의 담론 표본 전체를 파싱 (parsing)과 POS 태깅을 통해 언어학적으로 형태소 분류를 하였다. 주요 어휘빈도 추출과 N-gram을 통한 최빈도 구문구조 분석을 병행하여, 질병과 관련한 이슈의 주요 범주와 심리상태에 관한 언어적인 특징을 살펴보았다. 연구 결과 환자들의 자발적 대화는 주로 다이어트, 운동, 증상, 약물치료, 심리상태의 5가지 범주로 나타나고 있음을 확인하였고, 최빈도 구문구조 분석을 통해 질병치료와 식생활습관 개선 전반에 대한 부정적인 견해가 두드러진 것을 확인하였다. 결과적으로 의료진의 정확한 정보 전달과 전문가의 조언, 정서적 지원 등이 당뇨환자에 대한 심리적 상태에 중요한 만큼 심리치료 서비스이 개선이 필요할 것으로 보인다. 이런한 결과는 기존의 의료제도 안에서의 환자의 관심사와 심리적 특징이 온라인 상에서도 적절하게 투영되고 있음을 시사한다.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2020

이 연구는 한국 사회의 두 전문 학습 커뮤니티인 '전국역사교사모임'과 '초등학급경영연구회'의 구조 및 운영체제를 검토하고, 그 장·단점을 분석한 연구이다. 이러한 사례를 분석하기 위해 로비(Robey)의 조직 변화 모델을 이론적 틀로 활용하였다. 이 연구에는 주로 문헌 검토와 현장 인터뷰라는 두 가지 연구방법이 채택되었다. 분석 결과, 여러 가지 장점(교사의 진취성과 자율적 의지에 의해 주도되는 쉬운 접근성, 풍부하고 실용적인 교육 해결책)과 약점(재정적 부담, 이론적 배경의 결여, 산발적인 참여자)이 발견되었다. 결론에서 이 연구는 교사의 전문성 함양에 중요한 역할을 하는 교육 리더 그룹이 되기 위한 세 가지 전략을 제시한다. 1) 교사의 학습 동기를 자극하기 위한 제도적 노력을 기울인다. 2) 교사라는 직업 자문을 위해 대학교수 및 다른 전문가들로 구성된 강한 네트워크를 구축한다. 3) 종합적이고 탄탄한 통합 시스템을 구축한다.